The document discusses falls in the elderly from a physical therapy perspective. It provides statistics showing that 28-50% of elderly people fall each year, with rates increasing with age. Falls are the leading cause of injury and death for those over 55. Risk factors include both intrinsic factors like physical/functional limitations and extrinsic environmental hazards. A comprehensive falls risk assessment incorporates questionnaires, single-task tests like sit-to-stand and gait, and multi-task tests like Berg Balance Scale. Physical therapy can help prevention through multi-component exercise, whole-body vibration training, home hazard modification, and hip protectors for high-risk individuals. Urgent international action is needed for risk assessment and reduction.
This document provides an overview of physiotherapy for geriatric patients. It discusses assessing patients, setting goals, and therapeutic interventions. The assessment involves a full history, physical exam, and evaluation of functional status. Goals aim to improve mobility, strength, and quality of life. Therapeutic interventions may include range of motion, stretching, strengthening, aerobic exercise, and gait training exercises. Orthotics and reassessment are also discussed.
Fall prevention is an important issue as 1 in 3 adults over 65 fall each year. Common causes of falls include medical issues like impaired mobility or balance, and environmental hazards. A thorough history, physical exam, and tests can identify risk factors. Exercise programs incorporating balance, strength, and flexibility training can reduce falls, as can medication modifications and vitamin D supplementation. Home safety evaluations and modifications can address environmental hazards.
This document discusses falls in the elderly, including risk factors and nursing interventions. It begins by defining a fall and noting that risk increases with age. Environmental factors like inadequate lighting and behavioral factors like multiple medications increase risk. Nursing interventions include exercises to improve strength and balance, environmental modifications like grab bars, and managing risk factors such as reviewing medications. The goal is to prevent injuries through risk assessment and effective interventions.
Geriatric Rehabiltation- A detailed go throughSusan Jose
Here we, Dr. Kiran (PT), and I, present a detailed overview of geriatric rehabilitation along with the dosage. Age related changes in posture its associated neurophysiology and compensations adapted by the elderly are also decribed in easy to learn way. The pathomechanics of fractures have been illustarted in easy to learn method too.
This document discusses geriatric rehabilitation and provides information on:
- The components of geriatric rehabilitation including accommodation, prevention of disability/restoration of function, and medical treatment of impairments.
- Physiological changes that occur with normal aging like changes in body composition, posture, gait, neurological and skin functions, and cardiopulmonary and urological systems.
- Principles of geriatric rehabilitation including ascertaining the level of function, differentiating between delirium, dementia and depression, determining patient goals and motivation, and emphasizing function over diagnosis.
- Common impairments seen in geriatrics like fractures, arthritis, Parkinson's disease, and peripheral nerve impairments.
PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT OF POST STROKE PATIENT.Jonasbrother2013
This document provides an overview of physiotherapy management for stroke. It begins with definitions of stroke and transient ischemic attack. It then discusses risk factors, types, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and medical management of stroke. The remainder of the document focuses on the physiotherapy assessment and treatment approaches in both the acute and post-acute stages. The assessment covers various body functions and structures, while the treatment approaches aim to improve motor function, mobility, balance, sensation, flexibility, strength, and reduce spasticity to achieve functional independence.
this power point presentation provides main emphasis on the phases of the rehabilitation post op. it will enhance the knowledge about do's and dont's during the rehabilitation phases in brief. U may ask the questions if you have in your mind in the comment section. this ppt includes upper extremity as well as lower extremity exercises and also provides easy understanding with the help of suitable and intresting diagrams
The document discusses falls in the elderly from a physical therapy perspective. It provides statistics showing that 28-50% of elderly people fall each year, with rates increasing with age. Falls are the leading cause of injury and death for those over 55. Risk factors include both intrinsic factors like physical/functional limitations and extrinsic environmental hazards. A comprehensive falls risk assessment incorporates questionnaires, single-task tests like sit-to-stand and gait, and multi-task tests like Berg Balance Scale. Physical therapy can help prevention through multi-component exercise, whole-body vibration training, home hazard modification, and hip protectors for high-risk individuals. Urgent international action is needed for risk assessment and reduction.
This document provides an overview of physiotherapy for geriatric patients. It discusses assessing patients, setting goals, and therapeutic interventions. The assessment involves a full history, physical exam, and evaluation of functional status. Goals aim to improve mobility, strength, and quality of life. Therapeutic interventions may include range of motion, stretching, strengthening, aerobic exercise, and gait training exercises. Orthotics and reassessment are also discussed.
Fall prevention is an important issue as 1 in 3 adults over 65 fall each year. Common causes of falls include medical issues like impaired mobility or balance, and environmental hazards. A thorough history, physical exam, and tests can identify risk factors. Exercise programs incorporating balance, strength, and flexibility training can reduce falls, as can medication modifications and vitamin D supplementation. Home safety evaluations and modifications can address environmental hazards.
This document discusses falls in the elderly, including risk factors and nursing interventions. It begins by defining a fall and noting that risk increases with age. Environmental factors like inadequate lighting and behavioral factors like multiple medications increase risk. Nursing interventions include exercises to improve strength and balance, environmental modifications like grab bars, and managing risk factors such as reviewing medications. The goal is to prevent injuries through risk assessment and effective interventions.
Geriatric Rehabiltation- A detailed go throughSusan Jose
Here we, Dr. Kiran (PT), and I, present a detailed overview of geriatric rehabilitation along with the dosage. Age related changes in posture its associated neurophysiology and compensations adapted by the elderly are also decribed in easy to learn way. The pathomechanics of fractures have been illustarted in easy to learn method too.
This document discusses geriatric rehabilitation and provides information on:
- The components of geriatric rehabilitation including accommodation, prevention of disability/restoration of function, and medical treatment of impairments.
- Physiological changes that occur with normal aging like changes in body composition, posture, gait, neurological and skin functions, and cardiopulmonary and urological systems.
- Principles of geriatric rehabilitation including ascertaining the level of function, differentiating between delirium, dementia and depression, determining patient goals and motivation, and emphasizing function over diagnosis.
