The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
This document discusses the use of herbal products in endodontics. It defines herbal medicine as plant-derived preparations with therapeutic value according to the WHO. Herbal products have been used for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and sedative properties in dentistry. They can be classified by origin or use, such as antimicrobial herbs including neem, chamomile, and salvadora persica. Several herbal products show potential as root canal irrigants, including triphala, propolis, orange oil, carvacrol, green tea, and lemon solution. While herbal irrigants have benefits like safety and cost-effectiveness, further clinical studies are still needed to establish them
Herbal Therapy in Periodontics: A ReviewQUESTJOURNAL
This review discusses various herbal therapies that may aid in the treatment of periodontal diseases like gingivitis and periodontitis. Several plants and herbs are mentioned that have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties that could help reduce oxidative stress, periodontal pathogens, and inflammation associated with periodontal diseases. Some herbs discussed include turmeric, triphala, green tea, piperine, and aloe vera. The review provides an overview of how components in these herbs may help treat periodontal diseases through their various beneficial effects on the periodontal tissues.
The document discusses the history and use of herbal medicines in dentistry. It describes how herbalism has been used medicinally for thousands of years but saw reduced use with the rise of modern pharmaceuticals. Several herbs commonly used in dentistry are mentioned, including neem, aloe vera, echinacea, and licorice root, which have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties beneficial for conditions like gingivitis and mouth sores. The document also notes some herb-drug interactions can cause bleeding risks and other issues, so herbal remedies should be used appropriately and sometimes combined with conventional treatments.
Herbal extracts are used in dentistry for treatment of various dental disorders. The natural photochemical could offer an effective alternative to antibiotics and represent a promising approach to prevention and therapeutic strategies for various oral infections. The herbal remedies have an edge over conventional antibiotic treatment that suffer the limitation of low benefit to high risk as compared to herbal treatment that possess high benefit to low-risk ratio. The literature shows that several herbal formulations have the capacity to control the production of proinflammatory mediators, thereby managing many inflammatory processes. The use of such herbal anti-inflammatory formulations for a longer period of time was found to be safer than that of chemical anti-inflammatory drugs.Studies for assessment of safety and efficacy of herbal remedies are in its infancy. These herbal remedies are expected to widely use in future. There are much more opportunities for further research in the utility of herbal remedies for oral diseases.
This document discusses the use of herbs in dentistry. It provides a brief history of herbal medicine, noting its use for over 5000 years. Several herbs commonly used in dentistry are described, including their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and pain-relieving properties. Neem, aloe vera, turmeric, garlic, and propolis are highlighted for their effects against oral bacteria and in treating conditions like gingivitis. The advantages of herbs are their reduced side effects compared to medications. However, their lack of regulation and potential for interactions require further clinical research to validate their dental applications.
This document discusses the use of herbal ingredients in oral care. It begins by introducing herbal cosmeceuticals and how herbs have been used for centuries to treat diseases. Some popular drugs like aspirin are derived from herbal origins. The document then discusses various herbal ingredients used in oral care like myrrh, propolis, essential oils from plants like thyme, cinnamon, and peppermint. Herbal extracts from plants like echinacea and gotu kola are also discussed. Examples of herbal toothpastes and mouthwashes containing herbal ingredients are provided.
This document discusses the use of herbal products in endodontics. It defines herbal medicine as plant-derived preparations with therapeutic value according to the WHO. Herbal products have been used for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and sedative properties in dentistry. They can be classified by origin or use, such as antimicrobial herbs including neem, chamomile, and salvadora persica. Several herbal products show potential as root canal irrigants, including triphala, propolis, orange oil, carvacrol, green tea, and lemon solution. While herbal irrigants have benefits like safety and cost-effectiveness, further clinical studies are still needed to establish them
Herbal Therapy in Periodontics: A ReviewQUESTJOURNAL
This review discusses various herbal therapies that may aid in the treatment of periodontal diseases like gingivitis and periodontitis. Several plants and herbs are mentioned that have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties that could help reduce oxidative stress, periodontal pathogens, and inflammation associated with periodontal diseases. Some herbs discussed include turmeric, triphala, green tea, piperine, and aloe vera. The review provides an overview of how components in these herbs may help treat periodontal diseases through their various beneficial effects on the periodontal tissues.
The document discusses the history and use of herbal medicines in dentistry. It describes how herbalism has been used medicinally for thousands of years but saw reduced use with the rise of modern pharmaceuticals. Several herbs commonly used in dentistry are mentioned, including neem, aloe vera, echinacea, and licorice root, which have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties beneficial for conditions like gingivitis and mouth sores. The document also notes some herb-drug interactions can cause bleeding risks and other issues, so herbal remedies should be used appropriately and sometimes combined with conventional treatments.
Herbal extracts are used in dentistry for treatment of various dental disorders. The natural photochemical could offer an effective alternative to antibiotics and represent a promising approach to prevention and therapeutic strategies for various oral infections. The herbal remedies have an edge over conventional antibiotic treatment that suffer the limitation of low benefit to high risk as compared to herbal treatment that possess high benefit to low-risk ratio. The literature shows that several herbal formulations have the capacity to control the production of proinflammatory mediators, thereby managing many inflammatory processes. The use of such herbal anti-inflammatory formulations for a longer period of time was found to be safer than that of chemical anti-inflammatory drugs.Studies for assessment of safety and efficacy of herbal remedies are in its infancy. These herbal remedies are expected to widely use in future. There are much more opportunities for further research in the utility of herbal remedies for oral diseases.
This document discusses the use of herbs in dentistry. It provides a brief history of herbal medicine, noting its use for over 5000 years. Several herbs commonly used in dentistry are described, including their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and pain-relieving properties. Neem, aloe vera, turmeric, garlic, and propolis are highlighted for their effects against oral bacteria and in treating conditions like gingivitis. The advantages of herbs are their reduced side effects compared to medications. However, their lack of regulation and potential for interactions require further clinical research to validate their dental applications.
