session1-2.ppt Natural farming and organic farming

1. Research Initiatives and Future Strategies
to promote Natural Farming-BPKP
DARE - ICAR

2. Forms of Bharatiya Prakritik Krishi Paddhati (BPKP)
1. Organic farming / Jaivik Kheti / Jaivik Krishi
• Avoiding or largely excluding synthetics in farming
• Meets International Standards
• 1.6 % area of net cultivated area (2020) to 4 % by
2025
• Rs 4500 crores worth products are exported
2. Natural farming
• Use of locally prepared cow based products
(Beejamrit, Jeevamrit, Ghanjeevamrit & others),
Acchdhana, Whapasa and intercropping
• Jeevamrit to ensure high soil biological activity
• Recycling of biomass, diversified crop stand, cattle
urine and slurry
3. Biodynamic farming
• Making life giving compost from dead material
• Cowpat pit manures such as BD-500 to 507

3. 4. Rishi krishi
• Drawn from Vedas
• 15 kg/ha of virgin rhizopheric soil from banyan tree
• Amritpani (ghee, cowdung, honey, water) and virgin
soil
• Beej sanskar (seed treatment), Bhumi sanskar (soil
application) and Padap sanskar (foliar spray)
5. Panchagavya krishi
• Prepared from five products of cow: dung, urine,
milk, curd and ghee
• Enrichment of soil, induce plant vigour with quality
production
6. Natueco farming
• Neighborhood Resource Enrichment' by `Additive
Regeneration' rather than through dependence on
external, commercial inputs.
• Soil – Enrichment, Roots - Development and Canopy
- management
Sesame
Sword bean
Mungbean
Pigeonpea
Horsegram
Urdbean
Ragi
Chickpea
Forms of Bharatiya Prakritik Krishi Paddhati (BPKP)

4. 7. Homa farming
• You heal the atmosphere, and the healed
atmosphere will heal you
• Spiritual practice that dates from the Vedic
period
• Ash that results from the puja is used to
energise composts, plants, animals etc
8. Permaculture / eco-agriculture
• Agro-ecological principles
• Earthworm and soil bio-diversity development
• Sustainability
“Science led promotion of different forms of BPKP (Natural
Farming) including Organic Farming is essential”
Forms of Bharatiya Prakritik Krishi Paddhati (BPKP)

5. ICAR-All India Network Programme on Organic Farming (AI-NPOF)
• 2003-04 (13 centres)
• 2015-16 (20 centres)
• 16 states
• 11 SAU’s
• 7 ICAR institutes
• 1 Special Heritage University
• 10 ACZ’s
• 12 AERs
Proposed to be upgraded in the next SFC
• AICRP on Organic and Natural Farming
• 35 centres including 8 out-reach centres
• 24 States
• 17 SAUs, 8 ICAR institutes, 1 CAU & 3 other institutions

6. Achievements of AI-NPOF
• Characterized microbes
from indigenous
preparations (Shasyagavya,
Panchagavya, Kunapajala,
Ghanjeevamrit & Jeevamrit)
• Evaluated different forms of
BPKP (Panchagavya &
biodynamic Krishi, Natural
farming study in progress)
• Characterized with geo-
tagging of organic (3,331
farmers) and Natural
farming (51 + 30 farmers)
from 16 States/UTs
• Yield gap of 30 major crops analysed
• Yield gap: ranged from 4 % in Garlic to
50 % in mustard

7. Characterization of Natural farming Inputs
a. Free living N fixers
b. P-SBs
c. K-SBs
Bacillus arvabhattai
Peudomonas protegens
Aeromonas salmonicida
Ochrobactrum haematophilum
Bacillus subtilis
Pseudomonas azotoformans
Bacillus subtilis
Pseudomonas azotoformans
Bacillus cereus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Bacillus paramycoides
Bacillus cereus
Bacillus circulans
Lysinibacillus macrolides

8. Evaluation of Natural Farming Concoctions
Change in yield under NF over established management packages (4 locations)

9. Particulars Conventional
Farming
SPNF Percentage deviation
Cost of cultivation (Rs.) 39149 47991 + 22.58 %
Rice yield (kg /ha) 5926 4835 -18.41 %
Gross Returns(Rs.) 86613 81331 -6.09 %
B C Ratio 2.22 1.70 -23.42 %
Andhra Pradesh (Vizianagarm)
• 30 each SPNF and Conventional farmers (study undertaken through OFR centre,
AICRP-IFS at ANGRAU

10. Identification of varieties for Organic Production System
• Cereals: Coarse rice, basmati
rice, durum wheat, maize
• Pulses : chickpea
• Oilseeds: Groundnut, mustard,
soybean
• Vegetables: Tomato, pea, okra,
cauliflower, french bean
• Spices: Turmeric
Yield : 3.7 t/ha Yield : 5.3 t/ha
Yield : 17.5 t/ha

11. Achievements of AI-NPOF
• Developed PoPs for organic production of 51 cropping systems suitable to 12 States.
• 28 cropping systems/crops in 3 states through PoPs developed by the respective
institutes /SAUs documented.
• 7 Integrated Organic Farming System models established in 6 States. About 80 % of
inputs can be generated within the farm thus reducing the cost significantly.
• Uploaded in DAC website for use through PKVY and MOVCD-NEH schemes.
• 74 Certified Farm Advisors on Organic Farming from 18 States trained in
collaboration with MANAGE.

