India is facing scarcity of feed and fodder for feeding of livestock and poultry, which limits livestock productivity. Feed and Fodder development Platform is very essential to deal with scarcity of quality feed and fodder in Livestock. Accelerated fodder production and their preservation, collection, storage and utilization of agro-industrial by-products like rice and wheat straw using bailing, cubing etc. and fodder bank may help in dealing with scarcity of fodder. Ration balancing at farmer`s doorstep, regular quality of feed and fodder will be very helpful in sustaining livestock productivity.

1. Feed and Fodder Development
Platform in Bihar
Dr. Pankaj Kumar Singh
Head (Animal Nutrition)
Bihar Animal Sciences University, Patna, Bihar (India)
E-mail: vetpank@gmail.com; Mob.: +91-7909079625
Draft Proposal
for

2. Rationale
• Livestock is the major source of livelihood and potential source of rural employment in
the state.
• An acute shortage of fodder in the state of Bihar, is a major constraint in optimizing
productivity of the animals.
• Need to develop strategies for the Bihar State to deal with scarcity and quality of feed
and fodder.
• Priority on “ Development of Feed and Fodder Platform in Bihar” is given
• A DPR on Feed and Fodder platforms defining the doable action points with
monitorable targets, stakeholders and their role has to be developed for Bihar.

3. Proposed Activities
green fodder production
Activity-I Establishment of State Level Feed Analytical Laboratory
Activity-II Establishment of compound feed manufacturing units for cattle,
poultry and fish
Activity-III Augmenting green fodder production and its processing
Activity-IV Utilization of Crop Residue and Agro-industrial by-products
Activity-V Establishment of Fodder Banks
Activity-VI Advisory on feed formulation, Balance feeding and methane
mitigation

4. Activity-I: Establishment of State Level Feed Analytical Laboratory
Objectives Monitorable target
Estimated
Budget
Time
frame
Stakeholder Expected Outcomes
• To establish a
state level feed
analytical
laboratory
• To assess the
nutritional
quality of feed
and fodder
• To impart
training on feed
testing
• Establishment of an
advanced feed analytical
laboratory at Bihar Animal
Sciences University, Patna
• Analysis of feed samples
received from different
organizations, feed
manufacturers, farmers
etc. on routine basis
• Provide training on feed
analysis to students,
researchers, technical
persons etc.
939.00
lakhs
05 years
• BASU, Patna
(Perform
analysis and
reporting)
• AFRD, Bihar &
COMFED
(Provide
samples for
analysis on
routine basis)
 Quality assurance
of feed and fodder
 Increase
productivity of the
Livestock
 Awareness &
knowledge
enhancement in
feed quality
 Human resource
development

5. Detail of Equipments:
Name of Equipments Amount
(In Lakhs)
Name of Equipments Amount
(In Lakhs)
Hot Air Oven ( 2 Nos.) 4.00 Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy
with digester (ICP-MS)
180.00
Muffle furnace ( 2 Nos.) 8.00 Adiabatic Bomb Calorimeter 50.00
Soxtec unit 10.00 Cyclotec mill 5.00
Protein Analyzer 45.00 Sonicator 5.00
Titration Unit 5.00 Membrane filter unit with vacuum pump 3.00
Fibre analyzer 10.00 UV Visible Spectrophotometer 12.00
Amino acid analyzer 50.00 Triple Distillation Plant (2 Nos.) 10.00
Centrifuge (cooling) 8.00 Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
(GC-MS)
150.0
Incubator-cum-Shaker 14.00 Mycotoxin analyzer 35.00
Rotary Vacuum Evaporation System 16.00 HPLC advance version 90.00
Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) 50.00 Other Minor Equipments 20. 00
Sub-Total (A) 220.00 Sub-Total (B) 520.00
Total = 220+520=740 Lakhs

