young children of human & animals all are equally vulnerable to insults very easily a sliight mistake can take away a precious diamond. Be care full this is sharing for that missing link.
Disabilities can occur at any age and for various reasons, and are defined as impairments, limitations in activities, or restrictions in participation. Causes of disabilities include both prenatal factors like genetic disorders, infections, or environmental exposures during pregnancy, as well as perinatal and postnatal causes such as prematurity, injuries, or illnesses. Prevention strategies aim to identify risks early through preconception counseling, prenatal screening, and newborn screening in order to provide early treatment or rehabilitation interventions that can reduce disabilities.
Earlydetectionandearlyintervention 140604141805-phpapp01Dr Saim Ali soomro
This document discusses early detection and early intervention in the framework of community-based rehabilitation (CBR) programs. It outlines that CBR programs can establish mechanisms for early screening activities to identify disabilities in babies and young children. This allows for early treatment or referral to other health services. CBR workers can also provide early intervention activities, usually home-based, and encourage playgroups to support child development. The document recommends CBR workers understand child development milestones and support inclusive early childhood education provisions.
The document discusses various aspects of disability in the Philippines. It states that 10% of the Philippine population has a disability, which could be higher according to WHO projections. Most disabled people in the Philippines live in poverty in rural areas and do not receive appropriate services. It then provides definitions and descriptions of different types of disabilities including physical, intellectual, sensory and other disabilities like ADHD, learning disabilities, autism and speech/language disorders. Causes and functional implications of each disability are described.
C:\Documents And Settings\R Gaines\Desktop\Grad School\Engl 613\Final\Genetic...rachelgaines
This document provides information about the career of a genetic counselor, including what they do, required education and training, work settings, and salaries. It describes the roles and responsibilities of prenatal, pediatric, and cancer genetic counselors. The document also outlines the application process and prerequisites for accredited genetic counseling graduate programs in the United States.
The slide content for the seminar done by Group 1, UM Masters in Public Health 2017/2018 students entitled, People With Special Needs: Children With Disability.
Disclaimer
All of the information is mainly for educational purposes.
Youtube link for the presentation:
https://youtu.be/U-B6AwjVKeU
Ethical , legal and psychosocial issues in genetic testing ppt use in OBGsonal patel
This document discusses the ethical, legal and psychosocial issues related to genetic testing. It notes that genetic testing can help identify asymptomatic individuals at risk for late-onset diseases or disease susceptibilities, but this brings up significant legal, ethical and psychosocial concerns if negative implications are found. It emphasizes informing and counseling affected families, promoting well-being, and respecting individuals' interests and abilities to make their own decisions. Key issues addressed include potential benefits and harms of testing, psychosocial impacts, family decision-making processes, and the role of healthcare providers.
physically ans mentally challenged children has diffirent and special needs that to be addressed definitely in health care which usually doesnt happens
Disabilities can occur at any age and for various reasons, and are defined as impairments, limitations in activities, or restrictions in participation. Causes of disabilities include both prenatal factors like genetic disorders, infections, or environmental exposures during pregnancy, as well as perinatal and postnatal causes such as prematurity, injuries, or illnesses. Prevention strategies aim to identify risks early through preconception counseling, prenatal screening, and newborn screening in order to provide early treatment or rehabilitation interventions that can reduce disabilities.
Earlydetectionandearlyintervention 140604141805-phpapp01Dr Saim Ali soomro
This document discusses early detection and early intervention in the framework of community-based rehabilitation (CBR) programs. It outlines that CBR programs can establish mechanisms for early screening activities to identify disabilities in babies and young children. This allows for early treatment or referral to other health services. CBR workers can also provide early intervention activities, usually home-based, and encourage playgroups to support child development. The document recommends CBR workers understand child development milestones and support inclusive early childhood education provisions.
The document discusses various aspects of disability in the Philippines. It states that 10% of the Philippine population has a disability, which could be higher according to WHO projections. Most disabled people in the Philippines live in poverty in rural areas and do not receive appropriate services. It then provides definitions and descriptions of different types of disabilities including physical, intellectual, sensory and other disabilities like ADHD, learning disabilities, autism and speech/language disorders. Causes and functional implications of each disability are described.
C:\Documents And Settings\R Gaines\Desktop\Grad School\Engl 613\Final\Genetic...rachelgaines
This document provides information about the career of a genetic counselor, including what they do, required education and training, work settings, and salaries. It describes the roles and responsibilities of prenatal, pediatric, and cancer genetic counselors. The document also outlines the application process and prerequisites for accredited genetic counseling graduate programs in the United States.
The slide content for the seminar done by Group 1, UM Masters in Public Health 2017/2018 students entitled, People With Special Needs: Children With Disability.
Disclaimer
All of the information is mainly for educational purposes.
Youtube link for the presentation:
https://youtu.be/U-B6AwjVKeU
Ethical , legal and psychosocial issues in genetic testing ppt use in OBGsonal patel
This document discusses the ethical, legal and psychosocial issues related to genetic testing. It notes that genetic testing can help identify asymptomatic individuals at risk for late-onset diseases or disease susceptibilities, but this brings up significant legal, ethical and psychosocial concerns if negative implications are found. It emphasizes informing and counseling affected families, promoting well-being, and respecting individuals' interests and abilities to make their own decisions. Key issues addressed include potential benefits and harms of testing, psychosocial impacts, family decision-making processes, and the role of healthcare providers.
physically ans mentally challenged children has diffirent and special needs that to be addressed definitely in health care which usually doesnt happens
Genetic counseling provides information about inherited disorders and allows people to make informed choices about reproduction. It identifies carriers of genetic mutations and assesses the risks of parents passing diseases to children. Counseling addresses factors like family history, consanguinity, environmental exposures, nutrition, and lifestyle that can impact genetic risks. It recommends preventive measures like avoiding smoking, maintaining a healthy diet and exercise, immunizations, and genetic screening for couples at risk of passing on diseases.
Genetic Testing in Neonates and Children - Screening for chromosomal abnormal...Prakash Patil
Genetic testing in neonates and children can help diagnose congenital abnormalities. Around 1 in 35 children are born with congenital anomalies that affect development or functioning. Common birth defects in India include congenital heart disease, deafness, and neural tube defects. Genetic testing techniques like karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), and next generation sequencing (NGS) can help identify genetic disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, and mutations that cause congenital anomalies. Genetic testing provides medical benefits through diagnosis but also raises issues regarding psychological impacts, reproductive choice, and potential harms.
The document discusses autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the United States. Some key points:
- Prevalence of ASD in the US is estimated at 1 in 68 births.
- Over 3.5 million Americans live with ASD, which is the fastest-growing developmental disability.
- ASD increased 119.4% from 2000 to 2010.
- Caring for individuals with ASD costs $236-262 billion annually in the US, with most costs going to services for adults.
