The report summarizes the findings of the IPCC's Fifth Assessment Report. It integrates the three working group reports on the physical science basis, impacts/adaptation/vulnerability, and mitigation of climate change. Key findings include: human influence on the climate is clear; continued emissions will cause further warming and changes; and measures exist to limit warming to 2°C but require substantial emissions reductions by 2050 and net zero by 2100. Delaying mitigation will make the goals harder to achieve.
The world is moving towards a crucial climate change meeting in Paris in December 2015 (COP21). The negotiations there will be based on national pledges, formally known as Intended Nationally Determined Contributions, with the goal of setting the world on a sustainable path. As energy production and use is responsible for two-thirds of greenhouse-gas emissions, the IEA feels an obligation to make a contribution to COP21 – a contribution which reconciles climate and energy needs.
Presentation on draft target validation criteria for financial institutions to align their investment and lending activities with the goals of the Paris Agreement.
Learn more: https://www.wri.org/events/2020/02/workshop-science-based-target-setting-financial
The world is moving towards a crucial climate change meeting in Paris in December 2015 (COP21). The negotiations there will be based on national pledges, formally known as Intended Nationally Determined Contributions, with the goal of setting the world on a sustainable path. As energy production and use is responsible for two-thirds of greenhouse-gas emissions, the IEA feels an obligation to make a contribution to COP21 – a contribution which reconciles climate and energy needs.
Presentation on draft target validation criteria for financial institutions to align their investment and lending activities with the goals of the Paris Agreement.
Learn more: https://www.wri.org/events/2020/02/workshop-science-based-target-setting-financial
Theme 4 - Climate Change Mitigation and AdaptationCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by Christopher Martius, Henry Neufeldt, Glenn Hyman and Laura Snook focuses on the objectives and structure of the climate change adaptation and mitigation program of the FTA Research Program, their evolution over time, the major accomplishments and the main obstacles and challenges.
The Asia CCUS Network has been successfully launched on 22-23 June 2021 with initially 13 countries (all ASEAN member countries, the United States, Australia, and Japan) and more than 100 international organisations, companies, financial and research institutions that share the vision of CCUS development throughout the Asian region.
The Network members have expressed their intention to participate to share the vision of the Asia CCUS Network that aims to contribute to the decarbonisation of emissions in Asia through collaboration and cooperation on development and deployment of CCUS.
The Asia CCUS Network provides opportunities for countries in the region to work and collaborate on the low emission technology partnership that will eventually help to build countries’ capability to lower the cost of CCUS technology and its deployment through the collaboration of research and innovation.
At the 2nd Asia CCUS Network (ACN) Knowledge Sharing Conference, the Asia CCUS Network is very pleased to invite experts from the Department of Energy, United States of America (USDOE) to share their insights and experiences about CCUS development and policy to support the deployment of CCUS technology.
The ACN will be an active forum to bridge the knowledge gap on CCUS technologies, policy development to support the development and deployment of CCUS in Asia. Thus, this conference hosted in collaboration with IEA will help to bring in update knowledge, opportunity for investment in CCUS in Asia.
This is the 7th lesson the course - Climate Change & Global Environment taught at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities of the Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
What is carbon pricing? What is carbon tax? Is carbon tax suitable for Indonesia condition? Can we implement carbon tax in Indonesia? What are the challenges of carbon tax implementation in Indonesia?
Greenhouse Gas Accounting Scope 2 Guidance: New developments in corporate GHG accounting for electricity. Find out more and download guidance at http://www.ghgprotocol.org/scope_2_guidance
Presentation by Dr. Spencer Thomas, Grenadian climate change ambassador, at the workshop on " Scaling Up Adaptation: Strengthening alignment of the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process and the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) in Grenada" held in St. George’s, Grenada, on January 31 and February 1, 2019. This workshop was co-hosted by the NAP Global Network and the Grenadian Ministry of Climate Resilience, the Environment, Forestry, Disaster Management and Information, in collaboration with the Integrated Climate Change Adaptation Strategies (ICCAS) program.
My presentation at the "Third Annual Conference of the Transatlantic University Collaboration for Climate and Energy Law" on 28 April 2021 in Oslo https://www.jus.uio.no/nifs/english/research/events/2021/04-28-tucccel.html
“Change is the Law of Nature”.Climate Change is a reality. It has changed in Past, is changing in Present and will change in Future. The variation and shifts in weather conditions over space and time of different scales and magnitude resulting into
changes of Climatic Type is defined as Climate Change.
