This document outlines Dr. Mufti Muhammad Wasie Fasih Butt's presentation on the Islamic principles of fasting (Saum) during Ramadan. It discusses the virtues and importance of fasting, obligations and exemptions. Regarding exemptions, it focuses on sickness, travelling, pregnancy/breastfeeding, and senility/old age. It emphasizes consulting medical opinion for those with illnesses and balancing religious and health considerations. The goal is for patients to gain spiritual rewards while prioritizing their well-being.
New Edited and updated slides.
Ruku by Ruku pointers.
Flow charts and action pointers added.
Self Evaluation chart added
Virtues and duas and much more!
New Edited and updated slides.
Ruku by Ruku pointers.
Flow charts and action pointers added.
Self Evaluation chart added
Virtues and duas and much more!
New Edited and updated slides.
Ruku by Ruku pointers.
Flow charts and action pointers added.
Self Evaluation chart added
Virtues and duas and much more!
New Edited and updated slides.
Section by Section pointers.
Flow charts and action pointers added.
Self Evaluation chart added
Virtues and duas and much more!
“O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed to you as it was prescribed to those before you,
so that you may learn self restraint.” (Surah Al-Baqarah; Ayat-183.)
Surah Al-Fatiha is one of the most profound Surah's of the Quran. It is the opening Surah of the Quran; the Surah without which Salah is invalid.
This is a quick presentation that will detail all the gems that are hidden in this amazing Surah.
New Edited and updated slides.
Ruku by Ruku pointers.
Flow charts and action pointers added.
Self Evaluation chart added
Virtues and duas and much more!
New Edited and updated slides.
Section by Section pointers.
Flow charts and action pointers added.
Self Evaluation chart added
Virtues and duas and much more!
“O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed to you as it was prescribed to those before you,
so that you may learn self restraint.” (Surah Al-Baqarah; Ayat-183.)
Surah Al-Fatiha is one of the most profound Surah's of the Quran. It is the opening Surah of the Quran; the Surah without which Salah is invalid.
This is a quick presentation that will detail all the gems that are hidden in this amazing Surah.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
9. Threat For Missing Obligatory Fast
•
ِ َ
اّلل ُلوُسَر َلاَق َلاَق ،َةَْريَرُه يِبَأ ْنَع
وسلم عليه هللا صلى
"
ْنَم
ُر ِ
ْريَغ ْنِم َانَضَمَر ْنِم اًم ْوَي َرَطْفَأ
ُ َ
اّلل اَهَصَخَر ٍةَصْخ
ْمَل ُهَل
ِ
رْهَدال ُماَي ِ
ص ُهْنَع ِ
ضْقَي
"
.
• Narrated Abu Hurayrah Radiallahu anhu:
• The Holy Prophet ( )ﷺsaid: If anyone breaks/misses his fast one
day in Ramadan without a concession granted to him by Allah,
a perpetual fast will not atone for it. (Sunan Abi Dawud : 2396)
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
10. Threat For Breaking Obligatory Fast
• Abu Umaamah al-Baahili Radiallahu anhu narrated I heard the Messenger of
Allaah ( )ﷺ say:
• “Whilst I was sleeping two men came to me and took my by the arm and
brought me to a cragged mountain. They said, ‘Climb up.’ I said, ‘I cannot.’
They said, ‘We will make it easy for you.’ So I climbed up until I was at the top
of the mountain. Then I heard loud voices. I said, ‘What are these voices?’
They said, ‘This is the howling of the people of Hell.” Then I was taken until I
saw people hanging by their hamstrings, with the sides of their mouths torn
and blood pouring from their mouths.’ I said, ‘Who are these?’ He said:
ُرِطْفُيَو َونُموُصَي َينِذَّلا ِالءُؤَه
ْوَص ِةَّل ِحَت َلْبَق َون
ْمِهِم
‘These are people who broke
their fast before it was time.’”
