The document discusses feminism and the feminist movement. It defines feminism as the analysis and elimination of the global subordination of women. It outlines some of the history of feminism, including early conferences in the 1970s, the abolitionist and suffrage movements, and the first and second waves of feminist movements in the late 19th to early 20th centuries and 1960s-1990s respectively. It also discusses three types of feminism - liberal feminism which advocates extending rights to women, radical feminism which sees patriarchy as the root cause, and critical feminism which sees economic disparity and capitalism as causes of gender inequality.
The presentation is about FEMINISM. It also talks about the principles of the concept and it includes famous individuals behind the struggle of the feminists.
What is feminism? Ask ten people this question and you might get ten different answers. It’s not that I claim to have the one right answer but rather that I do have one I have settled on and I am pleased to share it with Ragged members.
My generation of women has seen enormous changes in our lives. I hardly recognise myself as the young woman who always sat quietly in one corner or another. To me, that is proof of feminism as an agent of personal growth and empowerment; one more reason to share what I know about it.
Feminism to me is a political sisterhood because it aims to challenge the dominant social force generally known as patriarchy. Some people get very precise and define it as capitalist patriarchy or imperialist capitalist patriarchy, even imperialist patriarchal capitalism. I suppose one’s view is always determined by where one stands.
For more information visit: https://www.raggeduniversity.co.uk/2018/09/18/14th-nov-2018-what-is-feminism-by-brigitte-lechner/
Feminism is a range of political movements, ideologies, and social movements that share a common goal: to define, establish, and achieve political, economic, personal, and social rights for women that are equal to those of men.[1][2] This includes seeking to establish equal opportunities for women in education and employment. Feminists typically advocate or support the rights and equality of women.
Feminism , a belief the political economic and cultural of women .7. Feminism is a collection of movements and ideologies aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights for women. This includes seeking to establish equal opportunities for women in education and employment. The history of the modern western feminist movements is divided into three "waves". Each Feminism is a perspective that is described as dealing with different aspects of explores the connectedness of the same feminist issues. The first wave refers concepts that other theorists simply do not discuss or even the movement of the 19th through early 20th contemplate. Centuries, which dealt mainly with suffrage, working conditions and educational rights for women and girls? The second wave (1960s-1980s) dealt with the inequality of laws, as well as cultural inequalities and the role of women in society. The third wave of feminism (late 1980s-early 2000s (decade)), is seen as both continuation of the second wave and a response to the perceived failures.
The presentation is about FEMINISM. It also talks about the principles of the concept and it includes famous individuals behind the struggle of the feminists.
What is feminism? Ask ten people this question and you might get ten different answers. It’s not that I claim to have the one right answer but rather that I do have one I have settled on and I am pleased to share it with Ragged members.
My generation of women has seen enormous changes in our lives. I hardly recognise myself as the young woman who always sat quietly in one corner or another. To me, that is proof of feminism as an agent of personal growth and empowerment; one more reason to share what I know about it.
Feminism to me is a political sisterhood because it aims to challenge the dominant social force generally known as patriarchy. Some people get very precise and define it as capitalist patriarchy or imperialist capitalist patriarchy, even imperialist patriarchal capitalism. I suppose one’s view is always determined by where one stands.
For more information visit: https://www.raggeduniversity.co.uk/2018/09/18/14th-nov-2018-what-is-feminism-by-brigitte-lechner/
Feminism is a range of political movements, ideologies, and social movements that share a common goal: to define, establish, and achieve political, economic, personal, and social rights for women that are equal to those of men.[1][2] This includes seeking to establish equal opportunities for women in education and employment. Feminists typically advocate or support the rights and equality of women.
Feminism , a belief the political economic and cultural of women .7. Feminism is a collection of movements and ideologies aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights for women. This includes seeking to establish equal opportunities for women in education and employment. The history of the modern western feminist movements is divided into three "waves". Each Feminism is a perspective that is described as dealing with different aspects of explores the connectedness of the same feminist issues. The first wave refers concepts that other theorists simply do not discuss or even the movement of the 19th through early 20th contemplate. Centuries, which dealt mainly with suffrage, working conditions and educational rights for women and girls? The second wave (1960s-1980s) dealt with the inequality of laws, as well as cultural inequalities and the role of women in society. The third wave of feminism (late 1980s-early 2000s (decade)), is seen as both continuation of the second wave and a response to the perceived failures.