The factor that affect climate are,Continental drift,Variation in the earth’s orbit,Plate tectonics,Volcanic activity,Ocean currents,Greenhouse Gases,Atmospheric Aerosols etc. It effect climate in different ways such as Higher Temperatures,Changing Landscapes,Wildlife/Ecosystem at Risk,Ocean acidification /Rising Seas level,Increased Risk of Drought, Fire and Floods,Intensified Storms and Increased Storm Damages,Illness and Disease,Economic Losses,Agriculture Productivity/Food Security etc.
Presentation on IEA Net Zero Pathways/RoadmapIEA-ETSAP
Presentation on IEA Net Zero Pathways/Roadmap
Uwe Remme, IEA
16–17th november 2023, Turin, Italy, etsap meeting, etsap winter workshop, semi-annual meeting, november 2023, Politecnico di Torino Lingotto, Torino
Linking the energy crisis with climate change, Ritu Mathu, TERI University, I...ESD UNU-IAS
This lecture is part of the 2016 ProSPER.Net Young Researchers’ School on sustainable energy for transforming lives: availability, accessibility, affordability
What's in it for South Asia? Key findings from the IPCC's Fifth Assessment Re...CDKN
This presentation, What's in it for South Asia? Key findings evaluates what the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Fifth Assessment Report has to say about the future of South Asia's climate in a series of innovative infographics, key facts, statements and images.
This presentation is free to use by anyone for educational purposes. Please feel free to share the slideshow and help continue the discussion on climate change.
Theme 4 - Climate Change Mitigation and AdaptationCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by Christopher Martius, Henry Neufeldt, Glenn Hyman and Laura Snook focuses on the objectives and structure of the climate change adaptation and mitigation program of the FTA Research Program, their evolution over time, the major accomplishments and the main obstacles and challenges.
The Asia CCUS Network has been successfully launched on 22-23 June 2021 with initially 13 countries (all ASEAN member countries, the United States, Australia, and Japan) and more than 100 international organisations, companies, financial and research institutions that share the vision of CCUS development throughout the Asian region.
The Network members have expressed their intention to participate to share the vision of the Asia CCUS Network that aims to contribute to the decarbonisation of emissions in Asia through collaboration and cooperation on development and deployment of CCUS.
The Asia CCUS Network provides opportunities for countries in the region to work and collaborate on the low emission technology partnership that will eventually help to build countries’ capability to lower the cost of CCUS technology and its deployment through the collaboration of research and innovation.
At the 2nd Asia CCUS Network (ACN) Knowledge Sharing Conference, the Asia CCUS Network is very pleased to invite experts from the Department of Energy, United States of America (USDOE) to share their insights and experiences about CCUS development and policy to support the deployment of CCUS technology.
The ACN will be an active forum to bridge the knowledge gap on CCUS technologies, policy development to support the development and deployment of CCUS in Asia. Thus, this conference hosted in collaboration with IEA will help to bring in update knowledge, opportunity for investment in CCUS in Asia.
This is the 7th lesson the course - Climate Change & Global Environment taught at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities of the Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
What is carbon pricing? What is carbon tax? Is carbon tax suitable for Indonesia condition? Can we implement carbon tax in Indonesia? What are the challenges of carbon tax implementation in Indonesia?
Greenhouse Gas Accounting Scope 2 Guidance: New developments in corporate GHG accounting for electricity. Find out more and download guidance at http://www.ghgprotocol.org/scope_2_guidance
Presentation by Dr. Spencer Thomas, Grenadian climate change ambassador, at the workshop on " Scaling Up Adaptation: Strengthening alignment of the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process and the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) in Grenada" held in St. George’s, Grenada, on January 31 and February 1, 2019. This workshop was co-hosted by the NAP Global Network and the Grenadian Ministry of Climate Resilience, the Environment, Forestry, Disaster Management and Information, in collaboration with the Integrated Climate Change Adaptation Strategies (ICCAS) program.
My presentation at the "Third Annual Conference of the Transatlantic University Collaboration for Climate and Energy Law" on 28 April 2021 in Oslo https://www.jus.uio.no/nifs/english/research/events/2021/04-28-tucccel.html
“Change is the Law of Nature”.Climate Change is a reality. It has changed in Past, is changing in Present and will change in Future. The variation and shifts in weather conditions over space and time of different scales and magnitude resulting into
changes of Climatic Type is defined as Climate Change.
