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Mitigation of Climate Change
- 1. ©Ocean/Corbis CLIMATE CHANGE 2014 Mitigation of Climate Change Working Group III contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report
- 2. Working Group III contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report Five main options for reducing GHG emissions in the industry sector (considering also traded goods)
- 3. Working Group III contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report World production of minerals and manufactured products is growing steadily driving GHG emissions
- 4. Working Group III contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report Emissions from industry sector comprises direct and indirect emissions Total emissions of industry sector are 15.5 GtCO2eq in 2010 – they are larger than the emissions from either the buildings or transport sectors and represented just over 30% of global GHG emissions in 2010 Direct emissions from the sector are dominated by five main products
- 5. Working Group III contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report Significant mitigation potentials exist in various cost ranges including cost effectives measures (case study of steel)
- 6. Working Group III contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report Current investments in GHG mitigation measures focus on low cost measures (case study of India)
- 7. Working Group III contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report “ ” African countries have abundant opportunities to adopt clean, efficient low-carbon technologies and practices.
- 8. Working Group III contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report Industry : reduction scope • From a short and mid-term perspective – 25% through the wide-scale deployment of best available – Additional 20% through innovation • In the long-term a shift to low-carbon electricity, radical product innovations (e.g. alternatives to cement), or CCS (for process emissions) could contribute to significant (absolute) GHG emissions reductions • SMEs clusters can reduce energy and material consumption and thus GHG emissions • Waste reduction, followed by re-use, recycling and energy recovery
- 9. Working Group III contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report Food processing Energy Efficiency animal slaughtering (19%) corn milling (15%) fruit and vegetable preservation (14%) Emission Efficiency Moving out to Natural gas local sourcing vs long distance import Demand reduction without impacting wellbeing Through food waste reduction Fresh food rather than Refrigerated Reviewing food expiry dates change in dietary pattern :Meat and dairy product
- 10. Working Group III contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report Textile and Leather Industry Coal based plants: Changing to Natural gas Motors’ efficiency Boiler efficiency Less information on what is happening in African countries
- 11. ©Ocean/Corbis CLIMATE CHANGE 2014 Mitigation of Climate Change Working Group III contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report
Editor's Notes
- Figure 10.2 A schematic illustration of industrial activity over the supply chain. Options for climate change mitigation in the industry sector are indicated by the circled numbers: (1) Energy efficiency (e.g., through furnace insulation, process coupling, or increased material recycling); (2) Emissions efficiency (e.g., from switching to non-fossil fuel electricity supply, or applying CCS to cement kilns); (3a) Material efficiency in manufacturing (e.g., through reducing yield losses in blanking and stamping sheet metal or re-using old structural steel without melting); (3b) Material efficiency in product design (e.g., through extended product life, light-weight design, or de-materialization); (4) Product-Service efficiency (e.g., through car sharing, or higher building occupancy); (5) Service demand reduction (e.g., switching from private to public transport).
- Figure 10.3 World’s growth of main minerals and manufacturing products (1970=1). Sources: (WSA, 2012a; FAO, 2013; Kelly and Matos, 2013).
- Figure 10.4. Total global industry and waste/wastewater direct and indirect GHG emissions by source, 1970–2010 (GtCO2eq) (de la Rue du Can and Price, 2008; IEA, 2012a; JRC/PBL, 2012).(See also Annex II.9, Annex II.5) Global industry and waste/wastewater GHG emissions grew from 10.42 GtCO2eq in 1990 to 12.98 GtCO2eq in 2005 to 15.51 GtCO2eq in 2010. These emissions are larger than the emissions from either the buildings or transport end-use sectors and represent just over 30% of global GHG emissions in 2010 (just over 40% if AFOLU emissions are not included). These total emissions are comprised of: Direct energy-related CO2 emissions for industry (This also includes CO2 emissions from non-energy uses of fossil fuels) Indirect CO2 emissions from production of electricity and heat for industry Process CO2 emissions Non-CO2 GHG emissions Direct emissions for waste/wastewater
- This is an example from India to illustrate that developing countries are also spending on mitigation Figure 10.6. Range of unit cost of avoided CO2 emissions (USD2010/tCO2) in India. Source: Database of energy efficiency measures adopted by the winners of the National Awards on Energy Conservations for aluminium (26 measures), cement (42), chemicals (62), ISP: integrated steel plant (30), pulp and paper (46), and textile (75) industry in India during the period of 2007–2012 (BEE, 2012).