Described here are the different family planning methods including natural family planning methods, use of condom, contraceptive medications, and spermicides.

1. FAMILY PLANNING METHODS
Roel Tolentino, MD, MBA, FACS, FPCS, FPSGS, FPSO, FMOSP
TV, Radio and Lay Health Educator

2. Abstinence
DESCRIPTION: No sex or intimate contact.
EFFECTIVENESS: 100% effective if no semen enters
the vagina.
SIDE EFFECTS: You won’t have to worry about
getting pregnant or getting a sexually transmitted
infection.

3. Rhythm Method
Natural Family Planning

4. Billings Method
DESCRIPTION: Checking cervical mucus to determine women’s fertile
period based on changes in vaginal discharge that occur just before
she’s fertile.
EFFECTIVENESS: 85%-97%. Pretty risky.
Natural Family Planning
85 – 97 % effective

5. Natural Family Planning
SIDE EFFECTS: No side effects but no protection
against sexually transmitted disease either. Natural
Family Planning demands trust, communication,
and a supportive relationship.
WHERE TO GET IT: Clinics or medical professionals
offer instruction in the Billings Method.

7. Male Condom
DESCRIPTION: Thin latex or polyurethane disposable
sheath (should be lubricated with a strong
spermicide) worn over the penis during sex.
EFFECTIVENESS: 86%-98% if used correctly every
time. More effective if used with film or foam.

8. Male Condom
SIDE EFFECTS: allergy
A condom should be used even
- if she is on the pill, has an IUD, uses
Norplant/Depo Provera,
- she is wearing a diaphragm
- or if he has had a vasectomy to protect against
STIs.

9. Male Condom
WHERE TO GET IT: family planning and medical clinics, drug stores, in
dispensers in men’s and women’s bathrooms, by mail or on internet.

12. Female Condom
DESCRIPTION: Pre-lubricated pouch with open ring
at one end, closed ring at other.
Closed ring anchored near the cervix, open ring just
outside body.
EFFECTIVENESS: 79%-95% effective if used
perfectly.

13. Female Condom
SIDE EFFECTS: No. If you are allergic, ask your health
care provider for suggestions.
WHERE TO GET IT: Condoms and pouches are
available at family planning and medical clinics,
drug stores, in dispensers in men’s and
women’s bathrooms, by mail or on internet.

16. Spermicides (Films)
DESCRIPTION: 2”x2” folding film, a little thicker than
plastic wrap, containing a strong spermicide. When
folded, the film is placed in the vagina to form a
barrier the keeps sperm from entering the uterus.
EFFECTIVENESS: 72%-94% effective if used perfectly.
99% effective when using a condom

17. Spermicides (Films)
SIDE EFFECTS: Allergy possible. If you experience
vaginal, penile, or bladder irritation, use another
form of birth control.
WHERE TO GET IT: Drug store, family planning or
medical clinic. No medical exam or prescription
needed. Lots of contraceptives on drug store shelves.

19. Spermicides
(Foam/Suppositories)
DESCRIPTION: Sperm-killing foam OR suppository inserted into vagina
before having sex. Be sure the product you use contains a strong
spermicide to protect you from pregnancy and STIs.
EFFECTIVENESS: 71% effective if foam is used alone (Not good). 98%
effective if partner uses a condom too.

22. Spermicides
(Foam/Suppositories)
SIDE EFFECTS: Allergy possible. If you experience vaginal, penile, or
bladder irritation, use another form of birth control.
WHERE TO GET IT: Drug store, family planning or medical clinic. No
medical exam or prescription needed. Lots of contraceptives on drug
store shelves.

25. The Pill
DESCRIPTION: The pill is made of synthetic
hormones almost like those produced by the ovaries.
You need a prescription. Take the pill, as prescribed,
at the same time every day whether or not you have
sex because it’s the action of the pills that protects
you from pregnancy.
EFFECTIVENESS: 95%-99% effective if used perfectly.

26. The Pill
SIDE EFFECTS:
Positive- Regular periods, less anemia, less cramping,
beautiful skin
Negative- nausea, spotting, missed periods,
headaches, mood changes, dark skin areas.

27. The Pill
SIDE EFFECTS:
Major but rare: blood clots, high blood pressure, gall
bladder disease, heart attacks, liver tumors.
WHERE TO GET IT: By prescription. Low cost or no
cost at many family planning clinics. Never borrow a
pill from a friend.

29. IUD (Intrauterine Device)
DESCRIPTION: Small plastic or metal device inserted
in uterus by a medical professional. Nylon thread
attached for easy checking.
EFFECTIVENESS: 97.4%-99% effective.

30. IUD (Intrauterine Device)
SIDE EFFECTS:
Irregular menstrual bleeding
Headaches, and weight gain
Cramps or other irritation as body tries to reject
IUD.
WHERE TO GET IT: Medical Professional or family
planning clinic. Pricey but protection lasts longer
than some other methods

32. Injectable (Depo Provera)
DESCRIPTION: Depo Provera is given as a shot
Given at specific times by medical professionals.
Work by preventing eggs from being released and
fertilized.
EFFECTIVENESS: 99.7%

33. Injectable (Depo Provera)
SIDE EFFECTS: Irregular menstrual bleeding
WHERE TO GET IT: Medical Professional or family
planning clinic. Pricey but protection lasts longer
than some other methods. You will be asked to sign a
consent form and return for a follow up clinic visit.

35. Skin Patch
DESCRIPTION: Contraceptives, adhesive skin patch,
about 2¾ inch square, applied once a week.
Contraceptive material in patch enters blood stream
to protect user against pregnancy.
EFFECTIVENESS: If used correctly patch is as effective
as the contraceptive pill, 95%-99%.

36. Withdrawal (Pulling Out)
DESCRIPTION: A man who uses withdrawal will pull
his penis out of the vagina before ejaculation.
EFFECTIVENESS: VERY LOW!
SIDE EFFECTS: High risk of pregnancy, STIs and
HIV/AIDS
WHERE TO GET IT: N/A

38. Male sterilization
• Vasectomy:-division or occlusion of the vas
deference prevents the passage of sperms.
• The success of the procedure is verified by
the absence of sperms from two
consecutive samples of ejaculate collected
at least 4 weeks apart after 4 months of
performing the vasectomy.

39. Female sterilization
• Female sterilization is done surgically by
blocking both fallopian tubes by three
ways:
laparotomy
minilaparatomy
laparoscopy

41. • There are many family planning methods.
• Majority is not 100% guaranteed.
• Always consult a doctor for more information.