Compressors complete description and a well arranged slides for the topic. That's too the point and relevant slide share you are looking for! Hope you will find it easy to understand
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Compressors complete description and a well arranged slides for the topic. That's too the point and relevant slide share you are looking for! Hope you will find it easy to understand
Thank you!
INTRODUCTION
THERMODYNAMIC CYCLE OF STEAM FLOW
RANKINE CYCLE (IDEAL , ACTUAL ,REHEAT)
LAYOUT OF STEAM POWER PLANT
MAJOR COMPONENTS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
ALTERNATOR
EXCITATION SYSTEM
GOVERNING SYSTEM
Air compressors:- One of the important device used to compress air at high pressure.
The presentation contains a detailed information about air compressors, classification of air compressors, reciprocating air compressors, rotary type, multistage/ single stage compressors. advantages and lastly application/ uses of air compressors.
Hope You like the presentation.
Try to explain about the steam generator (boiler), it has three parts. Part 1 cover the types, part 2 about its parts & auxiliaries & accessories and part 3 about performance.
It is basic information about what is critical thickness and why we should we know this. Then there is critical thickness formula for cylindrical pipe and spherical shell.
An engineering overview on industrial fans and blowers. it contains types and applications of different types. and it provide the most common ways we use to control the flow rate and power. this slides contain also an excellent images to illustrate the case and the type .
Steam distribution system, utilization and designAzmir Latif Beg
n any steam plant or any process plant effectiveness of steam distribution system is dependent upon the project specific conditions like location and layout of the process plant and its steam consuming equipment like heat exchangers, decorators etc. Steam distribution circuit is one of the major link between the steam production point and the point of end use i.e. process plant. Primary steam generating source are co-generation plant and Steam generators. However it not the source of steam generation but the effective and efficient steam distribution system that decides right quality (pressure and temperature) and quantity of steam to reach to the process through it. Thus designing of steam distribution is to be given due importance along with installation and subsequently maintenance during operation.
INTRODUCTION
THERMODYNAMIC CYCLE OF STEAM FLOW
RANKINE CYCLE (IDEAL , ACTUAL ,REHEAT)
LAYOUT OF STEAM POWER PLANT
MAJOR COMPONENTS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
ALTERNATOR
EXCITATION SYSTEM
GOVERNING SYSTEM
Air compressors:- One of the important device used to compress air at high pressure.
The presentation contains a detailed information about air compressors, classification of air compressors, reciprocating air compressors, rotary type, multistage/ single stage compressors. advantages and lastly application/ uses of air compressors.
Hope You like the presentation.
Try to explain about the steam generator (boiler), it has three parts. Part 1 cover the types, part 2 about its parts & auxiliaries & accessories and part 3 about performance.
It is basic information about what is critical thickness and why we should we know this. Then there is critical thickness formula for cylindrical pipe and spherical shell.
An engineering overview on industrial fans and blowers. it contains types and applications of different types. and it provide the most common ways we use to control the flow rate and power. this slides contain also an excellent images to illustrate the case and the type .
Steam distribution system, utilization and designAzmir Latif Beg
n any steam plant or any process plant effectiveness of steam distribution system is dependent upon the project specific conditions like location and layout of the process plant and its steam consuming equipment like heat exchangers, decorators etc. Steam distribution circuit is one of the major link between the steam production point and the point of end use i.e. process plant. Primary steam generating source are co-generation plant and Steam generators. However it not the source of steam generation but the effective and efficient steam distribution system that decides right quality (pressure and temperature) and quantity of steam to reach to the process through it. Thus designing of steam distribution is to be given due importance along with installation and subsequently maintenance during operation.
This powerpint presentation includes all the detail of various types of AIR COPMPRESSSORS,with its real and schematic diagram
- Parth Patel
1st Year Electrical
The companies of Altra Industrial Motion offer many critical drivetrain products utilized in fan and HVAC applications including clutches, couplings, belted drives, and turning, locking & braking systems.
Fans are used in wide range of industrial applications ranging from power plant boilers , chemical processing industries and HVAC (Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning) applications to move from one place to another. The fan size and power rating varies from few centimeter impeller diameter to several meters and power from few kW to MW depending on the application and air flow requirement. This presentation gives an introduction over view , types and applications of the Industrial Fans from the Fan Handbook Written by Frank.P.Bleier.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
2. INTRODUCTION
• Fans and blowers provide air for ventilation and industrial
process requirements.
• Fans generate a pressure to move air (or gases) against a
resistance caused by ducts, dampers, or other components in a
fan system.
• Large capacity fan units typically consist of a bladed rotating
impeller enclosed in a stationary casing.
• The rotor system causes the motion of the air/gas and the casing
directs the air flow.
•The fan rotor receives energy from a rotating shaft and transmits
it to the air.
3. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FANS,BLOWER
AND COMPRESSOR
• As per “ASME” Depending on the specific ratio and rise in system
pressure.
Equipment Specific Ratio Pressure rise
(mmWC)
Fan Up to 1.11 1136
Blower 1.11 to 1.20 1136 to 2066
Compressor More than 1.20 More than 2066
4. TYPES OF FANS AND BLOWERS
2)Axial Flow Fan:-
Air enters and leaves the fan with no change in direction.
1)Centrifugal Flow Fan:-
Airflow changes direction twice - once when entering and
second when leaving .
• Depending on types of flow, fans are categorized as,
• Major blower types are,
1)Centrifugal Blower:-
Similar to centrifugal fan but can achieve high pressure.
2)Positive Displacement Blower:-
Provides constant volume of air.
5. A. Centrifugal Fans:-
• Rotating impeller increases air velocity.
• Air speed is converted to pressure.
• This fans produces High Pressure which
ranges from 550 mmwc to 1400 mmwc.
• Efficiency varies from 60-83 %.
• Used for Dirty air stream condition
and material handling application.
.
It categorized by blade shapes,
1.Radial 2.Forward curved 3.Backward curved
Fig. Centrifugal Fans
6. 1.Radial Blade Fan
Characteristic:
• Usually contain 6 to 16 impeller blades.
• High static pressures up to 1400 mm WC
can achieve with low flow rates.
• low/medium airflow rates only.
• Efficiency ranges from 69% - 75%.
• Simple in Design.
Application:
• Suitable for handling heavily contaminated
airstreams like dust laden, saw dust etc .
• These are widely used in corrosive and high-
temperature environments.
Fig. Radial Blade Fans
7. 2.Forward curved Blade Fan
Characteristic:
• Usually contain 24 to 64 impeller blades.
• Produces low pressure up to 5 in-wg
• large airflow rates against relatively
low static pressure.
• Efficiency ranges from 60% - 65%.
• Lighter in construction and less expensive
Application:
• Suitable for clean air environment as,
blades easily accumulated dirt
• Well suited for low pressure HVAC such as
packaged air conditioning equipment
• Not constructed for high pressures or
harsh service.
Fig. Forward curved blade
8. 3.Backward Curved Blade Fan
Characteristic:
• Usually contain 6 to 16 impeller blades.
• Produces high pressure (40 in wg)with high
flow rates.
• More efficient than forward curved blade
efficiency ranges from 79% - 83%.
• High maintenance cost.
Application:
• Only recommended for clean air stream
containing no condensable fumes or vapours
• A common application is forced-draft . Fig. Backward Curved Blade Fan
9. B. Axial Fans
• Air is pressurized by blades which creating aerodynamic lift.
• Typically provide large air volumes at relatively low pressures
pressure ranges from 250mmwc to 500mmwc.
• Efficiency varies from 45% - 85%.
• Popular with industry as compact, low cost and
light weight.
• Axial fans are frequently used in exhaust
applications where airborne particulate
size is small, such as dust streams, smoke,
and steam.
It categorized as,
1.Propellor Axial Fan
2.Tube Axial Fan
3.Vane Axial Fan Fig. Axial Fan
10. 1.Propeller Axial Fan
Characteristic:
• Have two or more blades that generate very high
airflow volumes
• Produces low static pressure (20-50)mmwc
• Very low efficiencies of approximately 50 % .
• Light weight and inexpensive.
• Noise levels are higher than tube axial and
vane axial fan.
Application:
• Air circulation within a space or ventilation
through a wall without attached ductwork.
• Ideally used for make up or replacement air supply.
Fig. Propeller Axial Fan
11. 2.Tube Axial Fans
Characteristic:
• Tube axial fans have a wheel inside a cylindrical housing which
improves the air flow efficiency.
• Numbers of blades range from 4 to 8 .
• Capable of developing a more useful
static pressure range(250-400 mmWC ).
• Efficient up to 65 %.
Application:
• Frequently used in exhaust applications.
• Also used in some industrial applications
such as drying ovens, paint spray. Fig. Tube Axial Fan
12. 3.Vane Axial Fans
Characteristic:
• Vane-axial fans are similar to tube-axial fans
with guide vanes that improves efficiency by
directing the flow.
• Typically have 5 to 20 aerofoil type blades
with a large hub diameter.
• such fans generally used for pressure (up to
500 mmwc).
• They can achieve efficiencies up to 85%.
Application:
• Typically used in high-pressure applications,
such as induced draft service for a boiler
exhaust. Fig. Vane Axial Fan
13. BLOWER
•Blowers can achieve much higher pressures than fans, as high as
1.20 Kg/cm2.
•The impeller is typically gear-driven and rotates as fast as 15,000
rpm.
•They are also used to produce negative pressures for industrial
vacuum systems.