- Common impairments seen in geriatrics like fractures, arthritis, Parkinson's disease, and peripheral nerve impairments.
PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT OF POST STROKE PATIENT.Jonasbrother2013
This document provides an overview of physiotherapy management for stroke. It begins with definitions of stroke and transient ischemic attack. It then discusses risk factors, types, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and medical management of stroke. The remainder of the document focuses on the physiotherapy assessment and treatment approaches in both the acute and post-acute stages. The assessment covers various body functions and structures, while the treatment approaches aim to improve motor function, mobility, balance, sensation, flexibility, strength, and reduce spasticity to achieve functional independence.
this power point presentation provides main emphasis on the phases of the rehabilitation post op. it will enhance the knowledge about do's and dont's during the rehabilitation phases in brief. U may ask the questions if you have in your mind in the comment section. this ppt includes upper extremity as well as lower extremity exercises and also provides easy understanding with the help of suitable and intresting diagrams
Role of physiotherapy in fall prevention in geriatricRanjeet Singha
Falls are common in the elderly population and can lead to injuries, loss of mobility, and increased healthcare costs. Physiotherapy plays an important role in fall prevention for older adults. A multifactorial approach is most effective, including exercises targeting balance, strength, and risk factors like medications and behaviors. Suitable balance exercises for older adults include reaching, stepping, walking, sit-to-stand, and squats, with progression over time. Physiotherapists should implement well-designed exercise programs individually and in groups to help prevent falls in geriatric patients.
- The ACL originates on the lateral femoral condyle and inserts on the tibia, providing primary stability to prevent anterior tibial translation.
- Most ACL tears are non-contact injuries involving sudden deceleration, change of direction, or landing from a jump with the knee near full extension.
- Physical exam includes Lachman, anterior drawer, and pivot shift tests to assess knee stability. MRI is used to confirm ACL tear.
- Treatment options include conservative rehab for partial or low-grade tears or ACL reconstruction surgery using grafts like patellar tendon or hamstring tendons fixed with interference screws. Post-op rehab emphasizes early range of motion and weight bearing.
THE URINARY INCONTINENCE AND IT'S MANAGEMENT DETAILS WITH APPROPRIATE EXPLANATION
Introduction of urinary incontinence,
Etiology of urinary incontinence,
Risk factors associated with urinary incontinence,
Types of urinary incontinence,
Pathophysiology of Urinary incontinence,
Clinical manifestations of urinary incontinence,
Diagnostic evaluations of urinary incontinence,
Management of urinary incontinence- Behavioural techniques, Drug therapy, surgical management, medical devices and Physiotherapy assessment and management in details with appropriate explanation with the help of the SlideShare .
Telegram channel - https://t.me/bhuneshwarmishra08/4?single
Facebook page - https://m.facebook.com/Bhuneshwarmishra08/
Instagram page - https://www.instagram.com/the_perfect_physio_tutorial/?r=nametag
YouTube channel - https://youtube.com/channel/UCCIEa_xDe3B-6BLfQaJb8PQ
Positioning can improve oxygen transport and lung function in patients with cardiopulmonary dysfunction. Different positions like supine, side lying, and prone affect lung volumes and ventilation in different areas of the lungs. The supine position decreases lung capacity but improves ventilation distribution, while side lying improves ventilation in the dependent lung. Prone positioning increases lung capacity and decreases airway closure. Head down and forward leaning positions can relieve dyspnea. Upright positioning augments drug effects and improves ventilation-perfusion matching. Mobilization provides both acute benefits like increased ventilation and oxygen transport, as well as chronic benefits including increased exercise capacity and decreased cardiac workload.
This document outlines the physiotherapy management for various types of thoracic surgeries. It discusses:
1) Pre-operative and post-operative physiotherapy protocols for procedures like thoracotomy, pneumonectomy, pleurodesis, and thoracoplasty which involve breathing exercises, coughing techniques, ROM exercises, and early mobilization.
2) Common post-operative complications like pain, retained secretions, decreased mobility and focuses on ensuring analgesia and lung re-expansion exercises.
3) Timeline of post-operative physiotherapy starting from day of surgery, with progression of exercises and mobilization before discharge by 7-10 days on average.
Physiotherapy management of Multiple sclerosisKeerthi Priya
This document provides an overview of the physical therapy management of multiple sclerosis. It discusses assessing patients through examinations of vital signs, cognition, sensation, motor function, posture, balance, gait, locomotion, aerobic capacity, and functional independence. Short term goals include minimizing progression, preventing complications, and maintaining respiratory and functional abilities while long term goals focus on decreasing spasticity and improving strength, range of motion, balance, and activities of daily living. Management techniques for weaknesses, spasticity, ataxia, fatigue, locomotion, and swallowing are outlined, including exercises, stretches, electrical stimulation, and energy conservation methods.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in the pre and postoperative care of patients undergoing abdominal surgery. In the preoperative stage, physiotherapy focuses on assessing respiratory and circulatory function, educating the patient on breathing and mobility exercises, and training the patient to prevent postoperative complications. Postoperatively, physiotherapy aims to prevent pulmonary and circulatory issues through techniques like breathing exercises, early ambulation, and limb movement. The overall goals are to enhance recovery and mobility and ensure patients regain independence.
Falls are a common and serious problem for older adults. They can cause physical injuries like hip fractures as well as psychological issues like a fear of falling. A multifactorial assessment and intervention approach is recommended to prevent falls, which includes assessing vision, medications, home hazards, and exercise programs to improve balance and strength. Healthcare providers should routinely ask older patients about falls and recommend prevention strategies.