This document discusses the use of herbal ingredients in oral care. It begins by introducing herbal cosmeceuticals and how herbs have been used for centuries to treat diseases. Some popular drugs like aspirin are derived from herbal origins. The document then discusses various herbal ingredients used in oral care like myrrh, propolis, essential oils from plants like thyme, cinnamon, and peppermint. Herbal extracts from plants like echinacea and gotu kola are also discussed. Examples of herbal toothpastes and mouthwashes containing herbal ingredients are provided.
Neem and clove have strong antibacterial and analgesic properties that make them useful for oral care products. Neem and clove extracts fight cavity-causing bacteria and reduce dental problems. Regular use of neem- and clove-containing toothpaste and mouthwash can prevent gingivitis and periodontal disease by reducing plaque and strengthening the immune response in the mouth. The active compounds in neem and clove, such as azadirachtin and eugenol, are effective against many oral bacteria and can reduce toothache pain.
This document discusses introducing Neem Sticks, a new oral hygiene product, to the Indian market. It provides an overview of the current oral care market in India, details on neem and the benefits of neem sticks. The marketing mix for neem sticks is outlined, targeting higher-income individuals over 35 in tier 1 and 2 cities. A SWOT analysis finds strengths in the product being 100% organic and environmentally friendly, though weaknesses include a higher price compared to other products and potential difficulties with consumer adoption.
The concept of beauty and cosmetics is as ancient as mankind and civilization. Women are obsessed with looking beautiful. So, they use various beauty products that have herbs to look charming and young. Indian herbs and its significance are popular worldwide. An herbal cosmetic have growing demand in the world market and is an invaluable gift of nature. Herbal formulations always have attracted considerable attention because of their good activity and comparatively lesser or nil side effects with synthetic drugs. Herbs and spices have been used in maintaining and enhancing human beauty.
Herbal cosmetics face several challenges in their formulation. Key among these are a lack of documentation for herbal ingredients, no standardized processes for extraction and production, and unstable active compounds that can degrade over time. Specific issues include inconsistent quality and potency of raw herbal materials, difficulties assessing safety due to complex mixtures of compounds, and constraints in the cultivation and processing of medicinal plants. Proper drying, storage conditions, and quality controls are needed to ensure herbal cosmetics maintain therapeutic properties throughout production and shelf life.
Formulation challenges in herbal cosmeticsForam Machhar
Herbal cosmetics face various formulation challenges due to the properties of the phytoconstituents used as active ingredients. Phytoconstituents can be water soluble, water insoluble, fibrous, or poorly wettable. They also exist as concentrated extracts, resins, or liquid extracts. This makes them difficult to incorporate into cosmetic formulations. Novel drug delivery systems are being developed using nanotechnology approaches like liposomes, phytosomes, and solid lipid nanoparticles to improve solubility, stability, and efficacy. Specific herbal extracts face challenges like poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and low bioavailability. Herbal antioxidants and photoprotectives are prone to oxidation and instability. Anti-aging herbs have issues with
This document discusses the use of herbal ingredients in oral care. It outlines several herbs that have traditionally been used to treat tooth and gum problems, including myrrh, propolis, pine resin, and echinacea. The document also discusses some advantages of herbal remedies such as reduced side effects and cost compared to conventional treatments. However, it also notes disadvantages like lack of regulation and potential interactions with medications. Several herbal toothpaste and mouthwash formulations are provided as examples using extracts from plants like neem, clove, and pilu that have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties beneficial for oral health.
Introduction, classification, biosynthesis, extraction, identification, occurrence in plants, role in plant life and chemical study of tannins in Kino, Myrobalan, Catechu, Nutgall, Castanea and krameria.
Herbal cosmetics have several advantages over synthetic cosmetics, including fewer allergic reactions and side effects since they are natural. However, herbal cosmetics also have some disadvantages like slower effects and difficulties in standardization. This document discusses various herbal cosmetic products for skin, hair, and nails. It describes formulations for herbal creams, oils, and shampoos that use herbs like amla, reetha, and henna. Current challenges in herbal cosmetics include a lack of scientific validation, quality control, and pharmacokinetic studies.
Cosmetics are substances used to enhance the human body's appearance without affecting its structure or functions. They include products for the face, hair, and teeth. Recently, the use of botanical cosmetics has increased due to their mild and non-toxic nature. Both natural and phyto-ingredients from plants like acacia, neem, henna, chamomile, ginseng, sandalwood, wheat germ, and rhubarb are used in cosmetics due to their active constituents and benefits like conditioning hair, protecting skin from UV rays, and acting as antioxidants.
Challenges in formulation of Herbal Cosmetics ArnabDey63
Arnab Dey submitted a document discussing herbal cosmetics. It defines herbal cosmetics and notes they are formulated using herbal ingredients to provide defined cosmetic benefits. Several herbal extracts commonly used in cosmetics are mentioned, such as tulsi, shatawari, and neem. However, formulating herbal cosmetics presents many challenges, including a lack of standardization, stability issues, and constraints in sourcing high quality herbal raw materials. Safety and efficacy must also be established for each manufactured batch.
This document discusses herbal cosmetics. It defines herbal cosmetics and provides classifications based on dosage form and body part applied. It describes common herbal ingredients used in skin care products like creams and lotions for different skin types. Herbal hair care products like oils, shampoos, and conditioners are also outlined. Other herbal cosmetic categories discussed include dental products, nail polishes, and eye shadows. Advantages of herbal cosmetics include lack of side effects and easy incorporation. Disadvantages include slower effects and difficulty standardizing ingredients.
This document discusses several herbal ingredients that can be used in cosmetic products. It describes the botanical information and key constituents of herbs commonly used as surfactants, hair colorants, conditioners and in skin care products, including soapnut, henna, tea, hibiscus, turmeric, vetiver, lemon peel and aloe vera. The document provides details on how these herbs can benefit hair and skin when formulated into cosmetics.
This document discusses herbal formulations, including types such as herbal syrups, herbal mixtures, and tablets. It provides details on preparing herbal syrups, including using equal proportions of herbal infusions/decoctions and honey or sugar. Advantages of herbal syrups include masking bad tastes and soothing irritated tissues. The document also discusses novel herbal dosage forms like phytosomes, which are complexes of herbal extracts and phospholipids that can enhance absorption and bioavailability. Methods of preparing phytosomes and evaluating their properties and advantages are provided.