1. Centrifugal blowers
• Typically operate against pressures of 0.35 to 0.70 Kg/cm2.
• they are most often used in applications that are not prone to
clogging .
2. Positive-displacement blowers
• They are especially suitable for applications prone to clogging,
since they can produce enough pressure up to 1.25 Kg/cm2 - to
blow clogged materials free.
14. Functions of Fans in Power Plant
• Supply air for complete combustion of the fuel in the furnace.
• For evacuation of the gaseous combustion products continuously
from the boiler furnace.
• To create Draft for required flow of air or combustion gas .
• Supply air for cooling of equipments working in hot zones.
• Supply air for sealing of gates , feeder and mills bearing .
• Circulate the gases for better heat transfer.
15. In Power Plant ,Air Used for Combustion is divided into two major
parts which are,
1.Primary Air:-
Portion of total air sent through mills to the furnace. This
air dries the pulverized coal and transport it to the furnace for
combustion.
2. Secondary Air:-
Large portion of total air sent to furnace for supply of
necessary oxygen for the combustion. hence, increases the
combustion efficiency.
17. Types of Power Plant Fans
There are three main types of Fans used in Power Plant which are,
1. Forced Draft Fans
2. Primary Air Fans
3. Induced Draft Fans
18. 1.Forced Draft Fan
• They installed at inlet to the air preheater.
• Forced Draft Fans (FD) supply the air necessary for fuel combustion
by pushing the air through combustion air supply system and into
the furnace.
• Forced Draft fan produces pressure up to 510 mmwc at volume flow
rates 20 to100 m3/s and operates against temperature 25 to 50°C for
200 MW plant.
• These fans are typically the most efficient fans in the power plant
because they have the cleanest operating environment.
• For good reliability, 2 FD fan operating in parallel are used.
• Centrifugal Fans with Backward curved blades are normally used.
19. Forced Draft Fan Cycle
F
U
R
N
A
C
E
FD FAN A
FD FAN A
atmospheric air
atmospheric air
APH A
APH B
20. 2.Primary Air Fan
• Supply high pressure primary air through APH needed to dry &
transport coal directly from the pulveriser to the furnace.
• PA fan operate at temperature up to 70 °C and produces pressure
up to 1187mmwc at 75 m3/s volume flow rate for 200MW plant
• Power requirement of PA fan is higher.
• Centrifugal fan with backward curved blades are used.
21. Primary Air Fan Cycle
M
I
L
S
S
APH A PA FAN
A
ATMOSPHERIC
AIR
PA FAN
B
APH B
22. 3.Induced Draft Fan
• Located in between the ESP and foot of the stack.
• Sucks the combustion gases out of the furnace and discharge them
into the stack .
• Handles large volume hot dust/ash laden flue gases which are
exhaust from furnace.
• High power requirement than FD fan ,it require 1100 KW motor for
200MW plant .
• Induced-draft fans produces volume flow rate up to 225 m3/s at
inlet temperatures between 130 and 150°C and pressure ranges
from 356 mmwc for 200MW plant.
• Centrifugal fan with Radial blades are used.
23. Induced Draft Fan Cycle
F
U
R
N
A
C
E
APH A ESP A ID
IDESP BAPH B
S
T
A
C
K
24.
25. Fan Performance Evaluation
Done by System resistance curve(System curve) and Fan curves.
System resistance curve:-
•The system resistance is the sum of static pressure losses in the
system.
•The system resistance is a
function of the configuration of
ducts, pickups, elbows and the
pressure drops across equipment
• It is used to determine what
volume the fan will produce.
•The system resistance varies with
the square of the volume of air
Fig. System curve
26. Fan curves:-
• The fan curve is a performance curve for the particular fan under a
specific set of conditions.
• The fan curve is a graphical representation of a number of inter-
related parameters.
• Fan curves are use to define the operating point.
• Understanding this relationship is essential to designing, operating a
fan system and it is the key for optimum selection of fan.
It consist of three curves,
1. SP vs Air Flow rate.
2. BHP vs Air Flow rate.
3. Static efficiency vs Air Flow rate.
28. Operating Point:-
• The intersection of the system curve(SC) and the static pressure curve
defines the operating point.
• When the system resistance changes, the operating point also change
• Once the operating point is fixed, the power required could be found
from fan curve, similarly we can
find the efficiency of fan.
• In this figure,
For fan speed N1.
Point A-
the fan’s actual operating point
at, flow (Q1) against press (P1) .
29. Fan Laws
The fans operate under a predictable set of laws concerning speed,
power and pressure.
30. REFERENCES
1. Technology Menu on Energy Efficiency (NPC)
2. SADC Industrial Energy Management Project
3. Energy Audit Reports of NPC
4. Text book on “Power plant engineering” by P. K. Nag.