The document discusses wheelchairs and their components. It describes the basic parts of a wheelchair including the frame, tires, wheels, brakes, casters, push rims, footrests, backrests, armrests, seats, cushions, and anti-tip bars. It explains that wheelchairs come in different sizes for adults, children, and infants. The appropriate wheelchair must be prescribed based on the individual's needs and circumstances to provide maximum comfort.
physiotherapy management for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Sunil kumar
role of physiotherapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, principles of physical therapy management in copd, physiotherapy assessing and treatment for copd
Balance Training in Athletes and Elderly (Rehabilitation)Prochnost
This document discusses balance, including static and dynamic balance. It defines balance as maintaining the body's center of gravity over its base of support. Factors that affect balance include center of mass, center of gravity, momentum, base of support, and ground reaction forces. The body uses sensory inputs, the central nervous system, and muscle responses to maintain balance. Static balance refers to maintaining a stable position at rest, while dynamic balance involves stabilizing the body during movement. The document outlines several tests to assess static and dynamic balance and provides examples of static, semi-dynamic, and dynamic balance exercises. It describes a three-phase balance training program that progresses from non-ballistic static exercises to dynamic and sport-specific functional exercises.
The document discusses management for the elderly. It notes that aging begins at birth and ends at death. It discusses gerontology as the scientific study of aging and geriatrics as the branch of medicine dealing with illness in elderly people. The document outlines several steps for rejuvenation in old age, including eating a healthy diet, regular exercise like yoga, maintaining an active lifestyle, incorporating alternative therapies occasionally, and avoiding harmful habits like smoking. It also emphasizes the importance of love, care and understanding for the elderly.
Musculoskeletal Assessment (Principles and Concepts for Physiotherapists)Sreeraj S R
This document provides information about musculoskeletal assessment for physiotherapists. It discusses when assessment should occur, what it should include, and principles of subjective and objective assessment. For subjective assessment, it describes collecting information on history, pain history, and red flags. For objective assessment, it discusses observing gait, posture, deformities, skin changes, and performing palpation and special tests. Assessment aims to gather information on a patient's musculoskeletal issues through subjective reporting and objective examination.
Turf toe is an injury to the big toe caused by sudden forced extension of the toe upwards beyond its normal range of motion. This can occur during sports on hard artificial surfaces when an athlete's foot is forcibly stopped by their shoe gripping the ground. It damages the ligaments and joint capsule of the big toe, causing pain, swelling, and reduced motion. Treatment focuses on RICE and may include immobilization, physical therapy, or surgery for severe cases. Prevention involves wearing shoes with better support and limiting time on hard artificial surfaces.
The Fullerton test comprises 6 trials that enables the assessment of the upper and lower body strength, aerobic endurance, motor coordination, and balance.
Before the tests are started, a five- to ten-minute warm-up should be conducted as well as general stretching exercises performed. Prior to the commencement of and after the termination of the trials, arterial blood pressure and heart rate should be measured.
The document outlines strategies for physical therapy management in the acute stage after a stroke. It discusses positioning strategies, improving respiratory and circulatory function, preventing pressure sores and deconditioning. It then outlines various physical therapy interventions to improve sensory function, flexibility, strength, movement control, functional mobility, upper and lower limb function, balance, locomotion, aerobic function, swallowing, motor learning, and provides education to patients and families.
Gout is a metabolic disorder manifesting in primary or secondary forms characterized by hyperuricemia & joint lesions .
A metabolic disease characterized by recurrent attack of acute inflammatory arthritis caused by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood (hyperuricemia).
Gout: Very painful form of arthritis characterized by the formation of uric acid crystals and severe inflammation.
Gout is a metabolic disorder of purine metabolism, characterized by intermittent attacks of acute pain, swelling and inflammation. • It always preceded by hyperuricemia
Cardiac Rehabilitation has been defined as:
Coordinated, multifaceted interventions designed to optimize a cardiac patient’s physical, psychological, and social functioning so that they may, by their own efforts, resume and maintain as normal a place as possible in the community
Balance is the ability to control body position to maintain upright posture. It involves integration of sensory inputs and motor outputs. Balance training progresses from simple to complex tasks in positions like lying, sitting, kneeling, and standing static and dynamic exercises before walking, stairs, and community tasks. Assessment evaluates vision, sensation, vestibular function, range of motion, strength, and limits of stability. Treatment addresses sensory, strategy, musculoskeletal, and environmental factors through exercises, modifications, and assistive devices.
Preventing Patient Falls in Acute Care HospitalsJoe Tomsic
This document provides guidance for healthcare professionals developing falls and fall injury prevention programs. It outlines key factors that contribute to patient falls such as medications, mobility issues, and environmental hazards. The author recommends a multifactorial approach including fall risk screening, customized interventions, staff education, and monitoring programs. As a psychiatric nurse practitioner, the author is well-positioned to lead initiatives that address behavioral and cognitive risks for falls. Standardized communication tools like SBAR can help ensure fall risks are well-communicated between care teams.
Role of physiotherapy in fall prevention in geriatricRanjeet Singha
Falls are common in the elderly population and can lead to injuries, loss of mobility, and increased healthcare costs. Physiotherapy plays an important role in fall prevention for older adults. A multifactorial approach is most effective, including exercises targeting balance, strength, and risk factors like medications and behaviors. Suitable balance exercises for older adults include reaching, stepping, walking, sit-to-stand, and squats, with progression over time. Physiotherapists should implement well-designed exercise programs individually and in groups to help prevent falls in geriatric patients.
- The ACL originates on the lateral femoral condyle and inserts on the tibia, providing primary stability to prevent anterior tibial translation.
- Most ACL tears are non-contact injuries involving sudden deceleration, change of direction, or landing from a jump with the knee near full extension.
- Physical exam includes Lachman, anterior drawer, and pivot shift tests to assess knee stability. MRI is used to confirm ACL tear.
- Treatment options include conservative rehab for partial or low-grade tears or ACL reconstruction surgery using grafts like patellar tendon or hamstring tendons fixed with interference screws. Post-op rehab emphasizes early range of motion and weight bearing.
THE URINARY INCONTINENCE AND IT'S MANAGEMENT DETAILS WITH APPROPRIATE EXPLANATION
Introduction of urinary incontinence,
Etiology of urinary incontinence,
Risk factors associated with urinary incontinence,
Types of urinary incontinence,
Pathophysiology of Urinary incontinence,
Clinical manifestations of urinary incontinence,
Diagnostic evaluations of urinary incontinence,
Management of urinary incontinence- Behavioural techniques, Drug therapy, surgical management, medical devices and Physiotherapy assessment and management in details with appropriate explanation with the help of the SlideShare .