(Ibn Khuzaymah (1986) and Ibn Hibbaan (7491)
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
13. Conditions for Fasting
Conditions 1- Spiritual and Mental
Qualifications
Muslim
Have Capacity (Aaqil)
To be Mature (Baaligh)
Conditions 2- Physical
Qualifications
Healthy
Resident
Conditions 3-
Qualifications of Purity
Free from
Menstruation
(Haydh) and
Post-natal
Bleeding (Nifaas)
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
14. Exemptions From Fasting
• 1 – Sickness
• 2 – Travelling
• 3 – Pregnancy and breastfeeding
• 4 – Senility and old age
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
18. To fast or not to fast?
1. Individual
Experience
2. Religious
Principles
3. Medical
Opinion
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
19. Patients perspective
The patient may leave fasting if
1. Advised by a reliable pious muslim medical opinion
2. Previous experience of worsening of symptoms
3. Clear and unmistakable signs
َجُم ُْريَغ ُداَهِتْج ِ
االَو ِ
يض ِرَمْلا ِداَهِتْاجِب َكِلَذ ُةَف ِ
رْعَم َّمث
َارَمَأ َْنع ٍنَظ ُةَبَلَغ َوُه ْلَب ِمْهَوْلا ِدَّر
ٍة
ْوَأ ٍةَب ِ
رْجَت ْوَأ
ِقْسِفْلا ِ
رِهاَظ ِْريَغ ٍمِلْسُم ٍبيِبَط ِ
ارَبْخِإِب
(
الهندية الفتاوى
)
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
20. A Doctor Should Know:
Religious
• The conditions of fasting
• The exemptions from this obligation
• The procedures and treatments which invalidate the fast.(Latest fatwas)
• The consequences and compensation of missing/breaking of a fast. ( Fidya & qada)
Medical
• The research based medical principles of safe fasting
• Adjustment of drug dosage/ frequency
Psychological
• The satisfaction level of his patients
• Motivational boosters/ stuff for fasting.
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
22. 2. Senility and Old Age
• Refers to:
• one who is too old and has lost his strength of fasting,
• who is approaching death, so that every day he becomes weaker,
who is suffering from a terminal or incurable illness and has no
hope of recovery.
ِْخيَّشال
يِناَفْلا
َوُهَو
ِيذَّلا
َّلُك
ٍم ْوَي
يِف
ٍ
صْقَن
ىَلإ
ْنَأ
َوتُمَي
َيِمُسَو
ِهِب
اَّمإ
؛
ُهَّنَ ِ
ِل
َبُرَق
ْنِم
َفْلا
ِاءَن
ْوَأ
؛
ُهَّنَ ِ
ِل
ْتَيِنَف
ُهُتَّوُق
اَمَّنِإَو
ُهْتَم ِ
زَل
ِ
ارَبِتْعاِب
ِهِدوُهُش
ِ
ْرهَّشلِل
ىَّتَح
ْوَل
َلَّمَحَت
َةَّقَشَمْلا
َماَصَو
ََانك
ِدَؤُم
اًي
اَمَّنِإَو
َحيِبُأ
ُهَل
ُرْطِفْلا
ِلْجَ ِ
ِل
ِجَرَحْلا
ُهُرُْذعَو
َ
ْسيَل
ِ
ضَرَعِب
ِلاَوَّالز
ىَّتَح
َارَصُي
َلإ
ى
ِاءَضَقْلا
َبَجَوَف
ُةَيْدِفْلا
ُِلكِل
ٍم ْوَي
ِن
َْفص
ٍاعَص
ْنِم
ٍ
رُب
ْوَأ
ٍبيِبَز
ْوَأ
ًاعاَص
ْنِم
ٍ
رْمَت
ْوَأ
ٍ
يرِعَش
ِةَقَدَصَك
ِ
رْطِفْلا
(
البحر
الرائق
)
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
23. 3. Pregnancy or Breastfeeding
•
ِ َّ
اّلل ُلوُسَر َ
صَّخَر َلاَق ،ٍكِلاَم ِنْب ِ
سَنَأ َْنع
َّلا ىَلْبُحْلِل وسلم عليه هللا صلى
يِت
ِع ِ
ضْرُمْلِلَو َرِطْفُت ْنَأ اَهِسْفَن ىَلَع ُافَخَت
اَهِدَلَو ىَلَع ُافَخَت يِتَّلا
.
• Narrated Anas bin Malik radiallahu anhu said:
• “The Messenger of Allah ( ﷺ )granted a concession to
pregnant women who fear for themselves, allowing them
not to fast, and to nursing mothers who fear for their
infants.” (Sunan Ibn Majah 1668)
• Fasting is generally allowed during pregnancy or breast
feeding as any other sickness.
• One only leaves fasting if there is good reason to fear
harm for the mother or baby–based on experience; or
reliable Muslim medical opinion (Ibn Abidin, Radd al-Muhtar)
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
24. 4. Travelling
Permitted to miss the fast.