Expanding the Malaysian Herbal Industry by Developing the Farmer-Government-U...Murray Hunter
The document discusses the herbal products industry and value chain. It provides a figure showing the family tree of herb derivatives from raw herbs to bioactive compounds. It also defines various types of herbal products including nutritional supplements, nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, herbal medicines, and homeopathic medicines. Additionally, it outlines issues in the industry around obtaining finance, technology, skills, business models, and challenges facing farmers. It also examines causes of issues including lack of ideas, education, resources, and will. Finally, it depicts the essential oil value chain and options for farmers and producers along the chain from production to consumers.
1. The document provides instructions for a training on the Green World condensed multi-purpose cleaner. Attendees are asked to arrive on time, turn off phones, avoid moving around, and take notes.
2. The cleaner has unique features like being green, powerful for removing dirt yet safe on hands and skin, economical as a concentrated formula, and multipurpose for different cleaning tasks.
3. A demo is proposed to show the cleaner's effectiveness in removing marks from skin and saving water compared to a market brand. The training aims to provide a clean life.
1) The document describes the preparation of an herbal toothpaste using natural ingredients like neem leaves, guava leaves, honey, and calcium carbonate.
2) Three formulations were prepared and tested for properties like pH, viscosity, and foamability. One formulation was selected and scaled up to produce 100g of herbal toothpaste.
3) The final herbal toothpaste had a light green color and characteristic smell and taste. It was smooth and had a pH of 5.4-5.7. The natural ingredients like neem and guava are expected to have antibacterial effects and help prevent tooth decay.
This document summarizes the use of natural phytochemicals from Ayurvedic plants for dental care. It discusses the Ayurvedic properties, chemical composition, and pharmacological activities of Neem, Amalaki, Ardraka, Haldi, and Clove. The key points are:
1) These plants have been successfully used in Ayurvedic dentistry as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant agents for tooth cleaning, gingivitis, periodontitis, and other oral issues.
2) They contain beneficial phytochemicals and have anti-ulcer, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, analgesic, and immuno-modulatory effects.
The document provides information on herbal skin cosmetics. It discusses cosmetics as defined by the D&C Act of 1940 in India and introduces skin and herbal skin cosmetics. The differences between ayurvedic and herbal skin cosmetics are outlined. Various types of herbal skin preparations are classified and common methods of preparation are described. Key components of herbal cosmetic formulations are identified along with common evaluation parameters and regulatory aspects. Important herbs used in cosmetic formulations for their diverse functions are listed, along with references used in compiling the document.
A dye can generally be described as a colored substance that has an affinity to the fiber, fur or hair.
Melanin is what gives color to human skin, eyes, and hair. It’s the ratio of two types of melanin Eumelanin and Pheomelanin that determines your natural hair color.
This work was made possible while investigating the alternative to the synthetic and semi synthetic dyes.The composition of 100% herbal hair dye. The chemicals that are normally used in the dye are amino compounds (4-amino-2-hydroxytoluene and m-Aminophenol).Metal oxides, such as titanium dioxide and iron oxide, are also often used as colorants in the process.
Continuous usage of such compounds containing dye on natural hair causes so many side effects such as skin irritation, erythrema, loss or damage of hair and skin cancer.
Beauty is a multi-billion-dollar industry that’s continuing to grow. According to one industry report, cosmetics manufacturing will have brought in $255 billion in revenue globally in 2014.
Discovery of hair dye
In the 1800s, chemists found a substance called as para-phenylenediamine (PPD) and discovered its use in the creation of a synthetic dye.
The main aim and objective of present study is Formulation and evaluation of Herbal Hair Dye,(investigating the alternative to the synthetic and semi synthetic dyes. The composition of 100% herbal hair dye. )
Some research has suggested that using hair dye may lead to an increased risk of bladder cancer, In the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) May 2005, some research was published that looked into all the studies on hair dyes causing cancer.
An analysis of all these studies, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in May 2005, found that there may be a link between hair dye use and myeloma, lymphoma or some types of lymphoblastic leukemia.
In 2008, the World Health Organization (WHO) said that there is some evidence that hair dyes can increase the risk of bladder cancer for male hair dressers and barbers. This is because they are working with these chemicals all the time.
Those who reported regular use of the hair dye for at least 15 years were more than three times as likely to develop bladder cancer as non-dye users, concluded the study. Even some hairstylists and barbers were 50 per cent more likely to have bladder cancer than those who did not experience occupational exposure
Because of the manufacturing hazards, environmental pollution, its side and toxic effects there is a vital need for an alternative to the existing black dye. These limitations of the chemically derived dye can only be overcome by replacing the constituents in the composition, by non toxic ingredients derived from herbal resources.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
This Journal publishes original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in pharmacy.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEAVES OF FIVE DIFFERENT HERBSArvind Singh Heer
IT IS A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEAVES OF OCIMUM SANCTUM (TULSI), AZADIRACHTAINDICA (NEEM), FICUS RELIGIOSA (PEEPAL), CYNODON DACTYLON (DURVA/BERMUDA GRASS) AND AEGLE MARMELOS (BAEL) PLANTS FOR IT’S FUTURE USE IN FIELD OF AYURVEDA AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
Neem and clove have strong antibacterial and analgesic properties that make them useful for oral care products. Neem and clove extracts fight cavity-causing bacteria and reduce dental problems. Regular use of neem- and clove-containing toothpaste and mouthwash can prevent gingivitis and periodontal disease by reducing plaque and strengthening the immune response in the mouth. The active compounds in neem and clove, such as azadirachtin and eugenol, are effective against many oral bacteria and can reduce toothache pain.