Telegram channel - https://t.me/bhuneshwarmishra08/4?single
Facebook page - https://m.facebook.com/Bhuneshwarmishra08/
Instagram page - https://www.instagram.com/the_perfect_physio_tutorial/?r=nametag
YouTube channel - https://youtube.com/channel/UCCIEa_xDe3B-6BLfQaJb8PQ
Positioning can improve oxygen transport and lung function in patients with cardiopulmonary dysfunction. Different positions like supine, side lying, and prone affect lung volumes and ventilation in different areas of the lungs. The supine position decreases lung capacity but improves ventilation distribution, while side lying improves ventilation in the dependent lung. Prone positioning increases lung capacity and decreases airway closure. Head down and forward leaning positions can relieve dyspnea. Upright positioning augments drug effects and improves ventilation-perfusion matching. Mobilization provides both acute benefits like increased ventilation and oxygen transport, as well as chronic benefits including increased exercise capacity and decreased cardiac workload.
This document outlines the physiotherapy management for various types of thoracic surgeries. It discusses:
1) Pre-operative and post-operative physiotherapy protocols for procedures like thoracotomy, pneumonectomy, pleurodesis, and thoracoplasty which involve breathing exercises, coughing techniques, ROM exercises, and early mobilization.
2) Common post-operative complications like pain, retained secretions, decreased mobility and focuses on ensuring analgesia and lung re-expansion exercises.
3) Timeline of post-operative physiotherapy starting from day of surgery, with progression of exercises and mobilization before discharge by 7-10 days on average.
Physiotherapy management of Multiple sclerosisKeerthi Priya
This document provides an overview of the physical therapy management of multiple sclerosis. It discusses assessing patients through examinations of vital signs, cognition, sensation, motor function, posture, balance, gait, locomotion, aerobic capacity, and functional independence. Short term goals include minimizing progression, preventing complications, and maintaining respiratory and functional abilities while long term goals focus on decreasing spasticity and improving strength, range of motion, balance, and activities of daily living. Management techniques for weaknesses, spasticity, ataxia, fatigue, locomotion, and swallowing are outlined, including exercises, stretches, electrical stimulation, and energy conservation methods.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in the pre and postoperative care of patients undergoing abdominal surgery. In the preoperative stage, physiotherapy focuses on assessing respiratory and circulatory function, educating the patient on breathing and mobility exercises, and training the patient to prevent postoperative complications. Postoperatively, physiotherapy aims to prevent pulmonary and circulatory issues through techniques like breathing exercises, early ambulation, and limb movement. The overall goals are to enhance recovery and mobility and ensure patients regain independence.
Falls are a common and serious problem for older adults. They can cause physical injuries like hip fractures as well as psychological issues like a fear of falling. A multifactorial assessment and intervention approach is recommended to prevent falls, which includes assessing vision, medications, home hazards, and exercise programs to improve balance and strength. Healthcare providers should routinely ask older patients about falls and recommend prevention strategies.
The document discusses wheelchairs and their components. It describes the basic parts of a wheelchair including the frame, tires, wheels, brakes, casters, push rims, footrests, backrests, armrests, seats, cushions, and anti-tip bars. It explains that wheelchairs come in different sizes for adults, children, and infants. The appropriate wheelchair must be prescribed based on the individual's needs and circumstances to provide maximum comfort.
physiotherapy management for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Sunil kumar
role of physiotherapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, principles of physical therapy management in copd, physiotherapy assessing and treatment for copd
Balance Training in Athletes and Elderly (Rehabilitation)Prochnost
This document discusses balance, including static and dynamic balance. It defines balance as maintaining the body's center of gravity over its base of support. Factors that affect balance include center of mass, center of gravity, momentum, base of support, and ground reaction forces. The body uses sensory inputs, the central nervous system, and muscle responses to maintain balance. Static balance refers to maintaining a stable position at rest, while dynamic balance involves stabilizing the body during movement. The document outlines several tests to assess static and dynamic balance and provides examples of static, semi-dynamic, and dynamic balance exercises. It describes a three-phase balance training program that progresses from non-ballistic static exercises to dynamic and sport-specific functional exercises.
The document discusses management for the elderly. It notes that aging begins at birth and ends at death. It discusses gerontology as the scientific study of aging and geriatrics as the branch of medicine dealing with illness in elderly people. The document outlines several steps for rejuvenation in old age, including eating a healthy diet, regular exercise like yoga, maintaining an active lifestyle, incorporating alternative therapies occasionally, and avoiding harmful habits like smoking. It also emphasizes the importance of love, care and understanding for the elderly.
Musculoskeletal Assessment (Principles and Concepts for Physiotherapists)Sreeraj S R
This document provides information about musculoskeletal assessment for physiotherapists. It discusses when assessment should occur, what it should include, and principles of subjective and objective assessment. For subjective assessment, it describes collecting information on history, pain history, and red flags. For objective assessment, it discusses observing gait, posture, deformities, skin changes, and performing palpation and special tests. Assessment aims to gather information on a patient's musculoskeletal issues through subjective reporting and objective examination.
Turf toe is an injury to the big toe caused by sudden forced extension of the toe upwards beyond its normal range of motion. This can occur during sports on hard artificial surfaces when an athlete's foot is forcibly stopped by their shoe gripping the ground. It damages the ligaments and joint capsule of the big toe, causing pain, swelling, and reduced motion. Treatment focuses on RICE and may include immobilization, physical therapy, or surgery for severe cases. Prevention involves wearing shoes with better support and limiting time on hard artificial surfaces.
The Fullerton test comprises 6 trials that enables the assessment of the upper and lower body strength, aerobic endurance, motor coordination, and balance.
Before the tests are started, a five- to ten-minute warm-up should be conducted as well as general stretching exercises performed. Prior to the commencement of and after the termination of the trials, arterial blood pressure and heart rate should be measured.
The document outlines strategies for physical therapy management in the acute stage after a stroke. It discusses positioning strategies, improving respiratory and circulatory function, preventing pressure sores and deconditioning. It then outlines various physical therapy interventions to improve sensory function, flexibility, strength, movement control, functional mobility, upper and lower limb function, balance, locomotion, aerobic function, swallowing, motor learning, and provides education to patients and families.