12. Total Input
(Rs) 108800
Net Return
Rs. 1,09,360
B:C Ratio
2.03
Crops
+
Horticulture
+
Livestock
IOFS model of 0.5 ha (Sikkim)
Timpyem (44 HH) & Nandek (228 HH) in East Sikkim
Manure
production
(FYM)
(6.3 t)
Vermicom-
post
(3.1 t)
80% of inputs requirement can be produced on-farm through IOFS

13. Creation of organic farming clusters
• Organic Farming cluster established in 3 States Meghalaya
(Mynsain), Tamil Nadu (Manar) and Sikkim (Timpyem &
Nandek)
• Sale outlet created in the National Highway in Meghalaya
• Manar Vanadesa Organic farmers’ association formed in
Tamil Nadu.

14. Technological backstopping for MOVCD-NER (12-14 May 2020)
Around 1 lakh farmers having 70,000 ha area have been
federated into 130 FPOs under MOVCD-NER
Demonstration clusters of organic
farming developed by ICAR under AI-
NPOF shall be utilized by FPOs for
capacity building and to stimulate
behavioral change in farmers for on-
farm input generation. New clusters
could be developed in FPOs if funding
is provided.

15. 1. Geo-tagged survey from natural farming farmers field (16 States)
2. Detailed characterization of inputs (Jeevamrit, Ghanjeevamrit, Beejamrit, Agniastra,
Neemaster, Brahmaster) at selected locations (Narendrapur, Coimbatore, Udaipur,
Ludhiana and Calicut)
3. Evaluation of Natural Farming Practices in different agro-ecology” (19 locations in 15
States)
4. Addition of natural farming inputs in the existing long-term experiment on comparative
evaluation of different production systems (20 locations in 16 States)
5. Validation of natural farming practices in farmers’ field under SCSP / STC sub plans (7
locations in 7 States)
Research initiatives on BPKP-Natural Farming
(from kharif 2020)
Natural Farming (Ludhiana) ICM with pest management through NF inputs

16. Multi-location study on Natural Farming (from kharif 2020)
Cropping system (8) State / UT Number of
locations
Maize +cowpea (fodder) ( 1:1) at 60 cm-
wheat + chickpea (1:1)
Uttar Pradesh, Punjab &
Uttarakhand
3
Cotton (MCU-13) +green gram (DGGV 2)
(1:1) at 60 cm-- rabi sorghum +chickpea
(1:1) at 45 cm.
Karnataka & Tamil Nadu 2
Soybean +maize (4:1) at 30 and 60 cm -
wheat+mustard (8:2) at 22.5 cm.
Chhattisgarh & Madhya Pradesh 3
Rice +dhaincha --maize+cowpea (fodder) Jharkhand and Maharashtra 2
Turmeric + cowpea (1:1)—green gram Kerala and Meghalaya 2
Cassava +vegetable cowpea
(1:1) at 90 X 90 cm - greengram
Kerala 1
Cowpea + maize (fodder) (4:2)—
fennel+cabbage (2:1)
Gujarat & Rajasthan 3
Soybean+maize for grain (2:1)—vegetable
pea+ green coriander (2:1)
Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim &
Uttarakhand
3

17. Detailed characterization of inputs (Jeevamrit, Ghanjeevamrit, Beejamrit, Agniastra,
Neemaster, Brahmaster)
Source of ingredient Material NF inputs to be prepared
2020-21
Native breed cow Urine and dung (NB) Beejamrit = 3 types
Holstein Friesian cow Urine and dung (HF) Ghanjeevamrit = 3 types
Mixed urine and dung of
Native and HF breeds
(Mixed)
Jeevamrit = 3 types
Characterization: 9 treatments X 3 replications = 27 samples
Individual ingredient and also final product should be characterized
2021-22
Characterization of other inputs such as Agniaster, Neemaster and Brahmaster

18. Future Strategies
• Upgradation of AI-NPOF to AICRP on Organic and Natural Farming
• Characterization, validation and refinement of indigenous technical knowledge and
preparations
• Development of resource specific PoPs for BPKP
• Re-designing of existing package for improving the yield of rabi crops
• Technologies / packages for improving the yield of crops during conversion period
especially in high input areas
• Assessment of social impact of organic farming promoted in niche areas
• National Digital Repository on BPKP
• PG Research Fellowship on BPKP through research scheme (AICRP on ONF)
• Skill and entrepreneurship development for rural youth and farmers
• Scaling up of developed IOFS models with Central and State Agencies

19. Committee Constituted for “Empirically Validating the Results of SPNF Model”
Terms of Reference
• Review the research results of SPNF (earlier known as ZBNF) work carried out
at different Institutions of State Agricultural Universities, ICAR Institutes and
also under All India Network Programme on Organic Farming and make
suitable recommendations on SPNF including future research strategies.
• Examination of merits and demerits of Subhash Palekar Natural Farming
(SPNF) practices through field visit and stakeholder interactions to suggest
measures for validation of results at research farms and in farmers’ field.
• Examine the expected impact of promoting SPNF in large scale on soil health,
productivity, food production, livelihood and sustainability of agriculture in
India.
• Make suitable suggestions for converging the scientific organic farming
practices with that of SPNF.
Committee collected the data / information from various States with the involvement of all stake
holders. Report finalization is under progress

20. Thank You