This document discusses introducing Neem Sticks, a new oral hygiene product, to the Indian market. It provides an overview of the current oral care market in India, details on neem and the benefits of neem sticks. The marketing mix for neem sticks is outlined, targeting higher-income individuals over 35 in tier 1 and 2 cities. A SWOT analysis finds strengths in the product being 100% organic and environmentally friendly, though weaknesses include a higher price compared to other products and potential difficulties with consumer adoption.
The concept of beauty and cosmetics is as ancient as mankind and civilization. Women are obsessed with looking beautiful. So, they use various beauty products that have herbs to look charming and young. Indian herbs and its significance are popular worldwide. An herbal cosmetic have growing demand in the world market and is an invaluable gift of nature. Herbal formulations always have attracted considerable attention because of their good activity and comparatively lesser or nil side effects with synthetic drugs. Herbs and spices have been used in maintaining and enhancing human beauty.
Herbal cosmetics face several challenges in their formulation. Key among these are a lack of documentation for herbal ingredients, no standardized processes for extraction and production, and unstable active compounds that can degrade over time. Specific issues include inconsistent quality and potency of raw herbal materials, difficulties assessing safety due to complex mixtures of compounds, and constraints in the cultivation and processing of medicinal plants. Proper drying, storage conditions, and quality controls are needed to ensure herbal cosmetics maintain therapeutic properties throughout production and shelf life.
Formulation challenges in herbal cosmeticsForam Machhar
Herbal cosmetics face various formulation challenges due to the properties of the phytoconstituents used as active ingredients. Phytoconstituents can be water soluble, water insoluble, fibrous, or poorly wettable. They also exist as concentrated extracts, resins, or liquid extracts. This makes them difficult to incorporate into cosmetic formulations. Novel drug delivery systems are being developed using nanotechnology approaches like liposomes, phytosomes, and solid lipid nanoparticles to improve solubility, stability, and efficacy. Specific herbal extracts face challenges like poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and low bioavailability. Herbal antioxidants and photoprotectives are prone to oxidation and instability. Anti-aging herbs have issues with
This document discusses the use of herbal ingredients in oral care. It outlines several herbs that have traditionally been used to treat tooth and gum problems, including myrrh, propolis, pine resin, and echinacea. The document also discusses some advantages of herbal remedies such as reduced side effects and cost compared to conventional treatments. However, it also notes disadvantages like lack of regulation and potential interactions with medications. Several herbal toothpaste and mouthwash formulations are provided as examples using extracts from plants like neem, clove, and pilu that have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties beneficial for oral health.
Introduction, classification, biosynthesis, extraction, identification, occurrence in plants, role in plant life and chemical study of tannins in Kino, Myrobalan, Catechu, Nutgall, Castanea and krameria.
Herbal cosmetics have several advantages over synthetic cosmetics, including fewer allergic reactions and side effects since they are natural. However, herbal cosmetics also have some disadvantages like slower effects and difficulties in standardization. This document discusses various herbal cosmetic products for skin, hair, and nails. It describes formulations for herbal creams, oils, and shampoos that use herbs like amla, reetha, and henna. Current challenges in herbal cosmetics include a lack of scientific validation, quality control, and pharmacokinetic studies.
Cosmetics are substances used to enhance the human body's appearance without affecting its structure or functions. They include products for the face, hair, and teeth. Recently, the use of botanical cosmetics has increased due to their mild and non-toxic nature. Both natural and phyto-ingredients from plants like acacia, neem, henna, chamomile, ginseng, sandalwood, wheat germ, and rhubarb are used in cosmetics due to their active constituents and benefits like conditioning hair, protecting skin from UV rays, and acting as antioxidants.
Challenges in formulation of Herbal Cosmetics ArnabDey63
Arnab Dey submitted a document discussing herbal cosmetics. It defines herbal cosmetics and notes they are formulated using herbal ingredients to provide defined cosmetic benefits. Several herbal extracts commonly used in cosmetics are mentioned, such as tulsi, shatawari, and neem. However, formulating herbal cosmetics presents many challenges, including a lack of standardization, stability issues, and constraints in sourcing high quality herbal raw materials. Safety and efficacy must also be established for each manufactured batch.
This document discusses herbal cosmetics. It defines herbal cosmetics and provides classifications based on dosage form and body part applied. It describes common herbal ingredients used in skin care products like creams and lotions for different skin types. Herbal hair care products like oils, shampoos, and conditioners are also outlined. Other herbal cosmetic categories discussed include dental products, nail polishes, and eye shadows. Advantages of herbal cosmetics include lack of side effects and easy incorporation. Disadvantages include slower effects and difficulty standardizing ingredients.
This document discusses several herbal ingredients that can be used in cosmetic products. It describes the botanical information and key constituents of herbs commonly used as surfactants, hair colorants, conditioners and in skin care products, including soapnut, henna, tea, hibiscus, turmeric, vetiver, lemon peel and aloe vera. The document provides details on how these herbs can benefit hair and skin when formulated into cosmetics.
This document discusses herbal formulations, including types such as herbal syrups, herbal mixtures, and tablets. It provides details on preparing herbal syrups, including using equal proportions of herbal infusions/decoctions and honey or sugar. Advantages of herbal syrups include masking bad tastes and soothing irritated tissues. The document also discusses novel herbal dosage forms like phytosomes, which are complexes of herbal extracts and phospholipids that can enhance absorption and bioavailability. Methods of preparing phytosomes and evaluating their properties and advantages are provided.
Expanding the Malaysian Herbal Industry by Developing the Farmer-Government-U...Murray Hunter
The document discusses the herbal products industry and value chain. It provides a figure showing the family tree of herb derivatives from raw herbs to bioactive compounds. It also defines various types of herbal products including nutritional supplements, nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, herbal medicines, and homeopathic medicines. Additionally, it outlines issues in the industry around obtaining finance, technology, skills, business models, and challenges facing farmers. It also examines causes of issues including lack of ideas, education, resources, and will. Finally, it depicts the essential oil value chain and options for farmers and producers along the chain from production to consumers.
1. The document provides instructions for a training on the Green World condensed multi-purpose cleaner. Attendees are asked to arrive on time, turn off phones, avoid moving around, and take notes.