Gout is a metabolic disorder manifesting in primary or secondary forms characterized by hyperuricemia & joint lesions .
A metabolic disease characterized by recurrent attack of acute inflammatory arthritis caused by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood (hyperuricemia).
Gout: Very painful form of arthritis characterized by the formation of uric acid crystals and severe inflammation.
Gout is a metabolic disorder of purine metabolism, characterized by intermittent attacks of acute pain, swelling and inflammation. • It always preceded by hyperuricemia
Cardiac Rehabilitation has been defined as:
Coordinated, multifaceted interventions designed to optimize a cardiac patient’s physical, psychological, and social functioning so that they may, by their own efforts, resume and maintain as normal a place as possible in the community
Balance is the ability to control body position to maintain upright posture. It involves integration of sensory inputs and motor outputs. Balance training progresses from simple to complex tasks in positions like lying, sitting, kneeling, and standing static and dynamic exercises before walking, stairs, and community tasks. Assessment evaluates vision, sensation, vestibular function, range of motion, strength, and limits of stability. Treatment addresses sensory, strategy, musculoskeletal, and environmental factors through exercises, modifications, and assistive devices.
Preventing Patient Falls in Acute Care HospitalsJoe Tomsic
This document provides guidance for healthcare professionals developing falls and fall injury prevention programs. It outlines key factors that contribute to patient falls such as medications, mobility issues, and environmental hazards. The author recommends a multifactorial approach including fall risk screening, customized interventions, staff education, and monitoring programs. As a psychiatric nurse practitioner, the author is well-positioned to lead initiatives that address behavioral and cognitive risks for falls. Standardized communication tools like SBAR can help ensure fall risks are well-communicated between care teams.
This document outlines a fall prevention program for a hospital. It defines what constitutes a fall, notes that falls are common among elderly and confused patients and can result in serious injury. It stresses the importance of identifying patients at risk of falls through assessment tools like the Morse Fall Scale and implementing prevention strategies like hourly rounding, ensuring call lights and other items are within reach, and using devices to prevent falls for high-risk patients. The overall goal is to prevent falls and injuries to increase patient safety and reduce healthcare costs from fall-related injuries.
White County Medical Center has a fall prevention program to identify patients at risk and maximize safety. All patients are assessed for fall risk on admission and daily using a standardized tool. This places patients into risk levels of I (low), II (moderate), or III (high). Higher risk patients receive additional interventions like armbands, increased monitoring, and bed alarms. If a fall occurs, staff must notify leaders and complete reports to document and address the incident.
Falls are a major issue and collecting information about falls in the IIMS system allows for targeted prevention strategies. It is important to identify patient risk factors for falls through screening and put appropriate prevention measures in place, such as mobility aids, supplements for osteoporosis, and reviewing medications that could increase fall risk. Staff should communicate fall risks and prevention plans to ensure consistent care that keeps patients safe from falls.
This document outlines a falls prevention program with the objectives of maintaining patient safety, reducing injury risk, and determining how falls occur. It defines falls and near falls, identifies individual and environmental risk factors, and describes a protocol for assessing falls risk upon admission and after changes. The protocol includes implementing standard precautions like raising bed rails, hourly checks, and education for low, moderate, and high risk patients. It also describes post-fall care and reporting procedures.
The document discusses physiology related to human balance and equilibrium. It defines static and dynamic equilibrium and describes the key systems and structures involved in maintaining balance, including the vestibular system, cerebellum, and their interconnections. The cerebellum coordinates movement and balance through three main sections. The vestibular system detects head movement through five receptor organs in each inner ear and sends signals to the brainstem and cerebellum through the vestibular nerve and nuclei.
This document provides information about low back pain, including risk factors, prevention strategies, and when to seek medical help. It discusses back anatomy, forces acting on the spine, risk factors for injury such as repetitive lifting, and tips for proper lifting technique. It also notes that surgery is rarely needed and often not more effective than other treatments for back pain. Stretching and exercise may help but should avoid aggravating conditions, and back belts are not recommended or considered protective equipment.
Mobility is important to prevent complications from immobility and promote independence. Supporting ambulation involves walking with clients and providing assistance as needed based on their condition. Various walking aids like sticks and frames can help increase stability, and clients need supervision until confident walking independently with their aid. Common musculoskeletal disorders like arthritis and osteoporosis can affect mobility and cause pain, so treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, encouraging exercise and mobility aids, and preventing further issues like falls.
This document discusses common postural deformities in children and women, including kyphosis, lordosis, scoliosis, knock knees, bow legs, flat foot, and rounded shoulders. It provides information on the causes and corrective exercises for each condition. The document also covers special considerations for females, including menarche, menstrual dysfunction, and the female athlete triad of osteoporosis, amenorrhea, and eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
Introduction to low back pain
Reasons for low back pain
Epidemiology of LBP
Causes of LBP
Risk factors of LBP
Diagnosis of LBP
Treatment for LBP
Occupational therapy interventions for LBP
Manual handling involves lifting, lowering, pushing, pulling or carrying objects and can commonly cause injuries or musculoskeletal disorders of the back, neck, shoulders and arms. Risks from manual handling can be prevented through a systematic approach of identifying, assessing, and controlling risks. Proper techniques like maintaining a straight back, stable base, and lifting with the legs rather than the back can also help reduce injuries.
The World Health Organization has recommended the goal of promotion of Independent Function for programs addressing musculoskeletal pain. Pain sources, functional goals, biomechanical obstacles to recovery and the LASS strategic approach is described.
Women in Agriculture: Your Body, Your Toolsdhagenmaier
This document discusses women's involvement in agriculture and focuses on preventing injuries specific to women. It notes that women represent 30% of farm operators and their farms tend to be smaller and more diversified. Women's bodies differ significantly from men's in ways like lower strength and stature that impact injury risk. Common chronic injuries for women farmers include rotator cuff issues, tennis elbow, and carpal tunnel from repetitive tasks. The document emphasizes prevention through proper body mechanics, physical conditioning, altering risky tasks, and using ergonomic tools designed for women's bodies to reduce injury risks like awkward postures and heavy lifting.