Genetic Testing in Neonates and Children - Screening for developmental delay ...Prakash Patil
This document discusses genetic testing in neonates and children. It describes developmental delay and dysmorphism, the risk factors, types of delays, screening tests used to detect delays, treatment options, common dysmorphic features, and investigations for dysmorphism. Genetic testing can screen for developmental delays and birth defects through various prenatal and postnatal screening methods to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment.
Genetic counseling is a process that provides information about inherited disorders to allow informed choices about reproduction and management. It follows the characteristics of counseling by communicating between counselors and families confronting genetic disorders. The steps of genetic counseling involve taking an accurate history, constructing a pedigree chart, estimating risk, transmitting information, and discussing management options. Genetic counselors work with prenatal, pediatric, adult, and cancer populations to assess risk and discuss testing and management of genetic conditions. Nurses play a role in guiding patients, assisting with decisions, coordinating care, and providing support.
The child with special health care needsAndre Sookdar
The document discusses children with special health care needs, defined as those who require more health services than other children due to chronic physical, developmental, behavioral or emotional conditions. It outlines the medical and social models of disability and provides statistics on children with disabilities. It describes the challenges faced by children with chronic illnesses and their families and emphasizes the importance of a medical home that provides family-centered, comprehensive and coordinated care through transitions from infancy to adulthood.
This document discusses different types of disabilities. It defines disability as an impairment that can be physical, cognitive, mental, sensory or developmental. Disabilities can be present from birth or occur during a person's lifetime. The document then describes the main types of disabilities as physical, sensory, and mental health-related. Physical disabilities limit mobility while sensory disabilities impair senses like vision or hearing. The document provides examples of vision impairments, hearing impairments, and defines mental disorders as psychological or behavioral patterns seen as outside of normal development.
1) Transitioning patients with special health care needs from pediatric to adult oral healthcare can be challenging. The goal is to help patients reach their maximum potential through developmentally appropriate healthcare services that continue from adolescence to adulthood.
2) Most respondents said the predominant transition age was between 18-20 years for patients with SHCNs. The major barrier to transition was a lack of availability of general dentists and specialists trained to treat patients with SHCNs.
3) Educational programs for dentists need to include strategies and protocols for effectively transitioning adolescent patients with SHCNs to appropriate adult oral healthcare.
The document discusses physical disabilities and impairments, noting that there is no direct link between intelligence and severity of physical limitations. It aims to alter environments so children with physical disabilities can function. Having a physical impairment alone does not require special education placement; environmental and functional demands determine handicaps. The document outlines categories of physical disabilities including orthopedic, neurological, musculoskeletal and other health impairments. It discusses assessing students' abilities and needs, curriculum considerations, educational programming and potential IEP goals for students with physical or health impairments.
This document discusses health promotion and wellness from infancy through adolescence. In infancy, it emphasizes the importance of breastfeeding, nutrition, health care, immunizations, and managing common illnesses. For early and middle childhood, it focuses on eating patterns, maintaining a healthy weight, preventing accidental injury, and staying up-to-date on immunizations. Finally, it examines key health issues in adolescence such as sexuality/STIs, drugs/alcohol/tobacco use, eating disorders, and depression/suicide. The goal is to provide information to support healthy development at each life stage.
The document discusses impairment, disability, and handicap. It defines impairment as any loss or abnormality of body structure or function, disability as a restriction in performing activities considered normal, and handicap as limitations preventing fulfillment of roles regarded as normal based on social and cultural factors. It also discusses attitudes toward disability, differences in how disabled people perceive their situation, mechanisms for coping with handicaps such as shock, denial, anger, depression, and guilt, and the roles of social factors and staff attitudes.
This document discusses promoting wellbeing and embracing positive sexual health for children and young people. It notes that tackling inequalities in childhood can reduce health issues later in life. Schools will now be required by law to promote students' wellbeing, including protecting them from harm. The UK ranks poorly compared to other countries in measures of child wellbeing such as risky behaviors like unprotected sex and drinking. Embracing positive sexual health for youth requires participation and guidance to help lower risks while supporting youth development.
Congenital anomalies include structural, functional, and biochemical disorders present at birth. The global incidence is 30-70 per 1000 live births, and in India it is 2.5-4%. Genetic and environmental factors can cause congenital anomalies. Genetic counseling provides information to families about genetic disorders and helps prevent transmission of hereditary conditions. Measures to prevent congenital anomalies include promoting pre-pregnancy health, immunizations, avoiding teratogens and infections during pregnancy, and prenatal screening and diagnosis.
‘Choice or eugenics? Past and future cultures of prenatal surveillance and se...ParentingCultureStudies
This document discusses the history and current state of prenatal screening and genetic testing. It describes how antenatal care has evolved to include various screening methods to monitor fetal health and identify genetic risks. While initially aimed at reducing disabilities, these technologies now primarily support individual reproductive autonomy and choice. However, their expansion has also prompted debates around eugenics and the limits of selection.
Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. It causes delays in physical and intellectual development. The majority of cases are caused by nondisjunction during meiosis resulting in three copies of chromosome 21 rather than the typical two. Clinical features include a flat face, almond shaped eyes, poor muscle tone, and intellectual disability. Treatment is symptomatic and involves supportive care, early intervention, physical/occupational therapy, and addressing any associated health issues. Nursing care focuses on monitoring development, providing support to develop self-care skills, managing infections risks, and supporting the family.
This document provides information about multiple disabilities in children. It defines multiple disabilities as children having two or more disabling conditions that affect learning or life functions. The prevalence is estimated between 0.2 to 0.5 per 100 children. Causes include genetic, developmental, metabolic, prenatal/perinatal complications, accidents, and infections. Early assessment of areas like movement, vision/hearing, intelligence, and adaptive behavior is suggested. Characteristics include limited communication, difficulty with physical skills, forgetting skills over time, and needing support for activities. Suggested strategies include individualized learning, adaptive skills development, physical therapy, and alternative communication methods. A team-based approach is recommended. Effects can be developmentally devastating but addressed
Promote children's social emotional and behavioral healthlimiacorlin
State policymakers can promote children's social, emotional, and behavioral health through a continuum of strategies. An effective approach establishes aspirations and uses data to drive decisions, measure progress, and ensure accountability. Key elements include supporting healthy development, families, and treatment for those in need. Data on conditions like autism and ADHD in children informs target-setting to improve outcomes. Recommended strategies begin with promoting early childhood social and emotional development through initiatives to increase public understanding and integrating support into existing programs.
Bernadette Madrid, University of the Philippines, Director of the Child Protection Unit, Philippines - Parenting support in the context of violence prevention, Expert Consultation on Family and Parenting Support, UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti Florence 26-27 May 2014
Genetic counseling provides information about inherited disorders and allows people to make informed choices about reproduction. It identifies carriers of genetic mutations and assesses the risks of parents passing diseases to children. Counseling addresses factors like family history, consanguinity, environmental exposures, nutrition, and lifestyle that can impact genetic risks. It recommends preventive measures like avoiding smoking, maintaining a healthy diet and exercise, immunizations, and genetic screening for couples at risk of passing on diseases.