2. The cleaner has unique features like being green, powerful for removing dirt yet safe on hands and skin, economical as a concentrated formula, and multipurpose for different cleaning tasks.
3. A demo is proposed to show the cleaner's effectiveness in removing marks from skin and saving water compared to a market brand. The training aims to provide a clean life.
1) The document describes the preparation of an herbal toothpaste using natural ingredients like neem leaves, guava leaves, honey, and calcium carbonate.
2) Three formulations were prepared and tested for properties like pH, viscosity, and foamability. One formulation was selected and scaled up to produce 100g of herbal toothpaste.
3) The final herbal toothpaste had a light green color and characteristic smell and taste. It was smooth and had a pH of 5.4-5.7. The natural ingredients like neem and guava are expected to have antibacterial effects and help prevent tooth decay.
This document summarizes the use of natural phytochemicals from Ayurvedic plants for dental care. It discusses the Ayurvedic properties, chemical composition, and pharmacological activities of Neem, Amalaki, Ardraka, Haldi, and Clove. The key points are:
1) These plants have been successfully used in Ayurvedic dentistry as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant agents for tooth cleaning, gingivitis, periodontitis, and other oral issues.
2) They contain beneficial phytochemicals and have anti-ulcer, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, analgesic, and immuno-modulatory effects.
The document provides information on herbal skin cosmetics. It discusses cosmetics as defined by the D&C Act of 1940 in India and introduces skin and herbal skin cosmetics. The differences between ayurvedic and herbal skin cosmetics are outlined. Various types of herbal skin preparations are classified and common methods of preparation are described. Key components of herbal cosmetic formulations are identified along with common evaluation parameters and regulatory aspects. Important herbs used in cosmetic formulations for their diverse functions are listed, along with references used in compiling the document.
A dye can generally be described as a colored substance that has an affinity to the fiber, fur or hair.
Melanin is what gives color to human skin, eyes, and hair. It’s the ratio of two types of melanin Eumelanin and Pheomelanin that determines your natural hair color.
This work was made possible while investigating the alternative to the synthetic and semi synthetic dyes.The composition of 100% herbal hair dye. The chemicals that are normally used in the dye are amino compounds (4-amino-2-hydroxytoluene and m-Aminophenol).Metal oxides, such as titanium dioxide and iron oxide, are also often used as colorants in the process.
Continuous usage of such compounds containing dye on natural hair causes so many side effects such as skin irritation, erythrema, loss or damage of hair and skin cancer.
Beauty is a multi-billion-dollar industry that’s continuing to grow. According to one industry report, cosmetics manufacturing will have brought in $255 billion in revenue globally in 2014.
Discovery of hair dye
In the 1800s, chemists found a substance called as para-phenylenediamine (PPD) and discovered its use in the creation of a synthetic dye.
The main aim and objective of present study is Formulation and evaluation of Herbal Hair Dye,(investigating the alternative to the synthetic and semi synthetic dyes. The composition of 100% herbal hair dye. )
Some research has suggested that using hair dye may lead to an increased risk of bladder cancer, In the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) May 2005, some research was published that looked into all the studies on hair dyes causing cancer.
An analysis of all these studies, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in May 2005, found that there may be a link between hair dye use and myeloma, lymphoma or some types of lymphoblastic leukemia.
In 2008, the World Health Organization (WHO) said that there is some evidence that hair dyes can increase the risk of bladder cancer for male hair dressers and barbers. This is because they are working with these chemicals all the time.
Those who reported regular use of the hair dye for at least 15 years were more than three times as likely to develop bladder cancer as non-dye users, concluded the study. Even some hairstylists and barbers were 50 per cent more likely to have bladder cancer than those who did not experience occupational exposure
Because of the manufacturing hazards, environmental pollution, its side and toxic effects there is a vital need for an alternative to the existing black dye. These limitations of the chemically derived dye can only be overcome by replacing the constituents in the composition, by non toxic ingredients derived from herbal resources.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
This Journal publishes original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in pharmacy.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEAVES OF FIVE DIFFERENT HERBSArvind Singh Heer
IT IS A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEAVES OF OCIMUM SANCTUM (TULSI), AZADIRACHTAINDICA (NEEM), FICUS RELIGIOSA (PEEPAL), CYNODON DACTYLON (DURVA/BERMUDA GRASS) AND AEGLE MARMELOS (BAEL) PLANTS FOR IT’S FUTURE USE IN FIELD OF AYURVEDA AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
Phytotherapeutics and Endodontics - A ReviewQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT : Over the years, Phytomedicine has been gaining attention worldwide. It has been used in dentistry as anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, analgesic, sedative and also as endodontic irrigant. The herbal alternatives for endodontic usage might prove to be advantageous. This review focuses on various natural drugs and products as well as their therapeutic applications when used as phytomedicine in endodontics.
This document discusses the use of herbs in dentistry. It provides a brief history of herbal medicine, noting its use for over 5000 years. Several herbs commonly used in dentistry are described, including their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and pain-relieving properties. Some herbs discussed are neem, aloe vera, turmeric, garlic, and propolis. The advantages of herbs are their reduced side effects, effectiveness for chronic conditions, lower cost and safety. Disadvantages include a lack of regulation, need for patience, and potential for medication interactions or side effects like diarrhea or altered bleeding with some herbs. More research is needed to validate the use of herbal medicines in dentistry.
This document provides information about herbal cosmetics. It discusses how herbal cosmetics are formulated using permissible cosmetic ingredients and herbal ingredients to provide defined cosmetic benefits. The document includes sections on the definition of herbal cosmetics, herbal extracts for cosmetics, sources and descriptions of common Indian herbal materials used in cosmetics like amla, brahmi, and neem. It also discusses the types of herbal cosmetics according to application site, advantages and disadvantages of herbal cosmetics, common antioxidants used like vitamin C and E, and examples of herbal ingredients used in skin and hair care like coconut oil, sunflower oil, and aloe vera
Clove is a plant from the Myrtaceae family whose oil is extracted from its leaves, buds, and stems. It is indigenous to Indonesia, which produces around 70% of the world's clove crop. Clove trees thrive in open, high-altitude areas with fair rainfall distribution. The oil has various medicinal and aromatic uses, such as relieving toothaches, supporting digestion, and reducing stress or depression symptoms. However, clove oil also has potential side effects like skin irritation if used in large amounts or internally.