The document provides guidance on proper squatting technique for athletic performance. It discusses the benefits of squatting for developing strength and neuromuscular function while minimizing injury risks. Different squat styles like Olympic, powerlifting, and athletic squats are described. Common errors in squatting technique are outlined along with recommendations for how to correct them, such as maintaining proper foot, bar, and body position. Accessories like bands, chains, and boxes are discussed but caution is advised to only use them with perfected technique.
Impair body alignment and mobility & nursing careyashwant ramawat
This document discusses intervention for impaired body alignment and mobility. It covers topics like alignment, balance, center of gravity, body mechanics, coordinated movement, joint mobility, and factors affecting mobility. It also discusses health promotion measures like physical fitness promotion, osteoporosis prevention, and injury prevention. The document defines types of exercises, range of motion exercises, and movement terms. It provides guidance on assessing clients before moving and positioning them and describes various methods for transporting injured casualties.
The document discusses spine care and low back pain. It notes that low back pain is the second most common cause of missed work days and leading cause of disability ages 19-45. Most episodes of low back pain are self-limited but become more frequent with age due to degeneration of the lumbar spine from repeated stress over many years. Common causes of back pain include disc herniation, disc degeneration, poor posture, improper lifting technique, and acute or repetitive injuries from activities like sports or occupational tasks. Surgical treatment for back pain may be considered for cases resistant to physical therapy and medication with positive MRI findings showing degenerative changes.
The document discusses World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for physical activity across different age groups. It then covers various postural deformities like knock knees, flat foot, kyphosis, lordosis, rounded shoulders, and provides corrective exercises and measures for each. It also discusses benefits of women's participation in sports including physical, psychological and social benefits, and how sports promote gender equality, empowerment and development. Finally, it covers menarche (first menstruation) which marks the onset of sexual maturity in girls usually between ages 8-15.
Poor posture can develop from injuries, diseases, habits, weakness, improper clothing, lack of exercise, occupation, pregnancy, pain, obesity, joint dysfunction, stress, central nervous system disorders, overwork, prolonged postures, and muscle fatigue. Poor posture can lead to sore muscles, spinal curvature changes, subluxations, blood vessel constriction, and nerve compression. Physiotherapy can help assess, diagnose, educate, and treat poor posture through manual therapy, exercises, and activity modifications. Maintaining good posture involves sitting, standing, lifting, and lying in ways that keep the spine's natural curves in alignment. Immediate attention to poor posture is needed to prevent long-term postural defects.
Manual material handling involves any activity that requires using bodily force to lift, lower, push, pull, carry or otherwise move objects. It is a common cause of occupational injuries. Some key points:
- MMH accounts for about one third of lost work time, compensation costs, and permanent worker disabilities due to back injuries each year.
- Risk factors for back injuries from MMH include fatigue from repetitive tasks, lifting improperly by bending at the waist instead of knees, lifting heavy or awkward loads, and poor physical conditioning.
- Proper lifting technique is important to prevent injury and includes getting close to the load, keeping it close to the body, lifting with legs and back straight, and avoiding twisting.
Back injuries are common, accounting for 1 in 5 workplace injuries. Lifting heavy objects, twisting, prolonged sitting or standing, and falls are common causes. The spine consists of vertebrae, discs, joints, ligaments and muscles that can be injured. Maintaining good posture and lifting techniques, exercising for back strength and flexibility, stretching, and being aware of ergonomic risks can help prevent back injuries.
Falls Risk Reduction And PreventionPhysical th.docxssuser454af01
Falls Risk Reduction
And Prevention
Physical therapists can use this Power Point to provide live educational sessions for Seniors or individuals who may be at risk for falls within the community.
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1 The American Geriatrics Society. AGS/BGS Clinical Practice Guideline: Prevention of Falls in Older Persons (2010). http://www.americangeriatrics.org/health_care_professionals/clinical_practice/clinical_guidelines_recommendations/2010/
What Is a Fall?An event whereby an individual unexpectedly comes to rest on the ground or another lower level without known loss of consciousness1
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Why Are Falls Important to Me? 1More than 1/3 of adults 65 and older fall each year in the United States. Among older adults, falls cause over 39% of injury deaths, making them the leading cause by a wide margin. In 2007, 18,334 people 65 and older died from injuries related to falls.
1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, http://www.cdc.gov/HomeandRecreationalSafety/Falls/adultfalls.html.
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Why Are Falls Important to Me? 1In 2009, 2.2 million people 65 and older were treated in emergency departments for nonfatal injuries from falls, and more than 581,000 of these patients were hospitalized. By 2020, the cost of fall injuries is expected to reach $54.9 billion (in 2007 dollars).
1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, http://www.cdc.gov/HomeandRecreationalSafety/Falls/adultfalls.html.
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Why Are Falls Important to Me?120% to 30% of people who fall suffer moderate-to-severe injuries such as bruises, hip fractures, or head traumas. Fall injuries can limit mobility and independent living, and can increase the risk of early death. Every hour, there are 2 deaths and 251 emergency department visits for falls-related injuries among older adults.
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1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,http://www.cdc.gov/HomeandRecreationalSafety/Falls/adultfalls.html.
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What Are the Risk Factors
For Falling?
Research shows that a combined effect of many interacting factors increases fall risk.2
Difficulty With Walking/Balance
Multiple
Medications
Dizziness
Muscle
Weakness
Foot Problems
Heart Rate/ Rhythm Problem
History of
Falls
Vision
Problems
2Panel on Prevention of Falls in Older Persons. Summary of the Updated American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatrics Society Clinical Practice Guideline for Prevention of Falls in Older Persons. American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatric Society.
http://www.americangeriatrics.org/health_care_professionals/clinical_practice/clinical_guidelines_recommendations/2010.
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Am I at Risk for Falling
As I Age?
Falling and fear of falling as you age should NOT be accepted as a “normal” process of aging.
The causes of falls can be found and addressed.