Genetic Testing in Neonates and Children - Screening for chromosomal abnormal...Prakash Patil
Genetic testing in neonates and children can help diagnose congenital abnormalities. Around 1 in 35 children are born with congenital anomalies that affect development or functioning. Common birth defects in India include congenital heart disease, deafness, and neural tube defects. Genetic testing techniques like karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), and next generation sequencing (NGS) can help identify genetic disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, and mutations that cause congenital anomalies. Genetic testing provides medical benefits through diagnosis but also raises issues regarding psychological impacts, reproductive choice, and potential harms.
The document discusses autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the United States. Some key points:
- Prevalence of ASD in the US is estimated at 1 in 68 births.
- Over 3.5 million Americans live with ASD, which is the fastest-growing developmental disability.
- ASD increased 119.4% from 2000 to 2010.
- Caring for individuals with ASD costs $236-262 billion annually in the US, with most costs going to services for adults.
Genetic Testing in Neonates and Children - Screening for developmental delay ...Prakash Patil
This document discusses genetic testing in neonates and children. It describes developmental delay and dysmorphism, the risk factors, types of delays, screening tests used to detect delays, treatment options, common dysmorphic features, and investigations for dysmorphism. Genetic testing can screen for developmental delays and birth defects through various prenatal and postnatal screening methods to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment.
Genetic counseling is a process that provides information about inherited disorders to allow informed choices about reproduction and management. It follows the characteristics of counseling by communicating between counselors and families confronting genetic disorders. The steps of genetic counseling involve taking an accurate history, constructing a pedigree chart, estimating risk, transmitting information, and discussing management options. Genetic counselors work with prenatal, pediatric, adult, and cancer populations to assess risk and discuss testing and management of genetic conditions. Nurses play a role in guiding patients, assisting with decisions, coordinating care, and providing support.
The child with special health care needsAndre Sookdar
The document discusses children with special health care needs, defined as those who require more health services than other children due to chronic physical, developmental, behavioral or emotional conditions. It outlines the medical and social models of disability and provides statistics on children with disabilities. It describes the challenges faced by children with chronic illnesses and their families and emphasizes the importance of a medical home that provides family-centered, comprehensive and coordinated care through transitions from infancy to adulthood.
This document discusses different types of disabilities. It defines disability as an impairment that can be physical, cognitive, mental, sensory or developmental. Disabilities can be present from birth or occur during a person's lifetime. The document then describes the main types of disabilities as physical, sensory, and mental health-related. Physical disabilities limit mobility while sensory disabilities impair senses like vision or hearing. The document provides examples of vision impairments, hearing impairments, and defines mental disorders as psychological or behavioral patterns seen as outside of normal development.
1) Transitioning patients with special health care needs from pediatric to adult oral healthcare can be challenging. The goal is to help patients reach their maximum potential through developmentally appropriate healthcare services that continue from adolescence to adulthood.
2) Most respondents said the predominant transition age was between 18-20 years for patients with SHCNs. The major barrier to transition was a lack of availability of general dentists and specialists trained to treat patients with SHCNs.
3) Educational programs for dentists need to include strategies and protocols for effectively transitioning adolescent patients with SHCNs to appropriate adult oral healthcare.
The document discusses physical disabilities and impairments, noting that there is no direct link between intelligence and severity of physical limitations. It aims to alter environments so children with physical disabilities can function. Having a physical impairment alone does not require special education placement; environmental and functional demands determine handicaps. The document outlines categories of physical disabilities including orthopedic, neurological, musculoskeletal and other health impairments. It discusses assessing students' abilities and needs, curriculum considerations, educational programming and potential IEP goals for students with physical or health impairments.
This document discusses health promotion and wellness from infancy through adolescence. In infancy, it emphasizes the importance of breastfeeding, nutrition, health care, immunizations, and managing common illnesses. For early and middle childhood, it focuses on eating patterns, maintaining a healthy weight, preventing accidental injury, and staying up-to-date on immunizations. Finally, it examines key health issues in adolescence such as sexuality/STIs, drugs/alcohol/tobacco use, eating disorders, and depression/suicide. The goal is to provide information to support healthy development at each life stage.
The document discusses impairment, disability, and handicap. It defines impairment as any loss or abnormality of body structure or function, disability as a restriction in performing activities considered normal, and handicap as limitations preventing fulfillment of roles regarded as normal based on social and cultural factors. It also discusses attitudes toward disability, differences in how disabled people perceive their situation, mechanisms for coping with handicaps such as shock, denial, anger, depression, and guilt, and the roles of social factors and staff attitudes.
This document discusses promoting wellbeing and embracing positive sexual health for children and young people. It notes that tackling inequalities in childhood can reduce health issues later in life. Schools will now be required by law to promote students' wellbeing, including protecting them from harm. The UK ranks poorly compared to other countries in measures of child wellbeing such as risky behaviors like unprotected sex and drinking. Embracing positive sexual health for youth requires participation and guidance to help lower risks while supporting youth development.
Congenital anomalies include structural, functional, and biochemical disorders present at birth. The global incidence is 30-70 per 1000 live births, and in India it is 2.5-4%. Genetic and environmental factors can cause congenital anomalies. Genetic counseling provides information to families about genetic disorders and helps prevent transmission of hereditary conditions. Measures to prevent congenital anomalies include promoting pre-pregnancy health, immunizations, avoiding teratogens and infections during pregnancy, and prenatal screening and diagnosis.
‘Choice or eugenics? Past and future cultures of prenatal surveillance and se...ParentingCultureStudies
This document discusses the history and current state of prenatal screening and genetic testing. It describes how antenatal care has evolved to include various screening methods to monitor fetal health and identify genetic risks. While initially aimed at reducing disabilities, these technologies now primarily support individual reproductive autonomy and choice. However, their expansion has also prompted debates around eugenics and the limits of selection.
Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. It causes delays in physical and intellectual development. The majority of cases are caused by nondisjunction during meiosis resulting in three copies of chromosome 21 rather than the typical two. Clinical features include a flat face, almond shaped eyes, poor muscle tone, and intellectual disability. Treatment is symptomatic and involves supportive care, early intervention, physical/occupational therapy, and addressing any associated health issues. Nursing care focuses on monitoring development, providing support to develop self-care skills, managing infections risks, and supporting the family.