This document summarizes research on 15 medicinal plants that have anti-ulcer properties. It discusses the botanical name, common name, family, chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of each plant based on literature. Some of the plants described are Aloe vera, Butea frondosa, Capsicum annuum, Carica papaya, Cissus quadrangularis, Curcuma longa, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Leucas lavandulifolia, Mangifera indica, Morus alba and Ocimum sanctum. The study aims to review commonly used anti-ulcer plants and their reported activities to identify potential sources for natural anti-ulcer drugs with fewer
This document provides an overview of the pharmacognostic and phytochemical properties of Aloe vera. It discusses Aloe vera's traditional uses in indigenous medicine systems like Ayurveda and Siddha. The plant contains various active compounds like anthraquinones, polysaccharides, enzymes, vitamins, minerals, and amino acids that have shown analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer properties. It has been used to treat burns, skin diseases, gastrointestinal issues, and other conditions. The review covers Aloe vera's taxonomy, the chemical compounds in its leaves and gel, its traditional uses, and its pharmacological activities including antitumor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects.
This document discusses the role of herbal ingredients in cosmetics, specifically in hair care, skin care, and oral care products. It outlines several medicinal herbs commonly used in each category, such as henna, fenugreek, and cedarwood oil for hair care; coconut oil, sunflower oil, golden root, and turmeric for skin care; and clove oil, honey, tea tree oil, and garlic for oral care. The document also provides examples of marketed herbal products in each category and describes the various types of herbal products that can be formulated, such as hair oils, lotions, and shampoos for hair care or cleansing agents, toners, and moisturizers
Pharmacognosy-III
If you seeking data about "herb as health food ",this assignment will be helpful to you and provide more and more information about different medicinal plant with their sourse, constituent, uses and for easily identification figure were added and mentioned shortly rules of medicinal plant in public health and economy .So hope that assignment willbe beneficial for everyone. Please forgive my mistake .
Terminalia Chebula A Traditional Herbal Drug – A Short Reviewinventionjournals
The usage of medicinal plants used from ancient times to treat various diseases due to its potential medicinal applications. Terminalia chebula is one of the common herbal drugs used in traditional systems in worldwide. The review tries to focus the traditional use of Terminalia chebula as herbal drug and the importance and its impact in the medicinal applications.
This document discusses 11 plants that Indian women have traditionally used to enhance beauty and treat skin conditions. It provides details on the uses and benefits of turmeric, tulsi, and amla. Turmeric is used to treat dry skin, acne, and retard aging. It is rubbed on the skin and used in cosmetics for its coloring properties. Tulsi helps treat acne and skin infections due to its antibacterial properties. Amla contains high amounts of vitamin C and helps promote glowing skin, delay wrinkles, and treat conditions like eczema. It is also used to wash hair and provide nourishment. In general, these plants are widely used in home remedies and cosmetics due to their therapeutic
This document discusses plants that Indian women have traditionally used to enhance beauty and skin care. It summarizes the uses and benefits of 11 plants from 11 families: turmeric, tulsi, amla, carrot, cucumber, papaya, potato, sandalwood, nutmeg, gram flour, and aloe vera. These plants are commonly used in home remedies and cosmetic products due to their skin healing, anti-aging, and beautifying properties. The key active compounds and uses of each plant are described, such as using turmeric for glowing skin, tulsi for skin infections, and amla for hair growth and skin glow. Indian women have long exploited native plants for natural beauty treatments and cos
This document discusses plants that Indian women have traditionally used to enhance beauty and skin care. It summarizes the uses and benefits of 11 plants from 11 families: turmeric, tulsi, amla, carrot, cucumber, papaya, potato, sandalwood, nutmeg, gram flour, and aloe vera. These plants are commonly used in home remedies and cosmetic products due to their skin healing, anti-aging, and beautifying properties. The key active compounds and uses of each plant are described, such as using turmeric for glowing skin, tulsi for skin infections, and amla for hair growth and skin glow. Indian women's traditional knowledge of herbal beauty treatments is discussed.
ABSTRACT- Medicinal plants have been used from the Vedic era. For thousands of years, they have been used to treat and prevent many types of diseases along with epidemics. Some medicinal plants also utilized as pleasant condiments, to flavor, to dye, for conserve food etc. Almost every portion of the plant has own medicinal properties. Different types of secondary metabolites found in the medicinal plants which play an important role in many kinds of diseases and also used for manufacturing medicines. A large number of the plants are also reported to possess many other activities like anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-insecticidal, anti-parasitic, antibiotic, anti-hemolytic properties etc, also used widely by the tribal people all over the world. The traditional medicinal uses of 23 plants species belonging to different families are reported in this review article. Key-words- Traditional medicine, Medicinal plants, Anti-oxidant, Medicinal plants
The document summarizes information about 6 medicinal plants found in Bangladesh: Garlic, Neem, Kalmegh, Nayantara, Aloe Vera, and Basak. For each plant, it provides the common name, scientific name, taxonomic classification, description, chemical constituents, medicinal uses, and other key details. The document is an assignment on pharmacognosy submitted by 5 students that analyzes the medicinal plants of Bangladesh and their pharmacological uses.
This document discusses several herbal remedies that can be used to treat common skin conditions. It describes 6 herbal remedies - Arnica flower, Calendula flower, Comfrey, Tea Tree, Chamomile, and Cayenne - and their uses for wound healing, burns, bruises, cuts, rashes, and pain relief. It also discusses 9 common types of skin problems and 31 herbal plants that have been studied for treating various skin diseases, including Achyranthes aspera, Allium cepa, Aloe vera, Azadirachta indica, and others.