The factor that affect climate are,Continental drift,Variation in the earth’s orbit,Plate tectonics,Volcanic activity,Ocean currents,Greenhouse Gases,Atmospheric Aerosols etc. It effect climate in different ways such as Higher Temperatures,Changing Landscapes,Wildlife/Ecosystem at Risk,Ocean acidification /Rising Seas level,Increased Risk of Drought, Fire and Floods,Intensified Storms and Increased Storm Damages,Illness and Disease,Economic Losses,Agriculture Productivity/Food Security etc.
Presentation on IEA Net Zero Pathways/RoadmapIEA-ETSAP
Presentation on IEA Net Zero Pathways/Roadmap
Uwe Remme, IEA
16–17th november 2023, Turin, Italy, etsap meeting, etsap winter workshop, semi-annual meeting, november 2023, Politecnico di Torino Lingotto, Torino
Linking the energy crisis with climate change, Ritu Mathu, TERI University, I...ESD UNU-IAS
This lecture is part of the 2016 ProSPER.Net Young Researchers’ School on sustainable energy for transforming lives: availability, accessibility, affordability
What's in it for South Asia? Key findings from the IPCC's Fifth Assessment Re...CDKN
This presentation, What's in it for South Asia? Key findings evaluates what the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Fifth Assessment Report has to say about the future of South Asia's climate in a series of innovative infographics, key facts, statements and images.
This presentation is free to use by anyone for educational purposes. Please feel free to share the slideshow and help continue the discussion on climate change.
► EBOOK GRATUITO https://annacovone.it/
Se la presentazione ti è piaciuta scarica l’ebook gratuito, un ottimo punto di partenza per migliorare rapidamente le tue presentazioni.
Present vs. Future Climate: What Science tells Us?ipcc-media
Presentation given by Fredolin T. Tangang, Vice-Chair of the Working Group II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) during the EU Climate Diplomacy Day that was held at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia on 17 June 2015.
IPCC Fifth Assessment Report: Mitigation of Climate Changeipcc-media
IPCC Fifth Assessment Report: Mitigation of Climate Change by Renate Christ, Secretary of the IPCC, International Safranbolu Climate Change Conference, Safranbolu, Turkey, 25 March 2015
IPCC Fifth Assessment Report: Climate Change and Impacts ipcc-media
IPCC Fifth Assessment Report: Climate Change and Impacts by Renate Christ, Secretary of the IPCC, International Safranbolu Climate Change Conference, Safranbolu, Turkey, 25 March 2015
FICCI-IIFA Global Business Forum Presentation (April 24, 2014)Laura Lee Dooley
The presentation given by Dr. R.K. Pachauri at the FICCI-IIFA Global Business Forum 2014: "Indo-U.S. Partnership: A Catalyst for Economic Growth". This was a side event to the International Indian Film Academy (IIFA) Awards celebration held in Tampa, Florida in April, 2014.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
2. The IPCC Synthesis Report
➜ Integration of three Working Group Reports of
the 5th Assessment, 2013-2014
• WG I : The Physical Science Basis
• WGII: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
• WG III: Mitigation of Climate Change
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
3. The IPCC Synthesis Report
➜ Written by 60 authors from Working Group reports
➜ Chaired by the IPCC Chair R.K. Pachauri
➜ Member governments approved the SPM on 1st
November 2014 (total membership of IPCC is 195
governments)
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
4. Key Messages
➜ Human influence on the climate system is clear
➜ The more we disrupt our climate, the more we
risk severe, pervasive and irreversible impacts
➜ We have the means to limit climate change and
build a more prosperous, sustainable future
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
AR5 WGI SPM, AR5 WGII SPM, AR5 WGIII SPM
5. Humans are changing the climate
It is extremely likely that we are the dominant cause of warming
since the mid-20th century
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
Year
Globally averaged combined land and ocean surface
temperatures
AR5 WGI SPM
6. Temperatures continue to rise
Each of the past 3 decades has been successively warmer than
the preceding decades since 1850
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
Year
Globally averaged combined land and ocean surface
temperatures
AR5 WGI SPM
7. Oceans absorb most of the heat
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
➜ More than 90% of the
energy accumulating
in the climate system
between 1971 and
2010 has
accumulated in the
ocean
➜ Land temperatures
remain at historic
highs while ocean
temperatures
continue to climb AR5 SYR
11. GHG emissions growth between 2000 and 2010 has been
larger than in the previous three decades
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
AR5 WGIII SPM
12. Sources of emissions
Energy production remains the primary driver of GHG emissions
35%
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
24% 21% 14%
6.4%
2010 GHG emissions
Energy Sector
Agriculture,
forests and
other land uses
Industry Transport
Building
Sector
AR5 WGIII SPM
14. Some of the changes in extreme weather and climate events
observed since about 1950 have been linked to human influence
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
AR5 WGI SPM
15. Impacts are already underway
• Tropics to the poles
• On all continents and in the ocean
• Affecting rich and poor countries
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
AR5 WGII SPM
16. Projected climate changes
Continued emissions of greenhouse gases will cause further
warming and changes in the climate system
Oceans will continue to warm
during the 21st century
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
Global mean sea level will
continue to rise during the
21st century
Global glacier volume will
further decrease
It is very likely that the Arctic sea
ice cover will continue to shrink
and thin as global mean surface
temperature rises
AR5 WGI SPM
17. Potential Impacts of Climate Change
Food and water shortages
Increased poverty
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
Increased displacement of
people
Coastal flooding
AR5 WGII SPM
18. Climate Change Poses Risk for Food Production
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
AR5 SYR SPM
19. Stabilization of atmospheric concentrations requires moving away from the
baseline – regardless of the mitigation goal.