This document provides information about multiple disabilities in children. It defines multiple disabilities as children having two or more disabling conditions that affect learning or life functions. The prevalence is estimated between 0.2 to 0.5 per 100 children. Causes include genetic, developmental, metabolic, prenatal/perinatal complications, accidents, and infections. Early assessment of areas like movement, vision/hearing, intelligence, and adaptive behavior is suggested. Characteristics include limited communication, difficulty with physical skills, forgetting skills over time, and needing support for activities. Suggested strategies include individualized learning, adaptive skills development, physical therapy, and alternative communication methods. A team-based approach is recommended. Effects can be developmentally devastating but addressed
Promote children's social emotional and behavioral healthlimiacorlin
State policymakers can promote children's social, emotional, and behavioral health through a continuum of strategies. An effective approach establishes aspirations and uses data to drive decisions, measure progress, and ensure accountability. Key elements include supporting healthy development, families, and treatment for those in need. Data on conditions like autism and ADHD in children informs target-setting to improve outcomes. Recommended strategies begin with promoting early childhood social and emotional development through initiatives to increase public understanding and integrating support into existing programs.
Bernadette Madrid, University of the Philippines, Director of the Child Protection Unit, Philippines - Parenting support in the context of violence prevention, Expert Consultation on Family and Parenting Support, UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti Florence 26-27 May 2014
The document summarizes key findings from the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study about the prevalence and health impacts of ACEs. Some of the main points covered include:
- ACEs are common in Wisconsin, with over half of adults experiencing at least one type of abuse, neglect, or household dysfunction during childhood.
- Experiencing ACEs increases the risk of health problems, risky behaviors, and lower socioeconomic status as an adult.
- Preventing ACEs could significantly improve public health by reducing health risks and utilization of social services. Ongoing data collection and building more trauma-informed systems of care are important next steps.
Early Learning Experiences - ebookschoice.comnoblex1
Documented efforts to enhance the development of children, especially to remediate the consequences of deprivation, have taken place since the early nineteenth century, when researchers learned that certain types of early experience were essential for the emergence of high intellectual functioning. More recently, studies of children in orphanages in the 1950s and 1960s initiated the investigation of what young children need to ensure healthy growth and development.
Source: https://ebookschoice.com/early-learning-experiences/
The document discusses how information sharing through electronic records can help improve outcomes for children in foster care. It notes that foster children face unique challenges including trauma, frequent placement changes, and higher rates of special needs that require coordinated care. However, states and localities also face high medical costs for this population. The document advocates for cross-sector information sharing between agencies through tools like a Health Education Passport to better coordinate services and improve outcomes while lowering costs. Examples from other areas that have implemented similar systems show improved access to care and reduced psychiatric hospitalizations.
Measuring What Matters for Child Well-being and Policies - Key messages in a ...StatsCommunications
Key messages from the OECD publication Measuring What Matters for Child Well-being and Policies, launched on 1st July 2021. More information at https://www.oecd.org/wise/measuring-what-matters-for-child-well-being-and-policies-e82fded1-en.htm
1) Adolescence is a period of unique biological, neurological, and psychological changes between puberty and adulthood. It represents three windows of opportunity: changing body and mind, catching up on vulnerabilities, and influencing later life outcomes.
2) Evidence shows interventions should be age-appropriate, gender-responsive, and address contextual risks like education, employment, family environment, and gender norms. Parenting programs can improve relationships and reduce risky behaviors.
3) Coherent policies are needed that coordinate minimum ages, focus on both risks and participation, and support marginalized youth. Gaps that allow children to leave school before work or marry too young need closing.
Maternal and Child Mental Health_Senefeld CORE Group
The pilot project assessed maternal mental health and early childhood development in Kenya. It found high rates of perinatal depression (68%) and low social support (68%) among mothers. A follow-up study found elevated rates of anxiety (66.7%) and depression (66.7%) among primary caregivers, and negative correlations between caregiver depression and children's development. The project is providing family support and parenting programs, and referring children for developmental delays. Additional research is still needed on how interventions impact child outcomes.
FidelityEHR Care Coordination eBook Final PrintMatt Schubert
FidelityEHR is an electronic health record designed to support coordinated care models and improve outcomes for children and youth with behavioral and mental health challenges. It was developed based on evidence-based practices like system of care and wraparound models. FidelityEHR allows for family-driven, youth-guided care by capturing each person's insights and preferences. It also supports culturally competent, individualized, and community-based care. The platform facilitates team collaboration and tracks outcomes to help organizations deliver high-fidelity coordinated care.
FidelityEHR is an electronic health record designed to support coordinated care models and improve outcomes for children and youth with behavioral and mental health challenges. It was developed based on evidence-based practices like system of care and wraparound models. FidelityEHR allows for family-driven, youth-guided care by capturing each person's insights and preferences. It also supports culturally competent, individualized, and community-based care. The platform facilitates team collaboration and tracks outcomes to help organizations deliver high-fidelity coordinated care.
Transforming Care: Share and Learn Webinar – 29 March 2018NHS England
Topic One: "The ERIN Initiative"
Guest speakers: Susan Holloway, NHS Chorley & South Ribble CCG and NHS Greater Preston CCG and Sheila Roberts, Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust
The aim of "The ERIN (Education, Resources, Interventions and Networking) Initiative" is to provide a local, accessible, responsive, early assessment and intervention service for children aged 0-5 years who may be placed on the pre-school Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) pathway.
This webinar reports on the progress made during a pilot which commenced on 1st October 2017 to implement a service which deals with complex/challenging behaviors of children who may or may not go on to have a diagnosis with autism.
Topic Two: An introduction and brief overview of the Source4Networks platform
Session led by Rob Cockburn, Sustainable Improvement Team, NHS England
This topic provides an introduction and brief overview of the Source4Networks platform and its potential to support the Transforming Care Programme.
Family life is important for many reasons. Firstly, it provides us with a sense of belonging and identity. Our family members are the people who are closest to us and know us the best. They provide us with emotional support, comfort, and guidance throughout our lives. Secondly, family life helps to shape our values and beliefs. Children learn from their parents and siblings about what is important in life, what is right and wrong, and how to interact with others. Finally, family life can be a source of joy and happiness. Spending time with loved ones and creating memories together can be incredibly fulfilling and rewarding. Family is an integral part of our social and emotional lives. It provides us with a sense of connection and belonging that is hard to find elsewhere. Our family members are the people who know us the best and are always there for us, no matter what. They provide us with emotional support, comfort, and guidance throughout our lives, helping us navigate the ups and downs that come with life.
Moreover, family life plays a crucial role in shaping our values and beliefs. Children learn from their parents and siblings about what is important in life, what is right and wrong, and how to interact with others. They learn about their cultural and religious traditions and the customs that define their family. This early learning forms the foundation of our beliefs and values that can guide us throughout our lives.
Finally, family life can be a source of joy and happiness. Spending time with loved ones and creating memories together can be incredibly fulfilling and rewarding. Whether it's enjoying a family dinner, playing games or taking a vacation together, these shared experiences help us bond and strengthen our relationships. These memories become a source of comfort and joy, especially during difficult times.
