Falls are a main cause of morbidity and disability in the elderly. More than one-third of persons 65 years of age or older fall each year, and in half of such cases the falls are recurrent. The risk doubles or triples in the presence of cognitive impairment or history of previous falls.
i prepared this presentation for our hospital monthly clinicopathological conference. our experience with TKR is not so vast but v are satisfied with what v have done till date.
Falls are a main cause of morbidity and disability in the elderly. More than one-third of persons 65 years of age or older fall each year, and in half of such cases the falls are recurrent. The risk doubles or triples in the presence of cognitive impairment or history of previous falls.
i prepared this presentation for our hospital monthly clinicopathological conference. our experience with TKR is not so vast but v are satisfied with what v have done till date.
Bicipital tendonitis is inflammation of long head of the biceps tendon under the bicipital groove.
In early stage, tendon becomes red and swollen, as tendonitis develops the tendon sheath can thicken.
In late stage, often become dark red in color due to inflammation.
This presentation give an upto date insightful information on balance/postural assessment and key domains of Occupational Therapy during assessment of balance using different scales.
Bicipital tendonitis is inflammation of long head of the biceps tendon under the bicipital groove.
In early stage, tendon becomes red and swollen, as tendonitis develops the tendon sheath can thicken.
In late stage, often become dark red in color due to inflammation.
This presentation give an upto date insightful information on balance/postural assessment and key domains of Occupational Therapy during assessment of balance using different scales.
Event @ AICare Hub (15 Feb) - Falls Prevention and Home Safety for the ElderlySingapore Silver Pages
Event: Falls Prevention and Home Safety for the Elderly
Date: 15 February 2014
Venue: AICare Hub
Presentation: Preventing Falls Among Elderly
by Mr Alan Ong, Mr Senthil Kumar & Miss Nurul Atiqah (Occupational/Physio-therapists, Society for the Physically Disabled)
What are the common causes of fall, and what to do when a fall occurs? How to make your home safer?
CBR is a strategy within general community development for the rehabilitation, equalization of opportunities, poverty reduction and social inclusion of people with disabilities
This presentation explores the physical inactivity level of Asian females aged 45-54 in England and recommends interventions that can potentially increase PA in the present target population
Get moving! Physical Activity and Colon Cancer July 2018 #CRCWebinar Fight Colorectal Cancer
Do you know the benefits of exercise during colorectal cancer treatment and survivorship? In July’s webinar, Dr. Catherine Jankowski, exercise physiologist, breaks down all the reasons why exercise is a key element during the cancer experience. She shares tips on how to stay active and offers support for those just getting started with an exercise routine.
Hue Ump English Club Dec 09 Health OverviewBinhThang
This topic discused at Mortality,Morbidity in the Population and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome by Dr Professor Michael Dunne
QUT School of Public Health
Director, International Health Program.
The COTSS - Older people Conference keynote presentation by Dr Dawn Skelton PhD Reader in Ageing and Health, HealthQWest, Glasgow Caledonian University coordinator of Prevention of Falls Network Europe Chair, Organising Committee, and World Congress on Active Ageing 2012. COT Annual Conference 2010 (22-25 June 2010)
Efficacy of patient education and supervised exercise in Elderly patients wit...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Nursing and health Science is ambitious to disseminate information and experience in education, practice and investigation between medicine, nursing and all the sciences involved in health care. Nursing & Health Sciences focuses on the international exchange of knowledge in nursing and health sciences. The journal publishes peer-reviewed papers on original research, education and clinical practice.
By encouraging scholars from around the world to share their knowledge and expertise, the journal aims to provide the reader with a deeper understanding of the lived experience of nursing and health sciences and the opportunity to enrich their own area of practice. The journal publishes original papers, reviews, special and general articles, case management etc.