1. Explain why the author (hooks) states that its hard to achie.docxstilliegeorgiana
1. Explain why the author (hooks) states that it's hard to achieve sisterhood? List some of the challenges to achieve sisterhood.
-Bell Hooks states that it’s hard to achieve sisterhood because “male supremacist ideology” encourages women to believe that they are useless and are only valuable when relating to or bonding with men. Women are taught that their “natural enemies” are themselves, and that “solidarity” will not exist because they cannot and should not bond with one another. Therefore relationships between other women are seen as less valuable and “diminish” rather than “enrich” their own experiences. Women are divided by sexist attitudes, racism, class privilege, and many other prejudices that seek to divide women and turn them against each other. As such, there can be no “mass-based movement” to end sexist oppression without women demonstrating that they are willing to work together and bond in order to achieve their cause. “Some feminists now feel that unity among women is impossible given our differences” (Hooks 44). The fact that many women (like the bourgeois white women) are “exploiting and oppressing other women” for their own gains is only hurting their cause and is giving men more power to control them. “According to Bourgeois women, the basis for bonding was shared victimization, hence the emphasis on common oppression” (Hooks 45). This meant that women had to be represented as “victims” in order to feel that the feminist movement was relevant to their lives. Bonding as “victims” created a situation in which “self-affirming women” (like black women) were often seen as having no place in the feminist movement. It was this logic that led many white women activists to abandon the feminist movement when they no longer embraced the “victim” identity. They cannot afford to see themselves solely as “victims” because it would be psychologically demoralizing for these women to bond with other women on the basis of “shared victimization” and under male patriarchy they would continue to devalue women who were outside of their group and continue to exercise their influence and power over their “allies”. For women to be able to make any kind of impact, on any social or political platform, they have to be able to bond and connect with each other on the basis of shared strengths and resources. It is this type of bonding that is the essence of Sisterhood.
2. Explain how the feminist movement has been shaped since 1960 (provide details in chronological order).
-During the 1960s, influenced and inspired by the Civil Rights Movement, women of all ages began to fight to secure a stronger role in American society. As members of groups like the National Organization for Women (NOW) asserted their rights and strove for equality for themselves and others, they upended many accepted norms and set groundbreaking social and legal changes in motion. Title VII is the section of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that prohibited discrimination in employm.
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The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
9. Definition
“Feminism is fundamentally rooted in an analysis
of the global subordination of women which can
occur economically, politically and socially and is
dedicated to its elimination”. (Beylis.p.191)
12. First-wave of
feminist movement
(1890’s to 1960)
Mary Wollstonecraft’s A
Vindication of the Rights
of Woman is regarded
as the earliest and the
foundation work of
feminist movement
13. First-wave of
feminist movement
The focus of the first
phrase of the
movement is on
acquisition of rights that
was reserved for men,
such as the right to
work and most
importantly, the right to
vote
1932 Soviet poster
for International
Women’s Day
15. •Second-wave feminism
also drew attention to the
issues of domestic
violence,and women's
shelters, and brought
about changes in custody
laws and divorce law.
Second-wave
16. UN Progress Report
Global Earning of Women was 24%
US Women’s Earning was 78% of
Every Dollar
African American’s Earning was 64%
of every Dollar
Latinas women earned 56%
The worldwide earning of women was
75 of unpaid labour in the home
In 2015 eleven women remained head
of state while 60% remained illiterate.
18. Liberal Feminism
Liberal Feminist theorist advocate that the rights and
presentation conventionally granted to men be extended
to women.
It focuses on the change of institutions to increase
women representation at national and international
governance.
While it also demand changes in laws and allow
women’s participation.
Inequality and discrimination among women are the
root cause of violence. There exist gender inequality
which can be ended when women get the same rights as
men, through legal, political, educational and other
reforms within the existing system.
19. Radical Feminism
Men are responsible for benefits from
exploitation of women
They held Patriarchy responsible
Radical Feminist demand the over throw of
Patriarchy rather than reformatory changes
within the system
They try to develop sisterhood
20. Critical Feminism
Patriarchy is the social cause
Economic disparity is the mean cause
They support Marxist theories
Oppose Capitalism
the Cause of gender inequality is Paid and
Unpaid labour
Devaluation of women’s work
to change the society as whole
Improve condition of individuals