Overall, family life is essential to our personal growth, development, and happiness. It provides us with a sense of identity and belonging, shapes our values and beliefs, and creates a source of joy and happiness that is hard to find elsewhere.Overall, family life is essential to our personal growth, development, and happiness. It provides us with a sense of identity and belonging, shapes our values and beliefs, and creates a source of joy and happiness that is hard to find elsewhere. Overall, family life is essential to our personal growth, development, and happiness. It provides us with a sense of identity and belonging, shapes our values and beliefs, and creates a source of joy and happiness that is hard to find elsewhere.Overall, family life is essential to our personal growth, development, and happiness. It provides us with a sense of identity and belonging, shapes our values and beliefs, and creates a source of joy and happiness that is hard to find elsewhere.Overall, family life is essential to our personal growth, development, and happiness. It provides us with a sense of identity and belonging, shapes our values
ISPCAN Jamaica 2018 - The Impact of Domestic Violence on Children's Functioni...Christine Wekerle
The Impact of Domestic Violence on Children's Functioning: Care Planning Approaches to Foster Trauma-Informed Care
Shannon Stewart, Yasmin Garad, Natalia Lapshini
Maximizing System-Level Data to Address Health and Social Complexity in ChildrenLucilePackardFoundation
An innovative methodology using system-level data to identify children with health complexity, that is based on medical and social complexity, is transforming how they consider improving quality of care in Oregon. Learn about this new standardized approach, developed by the Oregon Pediatric Improvement Partnership and Oregon Health Authority, and how it has helped inform priority areas, potential policy improvements, investments and partnerships in support of children with health complexity.
This document discusses the high costs of child abuse and neglect on physical and psychological well-being. Children who experience abuse have greater health needs and costs, with estimated lifetime costs per victim of over $200,000. The document outlines opportunities for states to partner across agencies to address the health needs of at-risk children, including Section 1115 waivers, health homes, care coordination, and data sharing initiatives. These partnerships aim to provide early intervention and reduce long-term health costs and risks while improving outcomes.
The document discusses achieving emotional wellbeing for looked after children. It finds that looked after children are approximately four times more likely to have mental health issues than other children. It identifies five priorities for improving support: embedding wellbeing throughout the system, taking a proactive approach, giving children voice, supporting relationships, and aiding care leavers' needs. Analysis suggests that lack of support for wellbeing could be more costly than preventing placement breakdowns through specialist help. The report calls for a whole system focus on children's wellbeing across social care and health.
The document discusses youth with involvement in multiple county systems such as child welfare, juvenile justice, and mental health systems, also known as crossover or dually-involved youth. It notes that disproportionate numbers of these youth are female, African American, or LGBTQIA+, and the majority struggle with mental health or substance use issues. The document provides an overview of challenges in supporting these youth and considers best practices such as using a comprehensive model like the Crossover Youth Practice Model, prioritizing prevention, engaging organizations like Youth Advocate Programs, asking families what supports they need, and providing stability during transitions.
The document discusses the Strengthening Families approach to child abuse prevention. It focuses on promoting protective factors in families rather than targeting families based on risk factors. The protective factors framework emphasizes parental resilience, social connections, knowledge of parenting and child development, concrete support in times of need, and children's social and emotional competence. The approach aims to strengthen all families through partnerships with organizations already serving families and by integrating the framework into existing systems and policies.
During most of June 2020, Special Needs Jungle offered a survey of to our readers, to ask them about some of the aspects of support their children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) had received during lockdown. This period was over two months after schools had closed and included the period when all children with EHCPs and selected year groups in primary should have been returning. It also included some specialist colleges that were allowed to reopen from June 15th.
Find the main article here: https://www.specialneedsjungle.com/coronavirus-send-education-survey/
This document discusses a proposed study comparing dilatational percutaneous tracheostomy (PDT) to surgical tracheostomy. The study aims to show that PDT is less time consuming and has a lower rate of complications than surgical tracheostomy. It also aims to prove that PDT is more economical and will replace surgical tracheostomy in intensive care units. The document provides background on the history and types of tracheostomies. It outlines the hypothesis, aims, operational definitions, study design, sample size, inclusion/exclusion criteria, data collection and analysis process for the proposed study comparing PDT to surgical tracheostomy.
Prenatal development occurs in three stages: germinal, embryonic, and fetal. During the germinal stage, the fertilized egg implants in the uterus and begins cell division. In the embryonic stage, organs begin to form through organogenesis. The fetal period begins at 8 weeks when organogenesis is complete and the fetus continues growing and developing until birth. Risks during prenatal development include teratogens like alcohol, drugs, and infections from the mother. Critical periods of development include implantation and organogenesis when the fetus is most vulnerable. The birth process involves three stages of labor and delivery options like Lamaze or home birth. Assessments of the neonate include Apgar scores and routine tests are done to prevent issues.
The National Institute of Special Education (NISE) was established in 1986 to provide training and education services related to special education and rehabilitation of children with disabilities in Pakistan. NISE develops curriculum and materials for teachers, runs national and international seminars, and conducts research on teaching and learning issues for children with disabilities. It provides long and short-term training courses on specialized areas like physical impairment, hearing impairment, mental retardation, visual impairment, and more. Trainees include professionals from federal and provincial governments as well as NGOs working with people with disabilities. Going forward, NISE aims to expand its academic offerings and establish a Center of Excellence in special education.
This document discusses early detection and early intervention in the context of community-based rehabilitation (CBR) programs. It outlines that CBR programs can establish mechanisms for early screening activities to identify disabilities in babies and young children. This allows for early treatment or referral to other health services. CBR workers can provide follow-up after screenings and identify barriers to service provision. The document also notes the importance of early intervention activities, usually home-based, and encouraging playgroups to support child development. CBR workers should understand child development milestones and support inclusive early childhood education.
This document provides an overview of dyspraxia, which is defined as an impairment in the organization of movement leading to problems with language, perception, and thought. It discusses potential causes of dyspraxia including birth trauma or lack of nutrients, and theories that it is caused by neurons failing to develop correctly. It outlines different types of coordination challenges that dyspraxic individuals face, such as whole body coordination, eye-hand coordination, fine motor skills, and crossing the body midline. The document concludes by discussing remedial strategies like structured practice sessions, organizing the environment, and ensuring school supplies and seating accommodate needs.
1) Sports and recreational activities can have physical and mental health benefits such as reducing cancer risk, boosting the immune system, maintaining a healthy weight, lowering blood pressure, and promoting longevity.
2) Participating in sports is especially important for those with disabilities as it can aid in physical rehabilitation and social reintegration. There are organized sports leagues for athletes with physical, intellectual and sensory disabilities.
3) Major international disability sports events include the Paralympics, Deaflympics, Special Olympics, and Commonwealth Games which have included para-sports competitions. There are also national and international forums that promote disability sports.