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Am I at Risk for Falling
As I Age?
There are certain changes that may cause people to fall:Less flexibility in the lower extremity jointsDecreased muscle strength around the ankles, knees, and hipsSlower walking speed ...
Bad posture increases pressure on your spine and can compress your internal organs.
This can lead to issues including:
Tension
Soreness
Headaches
Back pain
Fatigue
Bad posture can also diminish our breathing capacity by as much as 30%.
Back pain is pain felt in the back that usually originates from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine. However, internal structures such as the gallbladder and pancreas may also refer pain to the back. Most back pain is felt in the lower back.
Musculoskeletal Disorders & its Rehabilitation
common triger point
stages of physical therapy treatment
posture, gate, honey moon palsy,
scoliosis
sprain stain , club foot ,
The document discusses back injuries, their causes, and how to prevent them. It notes that over 1 million workers suffer back injuries each year costing billions. Back injuries are painful and make future injuries more likely. They occur due to stress on the spine from bending, lifting heavy objects, and daily activities. Proper lifting technique using leg muscles rather than the back can help prevent injury. Maintaining good posture, physical fitness, and a healthy weight also reduce risk.
Similar to Fall Prevention Through Physical Activity (20)
1. FALL PREVENTION
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY FOR BONE AND JOINTS
Michelle Clark, DPT
Senior Physical Therapist
Purchase Outpatient Clinic
Burke Rehabilitation Hospital
2. Falls and Injury Statistics
Are you at risk for a fall?
1 in 3 adults over the age of 65 fall each year
Is your home a fall hazard?
2/3 to 1/2 of falls occur in and around the home
Among older adults, falls are the leading cause of
nonfatal injuries and hospital admissions for trauma
3. Falls and Injury Statistics
$30 billion is spent annually on healthcare related to falls
Hip fractures are common fall injuries that can cause a loss
of independence and lead to nursing home placement
Falls are the leading cause of death from injury in people
age 65 or over
4. Who is at Risk?
The risk of falling increases exponentially with age
In 2001, the rates of fall injuries for adults 85 and older
were four to five times that of adults 65-74
Many people who fall, even if not injured, develop a
fear of falling
This fear may cause them to limit their activities, leading
to reduced mobility and physical fitness, and increasing
their actual risk of falling
5. Is Falling Normal in the Elderly?
Falls are not part of the normal aging process, but
are due to an interaction of underlying physical
dysfunction, medications, and environmental
hazards
As we age, our balance is effected and may increase
our risk for falling, but it is not normal to fall
7. Biological & Medical Risk Factors
Muscle weakness and reduced physical fitness
Impaired control of balance and gait
Vision changes
Chronic or acute illness
Physical disability
Cognitive impairment
Depression
8. Behavioral Risk Factors
History of previous falls
Risk-taking behavior
Taking 3 or more prescription medications
Excessive alcohol use
Anticoagulant therapy
Psychotropic and sleep/anxiety medications
Footwear, clothing and handbags
Inactivity and inadequate diet
Fear of falling
9. Environmental Risk Factors
Stairs
Uneven or excessively high or narrow steps
Slippery surfaces or unmarked edges
Discontinuous or poorly-fitted handrails
Factors in and around the house
Loose or uneven rugs
Inadequate or excessive lighting
Lack of grab bars or handrails in bathrooms
10. Environmental Risk Factors
More factors in and around the house
Appliance cords or other obstacles in walking routes
Items stored in high cupboards
Low furniture such as beds or chairs
Pets can be a tripping hazard
Factors in the public environment
Walks that are cracked or slippery from rain, snow or moss
11. Fear of Falling: A Vicious Circle
The fear of falling inactivity increased weakness
a fall increases the fear of falling
inactivity…
Inactivity is not the answer to preventing falls.
Inactivity can actually cause a fall!!
12. Falls Can Be Prevented…
Environmental
Adaptations
Gait Training
Lower Extremity
Balance Exercises
Strengthening
Exercises
Safety Education
14. Gait Training for the Elderly
When using an assistive device, make sure that you
are trained appropriately and that it is properly fit to
your height
Make sure that your cane tips or walker wheels are
not worn down or broken
15. Falls Can Be Prevented…
Environmental
Adaptations
Gait Training
Lower Extremity
Balance Exercises
Strengthening
Exercises
Safety Education
18. Strength Training
Strength training is one of the most effective and
easy ways to decrease fall risk
Regardless of age, strength can be increased
Increasing strength in leg muscles enables people to
continue to climb stairs and get out of chairs easily
Increasing strength increases muscle tone and
prevents bone loss
The stronger our legs are, the better our balance is
19. Exercise to Maintain Bone Health
Exercise is suggested for treatment of osteoporosis
Exercise as an intervention helps to maintain bone
mass or reduce age-related bone loss
Weight bearing exercises and balance training helps to
prevent fractures by maintaining bone density
Exercise preserves muscle strength and postural
stability to reduce the risk of falling and fracturing in
the later years
20. Benefits of Exercise
Increase your muscle strength
Improve your balance
Make you better able to carry out daily tasks and
activities
Maintain or improve your posture
Relieve or decrease pain
Improve your sense of well-being
21. Choose the Right Form of Exercise
Before starting any exercise program for
osteoporosis, consult your doctor
Get a bone density measurement
Because of the varying degrees of osteoporosis and the
risk of fracture, certain exercises may be discouraged –
you need to find out what exercises are appropriate
Exercising if you have osteoporosis means finding
the safest, most enjoyable activities for you, given
your overall health and amount of bone loss --
there's no one-size-fits-all prescription
22. Choose the Right Form of Exercise
Strength training exercises
Includes the use of free weights, weight machines,
resistance bands or water exercises
Improving posture can help reduce harmful stress on your
bones and maintain bone density
Weight-bearing aerobic activities
Exercise on your feet with your bones supporting your
weight
Walking, dancing, low-impact aerobics, elliptical training
machines, stair climbing and gardening
23. Choose the Right Form of Exercise
Flexibility exercises