Barriers and facilitators for regular physical exercise among adult females n...Dr. Anees Alyafei
What stimulates and prevents females from regular physical exercise. Updated Comprehensive narrative review.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341220204_Citation_AlYafei_A_Albaker_W_2020_Barriers_and_Facilitators_for_Regular_Physical_Exercise_among_Adult_Females_Narrative_Review_2020
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
5. Definition
A fall is an event which results in a person
coming to rest inadvertently on the
ground or floor or other lower level
(WHO)
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
6. Frequency of falls
28-35% of people aged of 65 and over fall each
year
32-42% for those over 70 years of age
Increase with age and frailty level.
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
7. Frequency of falls
Older people who are living in nursing homes
fall more often than those who are living in
community.
30-50% of people living in long-term care
institutions fall each year, and 40% of them
experienced recurrent falls
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
8. Fall mortality rate
Falls account for 40% of all injury deaths
Unintentional falls: #1 leading cause of
death in USA for people above 55 years
of age
(CDC, 2006)
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
9. Fatal falls rates by age and gender
(National Council on Aging, 2005 in WHO 2007)
11. Need for medical attention
20-30% of mild to severe injuries
Underlying cause of 10-15% of all
emergency department visits
50% of injury related hospitalizations
among people over 65 years and older
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
12. Fall-related hospital admission
Hip fracture, traumatic brain injuries and
upper limb injuries
Longer hospital stay compared to other
injuries.
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
13. Fall-related hospital admission
Hip fractures:
Hospital stay extend to 20 days
Older
person are likely to remain in hospital
for the rest of their life
20%
die within a year subsequent to falls
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
15. National Crisis
Diseases of civilization
Aging and medical
advances that preserve
and prolong life
High inactivity rates
(MOH statistics 2008)
(Al-Nozha et al. 2007)
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
High Falls
complications
21. Falls & Fractures
The strongest determinant of a fracture is the
actual fall rather than bone fragility
Abnormalities in gait and balance are the most
frequent and sensitive risk factors that
predispose to fractures
Physical limitations and physical inactivity reduce
bone strength and increase fracture risk
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
(Karinkanta et al., 2010)
23. Self-report scales
Identify high risk individuals:
History of fall within a past time frame
Details on frequency, surrounding
circumstances & injury severity
(Rubenstein et al., 2002)
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
24. Self-report scales
The Falls Risk for Older People in the
Community Scale (FROP-Com):
Covers 13 risk factors in 26 questions
Dichotomous or ordinal scoring, from 0 to 3
An overall score of falls risk, ranging from 0 to
60, with higher scores indicative of greater risk
Sensetivity = 66% ; Specificity = 65%
(Russell et al., 2008)
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
25. Single-task performance
Assess postural maintenance or physical
performance
Simple, require minimal time and
equipment
Single domain
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
26. Single-task performance
Five Times Sit to
Stand/Chair Rise
(FTSS)
Good predictor of
recurrent falls
An individual is
asked to rise from
sitting to standing
with arms crossed
and repeat the
task 5 times
(Buatois et al., 2008)
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
27. Single-task performance
Stepping: Maximal
Step Length
Significantly
correlated with
measures of
balance & mobility
Good predictor of
frequent falling
Arms crossed on
chest, stepping out
with one leg as far
as possible,
maintaining position
on the other leg,
return to initial
position in one step
(Buatois et al., 2008)
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
28. Single-task performance
Timed Up & Go
(TUG)
Individuals with
falls slower than
non-fallers
(Shumway-Cook et al., 2000)
Time needed to
get up from a
chair, stand
up, walk 3
meters, return
back to sitting on
the chair
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
29. Multi-task performance
Comprehensive approach to fall
assessment
Incorporate multiple measures (singletask & questionnaires)
Provide detailed information
Time consuming
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
31. Multi-task performance
Berg Balance Scale
(BBS)
(Berg et al., 1989)
High inter-rater,
intra-rater, testretest reliability
BBS & history of
falls, best predictors
of falls in community
dwelling individuals
14 mobility tasks
Scored from 0-4
Maximum score of 56
(Shumway-cook et al., 1997)
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
32. Multi-task performance
Physical
Performance Tests
(PPT)
High inter-rater
reliability
Good predictor of
falls in community
dwelling individuals
7 items
Timed tasks
Scores according to
time
Higher score faster
performance
(Reuben & Sui, 1990)
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
35. Physical Therapy Approach
Must consider individual risk
factors, such as functional limitations or
reduced bone strength, and
environmental hazards.