This document provides a summary of keyboard shortcuts and functions in Microsoft Word 2007. It includes shortcuts for common tasks like opening, saving, and printing documents. Formatting shortcuts for bold, italics and underline text are listed, as well as shortcuts for cutting, copying and pasting text. The document also summarizes how to insert headers and footers, tables, pictures and other objects. Overall it serves as a quick reference guide for basic Word 2007 functions and formatting.
The document proposes establishing a workshop in Pakistan for manufacturing wheelchairs and other assistive devices. It notes that wheelchairs have been used since ancient times but modern mass production began after World Wars. The workshop aims to locally produce need-based wheelchairs to improve accessibility and independence for people with disabilities in Pakistan as called for by UN conventions. It would analyze user needs, monitor demand, and ensure appropriate and durable designs that promote activity and esteem. The overall goal is to execute local wheelchair production affordably and make effective devices available in Pakistan.
This document proposes upgrading Alfarabi, a national special education center for physically handicapped children in Islamabad, Pakistan from secondary to higher secondary level. The upgrade would expand the center's capacity from 100 to 200 students, upgrade its physiotherapy unit, orthopedic prosthesis workshop, and establish a wheelchair repair workshop. It aims to better serve the growing disabled population in Islamabad/Rawalpindi and provide vocational training. The upgrade would allow the center to develop its auxiliary rehabilitation services and expand its catchment area.
The city of Islamabad is described as beautiful yet ruthless, with a hidden world of intrigue behind its calm exterior. Politicians have brought chaos through their power struggles since independence, while the military establishment has long controlled the country. Two of Pakistan's best leaders have been killed due to the city's intrigues. The recent lawyers' movement and restoration of the judiciary through peaceful protest shows that democracy can prevail through unity and people power.
The document discusses various disabilities and provides definitions and information about 13 categories of disabilities. It notes that approximately 10% of the world's population is disabled and that countries affected by war and conflict tend to have higher rates of disability. It defines several types of disabilities including mental retardation, specific learning disabilities, serious emotional disturbance, visual impairment, hearing impairment, deafness, deaf-blindness, speech or language impairment, autism, orthopedic impairment, traumatic brain injury, and multiple disabilities. For each disability, it provides information on definitions, causes, life skills, and resources.
The document discusses various disabilities and provides definitions and information about 13 categories of disabilities. It notes that approximately 10% of the world's population is disabled and that countries affected by war and conflict tend to have higher rates of disability. It defines several types of disabilities including mental retardation, specific learning disabilities, serious emotional disturbance, visual impairment, hearing impairment, deafness, deaf-blindness, speech or language impairment, autism, orthopedic impairment, traumatic brain injury, and multiple disabilities. For each disability, it provides information on definitions, causes, life skills, and resources.
This document discusses disability sport. It begins with an introduction to medical and social models of disability. The medical model views disability as a limitation within the individual, while the social model sees disability as caused by barriers in society that limit participation. The document then outlines key barriers to participation in sport for those with disabilities, such as lack of accessible facilities and health issues. It provides a brief history of the Paralympic movement and classification systems used in disability sport events to group competitors fairly. The document raises some ethical issues around classification and inclusion in disability sport.
This document is an 18-question self-report scale for assessing symptoms of adult ADHD. It asks the respondent to rate how often in the past 6 months they experienced issues with organization, time management, attention, focus, restlessness, and interrupting others on a scale of never, rarely, sometimes, often, or very often. The questions cover symptoms related to inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity associated with ADHD in adults.
The document promotes the Keyword Spy free trial which provides resources to find profitable keywords. It highlights that the free trial allows users to discover why popular keyword tools can hurt sales, find hot profitable ads even when info is hidden in URLs, and see "green" or "gray" indicators pointing to where real profits are. The free trial provides a fast start guide on how to navigate the Keyword Spy account, perform domain and keyword searches, dig into destination URLs, and search ad copies to find the most profitable ads and keywords.
This document contains 5 sections (A-E) of multiple choice questions about blood transfusions, delirium, acute liver failure, and viral hemorrhagic fevers. Section A tests knowledge about the history of blood transfusions and properties of stored blood. Section B asks about changes that occur in stored blood over time. Section C covers characteristics of delirium. Section D is about treatment recommendations for different causes of acute liver failure. Section E tests understanding of viral hemorrhagic fevers, including their causes, symptoms, and potential for bioterrorism.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
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This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
The chapter Lifelines of National Economy in Class 10 Geography focuses on the various modes of transportation and communication that play a vital role in the economic development of a country. These lifelines are crucial for the movement of goods, services, and people, thereby connecting different regions and promoting economic activities.
Lifelines of National Economy chapter for Class 10 STUDY MATERIAL PDF
Fact sheet of vulnerable kids
1. NECTAC is a program of the FPG Child Development
Institute of the University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill, funded through a cooperative agreement
H326H060005 from the Office of Special Education
Programs, U.S. Department of Education.
nectac
Fact Sheet:
Vulnerable Young Children
compiled by Evelyn Shaw and Sue Goode
May 2008
the National Early Childhood
Technical Assistance Center
919-962-2001 • phone
919-966-7463 • fax
www.nectac.org • web
nectac@unc.edu • email
Research shows that prolonged periods of excessive
stress (sometimes referred to as “toxic stress”) in
early childhood can seriously impact the developing
brain and contribute to lifelong problems with
learning, behavior, and both physical and mental
health.18, 21, 38
Children who grow up in high stress
situations during their earliest years are at risk for
future problems such as school failure, problematic
peer relationships, chronic health issues,
delinquency, and mental health disorders.13, 27, 32, 38, 40
Decades of research show that investing in the lives
of vulnerable children earlier rather than later can
generate considerable returns for the children, their
families and society as a whole. High quality early
intervention programs can contribute significantly to
improved outcomes in terms of school success,
productivity in the workplace, responsible
citizenship, and successful parenting of the next
generation.7, 10, 21, 22, 27
This fact sheet provides data on infants, toddlers and
young children who are experiencing high stress as a
result of a number of risk factors specifically
identified in the Individuals with Disabilities
Education Improvement Act of 2004 (IDEA 2004),
including substantiated abuse or neglect, foster care
placement, homelessness, exposure to family
violence and prenatal exposure to drugs or alcohol.
It should be noted that these risk factors often co-
occur with other serious risk factors, such as extreme
poverty, environmental toxins, parental substance
abuse (post-natally) and parental mental health
problems, especially maternal depression.
We begin with a section highlighting a number of
factors that have been found to maximize the
likelihood of promoting positive outcomes for all
vulnerable young children and their families.
Subsequent sections provide data on specific
populations of at risk children.