Being able to move your joints through their full range of
motion helps you maintain good balance and prevent
muscle injury
Can also help improve your posture
Stability and balance exercises
Fall prevention is important for those with osteoporosis
Stability and balance exercises help your muscles work
together in a way that helps keep you more stable and
less likely to fall
24. Osteopenia and Osteoporosis
Once diagnosed with osteopenia or osteoporosis,
we cannot reverse it, but we can prevent it from
getting worse
When diagnosed with either of these conditions,
the likelihood of fracturing a bone when falling is
increased
We need to prevent falls to prevent fractures
25. What to Avoid with Osteoporosis
High-impact exercises, such as jumping, running or
jogging
These activities increase compression in your spine and
lower extremities and can lead to fractures in weakened
bones
Avoid jerky, rapid movements in general...choose
exercises with slow, controlled movements
26. What to Avoid with Osteoporosis
Exercises in which you bend forward and twist your
waist, such as touching your toes or doing sit-ups
These movements put pressure on the bones in your
spine, increasing your risk of compression fractures
Other activities that may require you to bend or twist
forcefully at the waist are golf, tennis, bowling and some
yoga poses
27. Lower Extremity Strengthening Exercises
Sit to stands from standard chair with arms across
chest
Static high knee marching, hamstring curls
Static straight leg forward, side and back kicks
Heel/toe raises
Walking
Forward or side step ups
Ascending or descending stairs
28. Falls Can Be Prevented…
Environmental
Adaptations
Gait Training
Lower Extremity
Balance Exercises
Strengthening
Exercises
Safety Education
30. Balance
Balance is complex – three sensory systems (vision,
proprioception/spatial orientation, vestibular
system) work together along with our muscles to
keep us balanced
Practice, practice, practice – balance can be
improved with practice
The more you do it, the better you will become at it – “use
it or lose it”
31. Static Balance Exercises
Surface type – standing on:
Floor
Pillow
Base of support – standing with:
Feet apart
Feet together
Tandem stance
Single leg stance
Additional challenges
Eyes open, eyes closed
Vertical and horizontal head turns
Cross body reaching
32. Dynamic Balance Exercises
Side stepping
Side stepping with braiding
Tandem walking
Heel walking, toe walking
Backward walking
Walking with vertical/horizontal head turns
Walking with eyes closed
Walking while tossing a ball
33. Falls Can Be Prevented…
Environmental
Adaptations
Gait Training
Lower Extremity
Balance Exercises
Strengthening
Exercises
Safety Education
35. Environmental Adaptations
Stairs
Repair broken or worn steps
Repair or install railings
Keep stairs free of clutter
Hallways
Add more overhead lighting for poorly lit areas
Remove throw rugs as they are a tripping hazard
Keep walkways clear as clutter can be dangerous
36. Environmental Adaptations
Kitchen
Put regularly used items on shelves within easy reach
between hip and eye level
If you must reach overhead, keep a stool handy
A long-handled grasper can be used to reach objects on
the floor
Wipe up spills as soon as they happen
37. Environmental Adaptations
Bathroom
Use night lights in bathrooms
Always use a non-skid bath/shower mat in order to
prevent falls in the bath or shower
Consider installing a non-skid shower chair and hand-held
shower head so you can sit while bathing
Install grab bars or handrails in the shower, on walls
around the bathtub, and alongside the toilet, where
necessary
38. Environmental Adaptations
Living Room
Try to sit on furniture with good back support that you can
get into and out of easily
Firm chairs with arm rests are easier to get out of
Add pillows to the back of the chair so your feet can touch
the floor
Telephones
In case you trip and fall, help is only a phone call away.
Keep emergency numbers readily available
39. Burke Home Assessment Program
“Helping people stay healthy and active in their
home.”
Evaluation includes:
In home evaluation and report with resources by an
Occupational Therapist
Checking safety and accessibility in all aspects of your
home
Recommendations for easier living
Formulating emergency care plans for client and family
members
For additional information call 914-597-2326
40. Falls Can Be Prevented…
Environmental
Adaptations
Gait Training
Lower Extremity
Balance Exercises
Strengthening
Exercises
Safety Education
42. Safety Education – Vision
Decreased depth perception
Highlight step edges using contrasting colored tape
Slowness of eyes adapting to darkness
Give your eyes time to adjust when entering a dark room
or entering from the outdoors – do not continue walking
until your eyes have changed
Carry a small flashlight with you
Increased sensitivity to glare
Wear sunglasses outdoors
Use blinds/sheer curtains
43. Safety Education – Medications
Know their effects
Keep an updated list of all medications and dosages
Review medications and possible interactions with
your doctor
44. Safety Education – Footwear, Clothing
Poor fitting shoes can cause painful feet, poor
balance, and could increase your risk of a fall
Get a good fit with a non-skid or rubber sole
Wear well fitting slippers with a back
Avoid tripping on your clothes – long dresses, coats,
even sleeves pose a risk for a fall
45. Safety Education – Body Mechanics
When bending or lifting, use your legs, not your
back.
This means bend your knees and keep your back straight.
Keeping your feet shoulder width apart creates a
wide base of support and improves balance
When lifting or carrying items, hold them close to
your body.
Carry objects at waist level; don’t block your vision.
46. Safety Education – If you fall…
Getting up after a fall
DON’T PANIC! Take a deep breath and take inventory,
make sure you are not injured. Roll onto your side.
If you are injured, use your reachable phone and call for assistance
or use your fall pendant
Get on to hands and knees.
Crawl, scoot, move along floor to a sturdy chair or couch.
Place one foot flat on floor and curl the toes on the other
foot so they are gripping the floor.
Use your arms and legs to push up and stand.
Turn around and sit on the chair or couch.
47. Six Quick Tips to Prevent Falls
1. Make an appointment with your doctor
2. Keep moving
3. Wear sensible shoes
4. Remove home hazards
5. Light up your living space
6. Use assistive devices
48. Physical Therapy
Don’t hesitate to call your doctor if you feel you
need one on one physical therapy to work on your
balance
If you feel that you are falling often or that your
balance is not as good as it was, we are here to help
you!!
49. QUESTIONS??
Thank you all so
much for your time
this afternoon! It was
a pleasure!