Bougainvillea is a popular ornamental plant grown for its colorful bracts. It is commonly found in parks, homes, and institutions due to its wide adaptability and drought resistance. Neem has many medicinal properties and has been used in traditional medicine to treat infections, fever, skin diseases, and dental disorders. All parts of the neem tree have beneficial properties. Some key uses of neem include treating acne and fungal infections, repelling insects, boosting immunity, and reducing joint pain.
ABSTRACT- Bael (Aegle marmelos) fruit is one of the blessings from nature for the mankind which is packed with enormous medicinal advantag-es. Its medicinal properties have been described in the ancient medical treatise in Sanskrit, Charaka Samhita. All parts of this tree from stem, bark, root; leaves and fruit at all stages of maturity have medicinal value and have been used as medicine for a long time. Many antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids, flavones, isoflavones, coumarin, anthocyanin, lignans, catechins and isocatechins are found in the fruit pulp (Maity and Hansda, 2009). This plant has tremendous uses listed in Ayurvedic and Unani and Siddha Systems of medicine. This plant is having great potential to cure the disease like diabetes, cholesterol, peptic ulcer, inflammation, diarrhoea, and dysentery, anticancer, cardio protective, anti bacterial, anti fungal, radio protective, anti pyretic, analgesic, constipation, respiratory infection, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, wound healing and many more. The present re-view summarizes the scientific information of various aspects of Aegle marmelos plant used in traditional system of medicine for variety of purpose and its commercial importance. Key Words: Bael, Medicine, Antioxidants, Flavonoids, Lignans, Catechins
Congenital Agenesis Of The Corpus Callosum With Intracerebral Lipoma And Fron...iosrphr_editor
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
“Hemodynamic and recovery profile with Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl in intrac...iosrphr_editor
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
Correlation of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor expression in Breast Canceriosrphr_editor
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
Analytical Study of Urine Samples for Epidemiology of Urinary Tract Infection...iosrphr_editor
The current study was carried out in District Abbottabad aimed to determine the common urinary
tract infections in local community to determine the epidemiology of significant diseases in asymptomatic patients
of renal disorder. In this study a total of 1000 urine samples were examined during 3rd February to 1st April 2015
from patients attending Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad by using dipstick and microscopic analysis of urine.
There were 638 females and 362 males patients examined during this period. The range of age groups is between
1.5 years to 80 years. Results of this study was reported as Pyuria 11%, Proteinuria 21.1%, Hematuria 10.4%,
Epithelial Cells 8.2%, pH 7.8 %, Granular casts 7.3%, Triple phosphate 6.6%, Calcium oxalate 6.4%, Glycosuria
6.3%, Bacteria 6.2% and mucous 4.1%. This study concludes that routing urinalysis should be performed for all
individuals to diagnose the asymptomatic diseases that will help in simple therapeutic measurements as urinalysis
is a simple step to determine the root of Urinary tract disorders.
Chest sonography images in neonatal r.d.s. And proposed gradingiosrphr_editor
BACKGROUND : Lung sonography has been used to monitor the patients of R.D.S. in
N.I.C.U. in recent times.
AIMS : To Describe and Grade the changes of R.D.S. by lung sonography.
SETTING & DESIGN : Tertiary care institutional set up in a rural medical college.
STUDY DURATION : September 2014 to May 2015. Follow-up variable, upto 2 weeks.
PROSPECTIVE, ANALYTICAL STUDY.
MATERIALS AND METHODS -This was a single institute study approved by the institutional ethics
committee. Prior informed consent was obtained from the parents. 100 consecutive patients admitted in
N.I.C.U. WITH gestational age < 36 weeks with respiratory complaints were enrolled. Chest x-ray was
obtained within few hours of admission and lung sonography was performed within 24 hours. Follow – up
sonography was performed as and when necessary. Sonography image was graded and correlated with chest
xray and clinical picture
The Comprehensive Review on Fat Soluble Vitaminsiosrphr_editor
This review article deals with brief description of fat soluble vitamins with figures and tables
showing statistical analytical data duly quoting the references wherever necessary. The word “soluble” actually
means “able to be dissolved.” Whether a vitamin is classified as 'fat-soluble' or 'water-soluble' has to do with
how the vitamin is absorbed, stored and removed from the body. Vitamins are tiny organic compounds with a
huge impact on the health and well-being of the body. The body needs a small amount of fat soluble vitamins in
order to stay in optimal health. Fat soluble vitamins play an important role in keeping the body healthy and
functioning from immune system and muscle and heart function, easy flow and clotting of blood as well as eye
health. They are critical to health and wellness–particularly reproductive health and wellness. Low-fat, no-fat
and vegan diets are woefully lacking in fat soluble vitamins. However a diet based on traditional foods can
naturally provide these vitamins. Science is still learning about many of the functions of vitamins. "Too much
vitamin A, D, or K can lead to increased levels that are unhealthy and can cause serious health consequences.
Diseased conditions leading to decreased fat absorption leads to decreased absorption of vitamins. The fatsoluble
vitamins work most safely and effectively when obtained them from natural foods within the context of a
diet rich in all their synergistic partners. If fat soluble vitamins are stored for lengthy time they generate threat
for toxicity than water soluble vitamins and such situation even aggravated, provided they are consumed in
excess. Vitamin products, above the legal limits are not considered food supplements and must be registered as
prescription or non-prescription (over-the-counter drugs) due to their potential side effects. Vitamin A and E
supplements do not provide health benefits for healthy individuals, instead they may enhance mortality, and it is
held proved that beta-carotene supplements can be harmful to smokers
Sulphasalazine Induced Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis A Case Reportiosrphr_editor
The document describes a case study of an 18-year-old female patient who developed toxic epidermal necrolysis as a severe adverse reaction to the drug sulfasalazine, which she had been taking for ankylosing spondylitis. She was admitted to the intensive care unit and treated with high dose corticosteroids, fluid replacement, and supportive care. She improved with treatment and was discharged with only post-inflammatory hypopigmentation.