Factors and Policies Found to Promote
Positive Outcomes for Young Children At
Risk
High quality early intervention programs can
improve a wide range of outcomes and yield long-
term benefits that far exceed program costs, however
poor quality programs generate few to no beneficial
effects.7
Some of the major factors that have been
found by the research to maximize the likelihood of
promoting positive outcomes for vulnerable young
children, their families, and society as a whole are
listed below.
• Intervention is likely to be more effective and
less costly when it is provided earlier in life,
rather than later.21
• Key factors to quality in early childhood
programs include: the expertise of staff and their
capacity to build warm, positive, responsive
relationships with young children; small class
sizes with high adult-to-child ratios; age
appropriate materials in safe physical settings;
language-rich environments; and consistent
levels of child participation.7, 21
• Early, secure and consistent relationships with
caring, trustworthy adults contribute
significantly to healthy brain development.1, 19
• For maximum impact on later academic success
and mental health, early childhood programs
should give the same level of attention to young
children’s emotional and social needs, as to their
cognitive skills.17
2. Fact Sheet: Vulnerable Young Children May 2008, Page 2
• Expertise in the identification, assessment, and
treatment of young children with mental health
problems and their families should be
incorporated into early intervention programs.18
• For young children from families experiencing
significant adversity, programs that emphasize
both high quality services for children and direct
support for their parents can have positive
impacts on both.7
• Parents of children in the child welfare system
are more likely to participate in early
intervention services if they understand that Part
C is a voluntary program separate from child
protective services.10
• Providing Part C providers with special
strategies, training, and professional support to
engage, retain, and successfully serve child
welfare families in Part C early intervention
services can greatly increase the likelihood of
effective service provision with the end result of
better child outcomes. 3
• To best serve vulnerable young children, early
intervention programs, the courts, and child
protective services should understand each
other's roles, work collaboratively and
coordinate services. Effective intervention
requires interagency collaboration among all
relevant agencies, such as Part C, Child Welfare,
Medicaid, mental health, public health, maternal
and child health, developmental disabilities,
Early Head Start/Head Start, education and the
courts.3, 9, 10, 40
• Successful implementation of early intervention
and education programs for young children at
risk requires the creative use of multiple funding
streams (IDEA funds, private insurance,
Medicaid's EPSDT program, MCH Title V
funds, Head Start/Early Head Start/ CAPTA,
TANF).9, 10
Children Who Have Experienced Abuse or
Neglect
• Of the 905,000 children in the U.S. who were
determined to be victims of child maltreatment
in 2006, the youngest children accounted for the
largest percentage of victims. 100,142 of the
children were under 1 year of age, 172,940
were 1-3 years of age, and 213,194 were 4-7
years of age.34
• Nearly 8% of victims of child maltreatment in
2006 had a reported disability (this number
may be low, as not every child receives a
clinical diagnostic assessment).34
• An estimated 1,530 children died as a result of
child abuse or neglect in 2006. 78% of these
children were younger than 4 years of age and
11.9% were 4-7 years of age. Infant boys and
girls (under the age of one) experienced the
highest rates of fatalities.34
• Approximately 42% of the children who were
found to have been abused or neglected in 2006
received no post-investigation services.34
• High rates of maltreated infants, toddlers and
young children present with significant physical,
cognitive, social-emotional, relational and
psychological problems.3, 32, 38
• Data from a nationally representative sample of
very young maltreated children who received
developmental assessments suggests that ~ 30%
of maltreated infants and toddlers would show a
delay using narrow Part C eligibility criteria and
~ 47% would show a delay using moderate Part
C eligibility criteria.24
• The National Survey of Child and Adolescent
Well-Being (NSCAW) found that 35% of
infants and toddlers being investigated for child
maltreatment demonstrated a measured delay on
at least one developmental measure shortly after
the time of the investigation, 40% 18-months
later, and 41% 36-months later.35
Almost one
in three children 2- to 3-years-old at the time of
initial baseline data collection was reported to
have a behavior problem by their caregiver.3
About 12 months after the investigation of
maltreatment, 28% of children still younger than
36 months of age were reported by caseworkers
to have an IFSP.3
• NSCAW data supports previous research
showing that children with substantiated
maltreatment have similar developmental
profiles to those unsubstantiated, suggesting that
children involved in child welfare - even those
who have not had their maltreatment
3. Fact Sheet: Vulnerable Young Children May 2008, Page 3
substantiated – could benefit from referral to
Part C services.3
• NSCAW data reinforces the concern that Part C
early intervention providers do not have
extensive experience or training to work with
children and particularly adults with mental
health issues.3
Part C providers may not be
familiar with the unique challenges associated
with providing services to maltreated children
and their families.3
Children in Foster Care
• Of the 303,000 new children who entered foster
care in FY 2006, over 131, 600 were between 0
and 5 years of age. 47,536 of these children were
less than one year old.33
• Most children placed in foster care have a
history of severe neglect or abuse and have
experienced significant stress during critical
periods of early brain development.1, 31, 32
• Young children in foster care have higher rates
of chronic health conditions and special needs
than national estimates for children living at
home.1, 28, 31, 32, 36
• The NSCAW found that 78% of children aged
13 to 24 months who had been in foster care for
one year were at medium or high risk for
developmental delay or neurological
impairment.31
• Data from the NSCAW shows that children in
group care and nonkinship foster care often fare
worse than children placed in kinship care.32
Children Who are Homeless
• In the United States, families now make up
~41% of the homeless population.14
Poverty,
lack of affordable housing, and domestic
violence are among the primary causes of family
homelessness.16
• Over 42% of the ~1.35 million children who
experience homelessness each year in the U.S.
are under the age of six.15
• Homeless infants are more likely to have low
birth weights and are at greater risk of being
exposed to environmental risk factors than other
infants.13
• Homeless children are twice as likely to
experience learning disabilities and three times
as likely to experience an emotional disturbance
as other children.4
• Homeless preschool-aged children are greatly
underrepresented in preschool programs.30
Data
from the McKinney-Vento Report to Congress
for FY 2000 showed that only 15 percent of
preschool age homeless children were enrolled
in preschool programs.29
Children Exposed to Domestic Violence
• Children exposed to domestic violence are at
risk for depression, anxiety, aggressive behavior,
and academic problems.23
• It is estimated that between 3.3 million and 10
million children in the U.S. witness domestic
violence annually.25
• Very young children are more likely to be
exposed to domestic violence than older
children.5
• Very young children exposed to domestic
violence may experience extreme stress that can
have a potentially serious impact on brain
development.2
• Children who witness domestic violence are at
high risk for child abuse or neglect.26
Children Exposed Prenatally to Drugs or
Alcohol
• During pregnancy, the developing brain is
particularly susceptible to neurotoxins such as
alcohol, nicotine and cocaine. Early exposure to
these substances can have life-long negative
consequences.20
• Approximately 10-11% of all newborns are
prenatally exposed to alcohol or illicit drugs. 39
• 80-95% of substance-exposed infants are not
identified at birth and are sent home.39
• Of all the recreational neurotoxins studied to
date, alcohol has the most devastating impact on
4. Fact Sheet: Vulnerable Young Children May 2008, Page 4
early brain development.19
Fetal exposure to
alcohol is one of the leading known preventable
causes of mental retardation in the United
States.8, 21
• Growing numbers of adults with children are
experimenting with methamphetamine. In the
past decade the annual number of new
methamphetamine users has increased by 72%.