6. Estimated Budget Details
Sl. Variables Details Estimated
Cost (Lakhs)
1. Feed Analytical Laboratory Building 60 x 40 sq. ft. 40.00
2. Purchase of various equipment Nitrogen analyser, Soxtech, Fibratech,
Amino acid analyser, Cyclotech mill,
Mycotoxin analyser, Bomb calorimeter,
Hot Air Oven, Muffle furnace, ICP-MS,
HPLC, GC-MS, etc.
740.00
3. Commissioning and installation of
equipments, furniture & fixtures etc.
-- 12.00
4. Computer and peripherals, Power
backup
Desktop Computer and printers (5 nos.),
Xerox machine, Online UPS, Diesel
Generator etc.
15.00
Total 807.00
A. Non-recurring

7. B. Recurring Budget
SN Particulars Per Year expenditure
(Lakh)
Estimated Expenditure
for 5 years (lakh)
Chemicals, glassware & lab
consumables
@8.0 40.00
Miscellaneous @4.0 20.00
Technical staff - 02 @45000/month = 10.80 54.00
Lab attendant - 02 @15000/month = 3.60 18.00
Total 132.00
Grand Total = A+B = 807 + 132 = 939.00 lakhs

8. Actionable Points: Feed analysis and reporting
Variables Time
1. Proximate feed analysis Within 3 days
3. Minerals Within 5 days
4. Vitamins Within 5 days
5. Amino-acids Within 7 days
6. Fatty acid Within 7 days
7. Mycotoxins Within 7 days
8. Adulterants Within 7 days
9. Anti-nutritional profile Within 7 days
10. Report Writing Within 7-10 days

9. Activity II: Establishment of Compound Feed Manufacturing Units for
Cattle, Poultry & Fish
Objectives Monitorable target
Budget
(Lakh)
Time
frame
Stakeholder
Expected
Outcomes
• To establish
compound feed
manufacturing
units in Bihar state
for ensuring
quality compound
feed for cattle,
poultry, and fish
• To impart
teaching, training
and demonstration
and sustaining
university farms
• Establishment of one
Pellet feed making plant
(Capacity: 10 tons/ hour)
• Establishment of two
Pellet feed making plant
(Capacity: 2 tons/ hour)
- One at BVC, Patna
- One at CoF/ CoVS,
Kishanganj
01 feed
plant @ 500
lakhs)
02 feed
plant @150
lakh each)
Total: 800
lakhs
05
years
• AFRD, Bihar
(Production and
distribution of
compounded
feed to farmers)
• BASU, Patna
(Production and
utilization for
own farm.
Teaching,
training and
demonstration
etc.)
 Quality &
economical
feed for cattle,
poultry and fish
in Bihar
 Strengthening
teaching and
training
facilities and
supporting
university
farms.
 Employment
generation

10. Activity-III: Augmenting green fodder production and its processing
Objectives Monitorable target
Budget
(Lakh)
Time
frame
Stakeholder
Expected
Outcomes
• To increase fodder
production to
meet out the
demand of green
fodder in Bihar
state
• To provide
logistic support
viz. improved
seed, fertilizers,
farm implements,
irrigation facilities
etc.
• To ensure round
the year green
fodder availability
• Improved quality fodder seed
production/ procurement &
distribution to the end user
To be
mentioned
by the
state govt.
05
years
• AFRD, Bihar
&
Agriculture
Department,
Bihar will be
the key
stakeholders
to execute the
monitorable
targets.
 Availability
of sufficient
feed and
fodder for
livestock
 Increase in
fodder
production
to ensure
round the
year green
fodder
availability
for livestock
• Introduction/adoption of high
yielding variety of fodder
• Utilization of fallow
land/bund for cultivation of
perennial grasses and fodder
trees
• Cultivation and utilization of
unconventional feed resources
(Azolla, Moringa, vegetable
waste, etc.) as livestock feed

11. Objectives Monitorable target
Estimated
Budget (Lakh)
Time
frame
Stakeholder
Expected
Outcomes
• To preserve
green fodder as
silage for animal
feeding
• To use silage as
feed resource
during scarcity
period
• To impart
training for
human resource
development on
silage
preparation
• Provisioning of 10
silage making
machine and
implements each in 1st
and 3nd year for
making silage bales
(Cap:1.5 ton/hour)
• Provide training on
silage making and
quality evaluation to
farmers, unemployed
youth, entrepreneurs
etc.
20 silage
making
machine @ 30
lakh each
having
capacity of
producing bale
size of 50 kg
Total cost:
600 lakhs
05 years • BAU, Sabour;
DRPCAU,
Samastipur;
ICAR-RCER,
Patna will
provide advisory
regarding good
quality fodder
seed & other
needed technical
inputs.
• BASU, Patna
will provide
training, analysis
and technical
inputs.
 Increased
availability
of processed
green fodder
to the
livestock
during
scarcity
period
Contd……...