Based on Figure 6.7
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
AR5 WGIII SPM
20. Stabilization of atmospheric concentrations requires moving away from the
baseline – regardless of the mitigation goal.
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
~3°C
Based on Figure 6.7 AR5 WGIII SPM
21. Figure SPM.10,
A reader’s guide
From climate change
risks to GHG emissions
22. The risks from climate
change, assessed by the
WGII of the IPCC AR5, and
aggregated in five “Reasons
for Concerns”
Levels of risk across the Reasons
for Concern can be associated with
a level of global temperature
change.
Here shown for a warming by 2oC
23. The link between cumulative CO2 emissions
and global mean temperature
The pink plume is from WGI complex models.
It includes the uncertainty from non-CO2 gases and
climate and carbon cycle uncertainty, using the likely
range
24. The link between cumulative CO2 emissions
and global mean temperature
The ellipses show results from the WGIII models,
using a simple climate model. It does not include
climate and carbon cycle uncertainty, but explores
more comprehensively the scenario uncertainty from
a range of CO2 and non-CO2 pathways
25. Levels of risks can be connected to cumulative
CO2 emission levels, for the average climate
response, for high climate sensitivity (lower
cumulative emissions), and for low climate
sensitivity (higher cumulative emissions)
26. The link between changes in
annual GHG emissions by 2050
and the cumulative CO2
emissions of the WGIII scenario
categories
27. Levels of risks can now be
connected to GHG emission
changes by 2050. Added
uncertainty arises from action on
non-CO2 gases, timing of pre-2050
action, and ambition of post-2050
action.
28. The constraint on changes in GHG
emissions by 2050 depends on the
sensitivity of the climate response.
Here, with large climate sensitivity
29. The constraint on changes in GHG
emissions by 2050 depends on the
sensitivity of the climate response.
Here, with low climate sensitivity
30. Limiting Temperature Increase to 2˚C
Measures exist to achieve the substantial emissions reductions
required to limit likely warming to 2°C (40-70% reduction in GHGs
globally by 2050 and near zero GHGs in 2100)
A combination of adaptation and substantial, sustained reductions in
greenhouse gas emissions can limit climate change risks
Implementing reductions in greenhouse gas emissions poses
substantial technological, economic, social, and institutional
challenges
But delaying mitigation will substantially increase the
challenges associated with limiting warming to 2°C
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
AR5 WGI SPM, AR5 WGII SPM,AR5 WGIII SPM
31. Mitigation Measures
More efficient use of energy
Greater use of low-carbon and no-carbon energy
• Many of these technologies exist today
Improved carbon sinks
• Reduced deforestation and improved forest management
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
and planting of new forests
• Bio-energy with carbon capture and storage
Lifestyle and behavioural changes
AR5 WGIII SPM
32. Ambitious Mitigation Is Affordable
➜ Economic growth reduced by ~ 0.06%
(BAU growth 1.6 - 3%)
➜ This translates into delayed and not forgone
growth
➜ Estimated cost does not account for the
benefits of reduced climate change
➜ Unmitigated climate change would create
increasing risks to economic growth
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
AR5 WGI SPM, AR5 WGII SPM
33. The window for action is rapidly closing
65% of our carbon budget compatible with a 2°C goal already used
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
Amount Used
1870-2011:
1900
GtCO2
Amount
Remaining:
1000
GtCO2
Total Carbon
Budget:
2900
GtCO2
AR5 WGI SPM
34. The Choices We Make Will Create Different Outcomes
With substantial
mitigation
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
Without
additional
mitigation
Change in average surface temperature (1986–2005 to 2081–2100)
AR5 WGI SPM