Children whose parents use methamphetamine
may experience multiple risks to their safety and
well-being, including abuse, neglect and foster
care placements.12
• Long-term exposure to the chemicals used to
make methamphetamine can damage children’s
nervous system, brain, lungs, kidneys, liver, eyes
and skin.37
References
1. American Academy of Pediatrics. (2000). Health
care of young children in foster care. Pediatrics,
109, 536–39.
2. Analytical Sciences, I. (2002). Workshop on
children exposed to violence: Current status,
gaps and research. Retrieved March 26, 2008,
from
http://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/uplo
ad/children_violence.pdf
3. Barth, R. P., Scarborough, A., Lloyd, E. C.,
Losby, J., Casanueva, C., & Mann, T. (2007).
Developmental status and early intervention
service needs of maltreated children. Retrieved
April 21, 2008, from
http://aspe.hhs.gov/hsp/08/devneeds/index.htm
4. Better Homes Fund. (1999). Homeless children:
America's new outcasts. Retrieved March 26,
2008, from
http://www.familyhomelessness.org/pdf/fact_out
casts.pdf
5. Brown, B. V., & Bzostek, S. (2003). Violence in
the lives of children. Retrieved March 26, 2008,
from
http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/PDF/Violen
ce.pdf
6. Burt, M. (2001). What will it take to end
homelessness? Retrieved March 26, 2008, from
http://www.urban.org/uploadedPDF/end_homele
ssness.pdf
7. Center on the Developing Child at Harvard
University. (2007). A science-based framework
for early childhood policy: Using evidence to
improve outcomes in learning, behavior, and
health for vulnerable children. Retrieved March
26, 2008, from
http://www.developingchild.net/pubs/persp/pdf/P
olicy_Framework.pdf
8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
(2006). Fetal alcohol information. Retrieved
March 26, 2008, from
http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fas/faqs.htm
9. Child Welfare Information Gateway. (2007).
Addressing the needs of young children in child
welfare: Part C - early intervention services.
Retrieved March 26, 2008, from
http://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/partc/index.cf
m
5. Fact Sheet: Vulnerable Young Children May 2008, Page 5
10. Dicker, S., & Gordon, E. (2006). Critical
connections for children who are abused and
neglected: Harnessing the new federal referral
provisions for early intervention. Infants &
Young Children, 19(3), 170-178.
11. Dicker, S., Gordon, E. & Knitzer, J. (2002).
Improving the odds for the healthy development
of young children in foster care. Retrieved
March 26, 2008, from
http://www.nccp.org/pub_pew02b.html
12. Generations United. (2006). Meth and child
welfare: Promising solutions for children, their
parents and grandparents. Retrieved March 26,
2008, from
http://ipath.gu.org/documents/A0/Meth_Child_
Welfare_Final_cover.pdf
13. Hart-Shegos, E. (1999). Homelessness and its
effects on children. Retrieved March 26, 2008,
from
http://www.fhfund.org/_dnld/reports/Supportive
Children.pdf
14. National Alliance to End Homelessness. (2007).
Homelessness counts. Retrieved March 26, 2008,
from
http://www.endhomelessness.org/content/article/
detail/1440
15. National Center on Family Homelessness.
(2003). America's homeless children. Retrieved
March 26, 2008, from
http://www.familyhomelessness.org/pdf/fact_chi
ldren.pdf
16. National Coalition for the Homeless. (2006).
Homeless families with children. Retrieved
March 26, 2008, from
http://www.nationalhomeless.org/publications/fa
cts/families.pdf
17. National Scientific Council on the Developing
Child. (2004). Children's emotional development
is built into the architecture of their brain
(Working Paper No.2). Retrieved March 26,
2008, from
http://www.developingchild.net/pubs/wp/Childre
ns_Emotional_Development_Architecture_Brain
s.pdf
18. National Scientific Council on the Developing
Child. (2004). Excessive stress disrupts the
architecture of the developing brain (Working
Paper No.3). Retrieved March 26, 2008, from
http://www.developingchild.net/pubs/wp/Stress_
Disrupts_Architecture_Developing_Brain.pdf
19. National Scientific Council on the Developing
Child. (2004). Young children develop in an
environment of relationships (Working Paper
No.1). Retrieved March 26, 2008, from
http://www.developingchild.net/pubs/wp/Young
_Children_Environment_Relationships.pdf
20. National Scientific Council on the Developing
Child. (2006). Early exposure to toxic substances
damages brain architecture (Working Paper
No.4). Retrieved March 26, 2008, from
http://www.developingchild.net/pubs/wp/Early_
Exposure_Toxic_Substances_Brain_Architecture
.pdf
21. National Scientific Council on the Developing
Child. (2007). The science of early childhood
development: Closing the gap between what we
know and what we do. Retrieved March 26,
2008, from
http://www.developingchild.net/pubs/persp/pdf/S
cience_Early_Childhood_Development.pdf
22. Osofsky, J. D., Maze, C. L., Lederman, C. S., &
Grace, M. (2004). Questions every judge and
lawyer should ask about infants and toddlers in
the child welfare system. Juvenile and Family
Court Journal, 55(2), 45-51.
23. Research and Training Center for Family
Support and Children's Mental Health. (2005).
Domestic violence and children's mental health.
Retrieved March 26, 2008, from
http://www.rtc.pdx.edu/PDF/dt116.pdf
24. Rosenberg, S., & Robinson, C. (2005).
Implementing Part C provisions under CAPTA
and IDEA. Retrieved March 26, 2008, from
http://www.nectac.org/~ppts/meetings/nationalD
ec05/rosenbergSteven054Jan4-handout.ppt
25. Schechter, S., & Edleson, J. L. (2000). Domestic
violence and children: Creating a public
response. New York: Center on Crime,
Communities and Culture of the Open Society
Institute.
26. Schechter, S., & Knitzer, J. (2004). Early
childhood, domestic violence, and poverty:
Helping young children and their families.
Retrieved March 26, 2008, from
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Citation
Please cite as:
Shaw, E. and Goode, S. (2008). Fact Sheet: Vulnerable
Young Children. Chapel Hill: The University of
North Carolina, FPG Child Development Institute,
National Early Childhood Technical Assistance
Center.
This document appears at:
http://www.nectac.org/~pdfs/pubs/nectacfactsheet_vulner
ableyoungchildren.pdf
This resource is produced and distributed by National
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