12. Activity-IV: Processing and Utilization of Crop Residue and Agro-industrial
by-products
Objectives Monitorable target
Budget
(Lakh)
Time
frame
Stakeholder
Expected
outcomes
• To process and
utilize crop residue
as livestock feed
• To exploit the use
Agro-industry by
products in animal
feeding
• To impart training
for human resource
development on
processing
technology of crop
residue
 Baling and cubing of rice and
wheat straw, maize stover
using baler at farmer`s field
level
 Provision of 10 baling
machine and implements each
in 1st year, 2nd year and 3rd year
450 lakhs
(30 baling
machine@
15.0 Lakh
each)
05 years • AFRD, Bihar &
Agriculture
Department, Bihar
will be the key
stakeholders to
execute the
monitorable targets.
• BAU, Sabour;
DRPCAU,
Samastipur; ICAR-
RCER, Patna &
BASU, Patna will
provide advisory,
training, analysis
and technical inputs
 Ensure the
availability of
dry fodder
throughout
the years
especially
during
scarcity
period
 Quality
improvement
of crop
residue for
better
utilization
 Establishment of 10
Compressed Complete Feed
Block (CCFB) units each in 1st
year and 3rd year
400 lakhs
(20 CCFB @
20.0 Lakh
each)
05 years
 Training to farmers,
unemployed youth,
entrepreneurs etc. Processing
of crop residue

13. Activity-V: Establishment of Fodder Banks
Objectives Monitorable target
Budget
(Lakh)
Time
frame
Stakeholder Expected Outcomes
• To store dry and
preserved fodder
for fulfilling the
nutritional
requirement of
livestock in
rational manner.
• To ensure the
fodder
availability
during scarcity
• Establishment of 20
fodder banks initially
in Bihar in safe
locations to store
processed fodder.
• Storage of fodder
resources like bale
and cubes of rice and
wheat straw, stovers,
silage, CCFB etc.
• Creation of a common
platform for farmer
to sell and purchase
fodder
To be
mentioned
by the
state govt.
05
years
• AFRD, Bihar &
Agriculture
Department,
Bihar will be
the key
stakeholders to
execute the
monitorable
targets.
• As design and
specifications
provided by
DRPCAU/
BAU, Bihar
 Fodder security
during scarcity
period to maintain
livestock
productivity and
health
 Minimization of
market rate
fluctuation of
fodder to
economize livestock
production
 Employment
generation

14. Objectives Monitorable target
Budget
(Lakh)
Time
frame
Stakeholder Expected Outcomes
• To provide
advisory to
farmers for
balanced feeding
of livestock,
poultry and fish
• To utilize the
measures for
mitigation of
Methane
emission from
livestock
• Advisory on feed formulation
for balanced feeding
• Development of a mobile App
on feed formulation focused
in context of Bihar
• Use of various technologies
available with ICAR instt.
and SVUs for climate resilient
animal production for
improving carbon foot print
• Providing advisory through
different modes like training,
demonstration, pamphlet,
leaflets etc.
10.00
lakhs
05
years
• AFRD, Bihar
will help in
extension
activities and
dissemination
at end users.
• BASU, Patna
will provide
advisory,
training,
literature,
mobile App
etc.
 Least cost ration
formulation to
minimize the
production cost
 Awareness on balanced
feeding for improved
livestock productivity
& methane reduction
 Improvement in socio-
economic of farmers
Activity-VI: Advisory on Feed Formulation, Balance Feeding & Methane
Mitigation