(Karinkanta et al., 2010)
Multi-component exercise beneficial for
bone health and maintaining functional
ability in older community-dwelling
adults.
(Petridou et al., 2009)
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
36. Physical Therapy Approach
Whole-body vibration training has shown
potential to improve muscle
performance, balance and bone strength
(Mikhael et al., 2010)
Home hazard assessment and
modification and use of hip protectors
are efficient for frail older adults at the
highest risk of falling.
(Gillespie et al., 2009)
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
38.
Elder population at high risk of falls
Fractures mainly results from falls in
elder populations
Risk assessment is integral part of fall
prevention
Physical therapy is required for falls
prevention among elderly
Urgent need for risk assessment and
reduction locally and internationally
Alsobayel - Geriatrics Chair Symposium 2010
Dependence .. Affects elderly and the family and community … care givers Fear of fallAmong women more depressionRestriction of ADL .. Quality of life
with the rapid increase of diseases of civilization in saudiarabia .. Such as Obesity, cardiovascular problems, diabetes the increase rate of road traffic accidents the increase in population growth 2.23% Moving towards more aging populations with an average life expectancy of 73.6 All that raise the possibility of having disability … putting more pressure and demand on tertiary prevention that is rehabilitation ..Inactivity prevalence 96.1%
KEY:A = Patient with an accidental fall and no intrinsic or extrinsic risk factorsB = Patient with acute illnessC = Patient with moderate illness, loss of mobility and some prescription medications who falls because of an extrinsic factorD = Severely ill patient with many medications who falls even without extrinsic factorsE = Elderly patient with numerous age-related changes who falls because of an extrinsic factorFIGURE 1. Factors that contribute to the risk of falls in the elderly population.Adapted with permission from Steinweg KK. The changing approach to falls in the elderly. Am Fam Physician 1997;56:1815-22,1823.Physical therapy important role in predicting and preventing risk of falls related to mobility losshttp://www.aafp.org/afp/20000401/2159.html
Causes of falls in elderly adults: summary of 12studiesa that carefully evaluated elderly persons after a falland specified a ‘most likely’ causeOlder people have stiffer, less co-ordinated and more dangerousgaits than do younger people. Posture control, body-orientingreflexes, muscle strength and tone, and height of steppingGait problems can stem fromsimple age-related changes in gait and balance as well asfrom specific dysfunctions of the nervous, muscular, skeletal,circulatory and respiratory systems or from simpledeconditioning following a period of inactivity.
Important individual risk factors for falls: summaryof 16 controlled studiesMuscle weakness is an extremely common findingamong the aged population when looked for, mostly stemmingfrom disease and inactivity rather than ageing per se.A study about balance performance of community dwelling elder people fallers in Saudi ArabiaWas conducted by Dr. Salwa El-Subki from the department of Rehabilitaiton sciences PT in CAMS under publication. With a sample of 84 subjects Found that Fallers had lower balance performance than non-fallers and significant difference for one-leged stand test.
The problem with self-report the patient recallCan’t remember minor falls .. People with cognitive problems .. Etc.
Association of TUG test and risk of falls (El-Sobkyunderpublication)
However, the risk of fall is complex phenomenon and it’s prediction cannot be achieved by single scale or test but with multiple and comprehensive geriatric assessment approach
As physiotherapists .. We work closely with our patients .. And we help them achieve their goals .. and … maybe more …