Preferable to fast in
comfortable journey
“Travelling” in this context
is the same as that of salat.
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
25. Atonement and expiation?
What is Qadha
Making up for a missed fast of
Ramadan on another day
other than ramadan
What is Fidyah?
(atonement)
When someone cannot fast in
Ramadan and can’t make up
the lost days afterwards (for
example, due to chronic
severe ill health or frailty) they
should then pay for a meal or
cash equal to sadqa fitir to a
poor
What is Kaffarah?
(expiation)
the compensation paid if
deliberately break a fast in the
month of Ramadan without a
valid reason. – fast for 60
consecutive fasts , if not
possible, then feed poor 2
meals for 60 days.
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
27. • Missing a fast
• Breaking an optional ( nafil)
fast
• Breaking the Ramadan fast
for a valid Shariah reason
Qada
only
• Breaking the obligatory
Ramadan fast without a valid
reason
Kaffarah
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
29. Basic Shariah Principles
• Fasting means to avoid food, drink and sexual intercourse
from the dim beginning of dawn to sunset.
• When any liquid, food or medicine reaches through a
qualified passage/ opening المعتبر المنفذ and settles in one of
the three considered qualified cavities ( المعتبر )الجوفof the
human body viz. the throat, the stomach, the intestines, the
fast will be nullified
• Holy Prophet ( ﷺ ) used to take bath ( Sahih Bukhari) and applied
surma/kuhl (antimony) during the fast (Sunan Abu Dawood)
• That Substance must remain in the body.
• Removal of something from the body does not invalidate the
fast ( الفطر
مما وليس دخل مما
خرج
الکبری السنن )
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
31. Agent Invalidate Reason
Skin Acupuncture No nothing entering from an invalidating entry point.
Creams/ lotions No Pores are not an invalidating entry point
Gastrostomy/ PEG Yes Enters invalidating cavity
Injections / Fluids No not an invalidating entry point
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
32. Agent Invalidate Reason/Condition
Ear/ Nose /
Throat/
Eyes
Inhaler/ nebulisers Yes Medicine enters the gullet from the mouth
Vomiting Yes/No Invalidate if deliberately swallows a mouthful vomit or
deliberately vomit a mouthful
Endoscopy (gastroscopy) Yes Water or solution sprayed into the throat and gel on
scope
Lighting incense No unless one inhales the visible fumes intentionally
Nose spray / Nasal drops Yes Water or medicine via invalidating entry point reaches
invalidating cavity .
Smoking Yes Particles reaches an invalidating entry point
Oxygen Mask/ETT Tube No Mere air/oxygen is not an invalidating agent
Deodorant No unless one inhales the visible fumes.
Toothpaste/ mouthwash No If swallowed then it will invalidate the fast. Disliked in
general.
Ear drops No not an invalidating entry point if ear drum intact
Eye drops No not an invalidating entry point
Sublingual GTN/ Medication No Taste buds are pores, not invalidating entry point.
Medicine invalidate if some solid parts reaches throat via
saliva
Bleeding gums No If does not dominate over the saliva on the condition one
cannot taste it
wasiefasih@hotmail.com
33. Agent Invalidate Reason
Urogenital Anal Suppository/ Examination/
Colonoscopy
Yes Rectum is an invalidating entry point
hemorrhoids If hemorrhoids happen to come out, fast will remain intact,
even if he had pushed them back into its place. Use of a
cream to treat hemorrhoids on the outside of the skin, does
not invalidate the fast. But if he uses it on the inside of the
anus, it does invalidate the fast because the substance has
reached the inside of an open orifice
Istinja (Washing) No pouring water or oil into the anus does not invalidate unless it
reaches the distance of the mihqana (upper end of anal
canal), where the enema is inserted ( approximately 2inches)
Vaginal / urethral
examination/pessary/ pads
No vagina is not an invalidating entry point
Urethral catheter/ cystoscopy (male
& Female)
No Urethra s is not an invalidating entry point
Circulatory Extracting blood/ Cupping No This is extraction from the body and will not invalidate the
fast. Disliked if caused severe weakness
Nutritional IV Fluids/ Blood
Transfusion
No Not an invalidating entry point
Dialysis- Haemo/ Peritoneal No Vein & peritoneum is not an invalidating entry point
Use of glucometer No Exclusion does not invalidate
Angiography No Vein is not an invalidating entry point
wasiefasih@hotmail.com