Evaluation the efficacy of IVIgG in treatment of Hemolytic Disease of Newborniosrphr_editor
Hemolytic disease of newborn (HDN) is an important cause of hyperbilirubinemia in the
neonatal period,and delayed diagnosis and treatment may lead to permanent brain damage. Traditional
neonatal treatment of HDN is intensive phototherapy and exchange transfusion.Intravenous
immunoglobulin(IVIgG) has been introduced as an alternative therapy to exchange transfusion. This study was
conducted to assess the effect of IVIG in HDN .
FIBROLIPOMATOUS HAMARTOMA OF ULNAR NERVE: A RARE CASE REPORT.iosrphr_editor
Nervous fibrolipomatous hamartoma is said to be a rare tumor-like condition involving the peripheral
nerves,in which the epineurium and perineurium are enlarged and distorted by excess of fatty and fibrous tissue
s that infiltrate between and around nerve boundaries. The median nerve is more likely to develop a hamartoma
than other nerves with a predilection for the carpal tunnel.
A fibrolipomatous hamartoma – is a rare, benign, congenital lesion most commonly found in the median nerve,
usually at the level of the wrist or hand.
We report a case of this rare condition in ulnar nerve.
SELF MEDICATION PRACTICES FOR ORAL HEALTH PROBLEMS AMONG DENTAL PATIENTS IN B...iosrphr_editor
This study examined self-medication practices for oral health problems among dental patients in Bangalore, India. The study found that 100% of the 175 dental patients surveyed practiced self-medication. Toothache was the most common triggering factor reported. Analgesics and herbal remedies were commonly used for self-treatment. Most participants consulted pharmacists for advice on self-medication and would see a dentist only if problems persisted after self-medicating. The high prevalence of self-medication indicates a need for education programs to increase awareness of risks.
Clinico-haematological Profile of Falciparum Malaria in a Rural Hospital of T...iosrphr_editor
Aim: To study the clinico-haematological profile malaria in a rural hospital of Tripura.
Material and methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was done from at Kulai District
Hospital,Tripura. This hospital based cross sectional study was done on 60 confirmed cases of falciparum
malaria (either by peripheral smear or rapid diagnostic test) admitted in Kulai District Hospital. A case sheet
proforma was prepared and data (demographic profile,clinical feature, investigation, treatment, and
complication) from all indoor patients was collected and analyzed.
Result: Out of 60 patients, 40(66.6%) were males and 20 (33.4%) were females. Most of the patients were
between the age group 21-40 years with the highest prevalence between the age group of 21-30. Fever was the
most common symptom. Anemia was present in 42(70%) patients, out of which 6(10%) patients had severe
anemia. Thrombocytopenia was present in 36(60%) patients.Abnormal liver function tests were observed in
26(43.3%) subjects while abnormal kidney function tests were observed in16(26.6%) patients. All the 60
patients received Artemisinin based antimalarial drugs.
Conclusion: Early detection, prompt management, and adequate supportive therapy may reduce mortality due
to falciparum cerebral malaria.
Indonesian Wild Ginger (Zingiber sp) Extract: Antibacterial Activity against ...iosrphr_editor
The document summarizes a study that tested the antibacterial activity of extracts from three species of wild ginger plants from Indonesia (Zingiber zerumbet, Zingiber amaricans, and Zingiber aromaticum) against Mycoplasma gallisepticum, a pathogen that causes respiratory disease in chickens. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids in the plant extracts. Disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration assays showed that ethanol extracts of dried rhizomes had the strongest inhibitory effects against the pathogen, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 7.8 to 31.2 mg/ml. The results suggest that extracts from these wild ginger plants
A case of allergy and food sensitivity: the nasunin, natural color of eggplantiosrphr_editor
Abstract: Allergies and food sensitivities can both be considered as "adverse reactions individualistic" to food.
Are pathological and individual forms because they affect a few individuals in way rather serious; immediate
or delayed reactions occur instead with simple effects histamine, or, in severe cases with respiratory and
anaphylactic shock
The eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is known to cause food allergies in some Asian countries, but detailed
studies on allergies caused by eggplant are lacking, however, it was highlighted the presence of allergens in
edible parts of eggplant with preponderance in the peel .
The purpose of this study was to propose an extraction method rapid, efficient and cost of natural dye from
waste products from the food industry, such as the peels of eggplant, from which it was extracted, isolated and
purified the nasunin,a colored molecule in red-fuchsia.
Nasusin was tested on 58 patients to evaluate the potential sensitizing effect on the skin. The results demonstrate
that allergenic effects are negligible and therefore the nasunin can be used as a colorant in various industrial
sectors with a certain safety margin
Complete NMR Assignment of MogrosidesII A2, II E andIII A1Isolated from Luo H...iosrphr_editor
NMR analysis allowed complete assignments of three known mogrol glycosides, Mogroside IIA2 (1),
II E (2)and IIIA1 (3), isolated from the extracts of Luo Han Guo. Herein, complete 1H and 13C NMR
assignmentsof all threemogrosidesare described based on NMR experiments (1H NMR, 13C NMR, COSY,
HSQC-DEPT, HMBC, NOESY and 1DTOCSY) and mass spectral data.
Nanoemulsion and Nanoemulgel as a Topical Formulationiosrphr_editor
: Nanoemulsion is referred type of emulsion with uniform and extremely small droplet size in the range
of 20-200 nm. Nanoemulsion provides numerous advantages over other carrier such as polymeric nanoparticle
and liposomes, including low cost preparation procedure, high hydrophilic and lipophilic drug loading system
to enhance the longer shelf live upon preserving the therapeutic agents. Incorporating the preparation of
nanoemulsion with hydrogel matrix to produce nanoemulgel exhibited by the two separate systems that forming
it. Nanoemulgel possesses the properties of thixotropic, non-greasy, effortlessly spreadable, easily be removed,
emollient, not staining, soluble in water, longer shelf life, bio-friendly, translucent and agreeable appearance.
Pharmacokinetics of High-Dose Methotrexate in Egyptian Children with Acute Ly...iosrphr_editor
Aim:Since several factors have been shown to influence the clearance of methotrexate, the purpose of this study
was to identify potential relationships between patient covariates and the methotrexate clearance estimates and
deduce a pharmacokinetic model for the estimation of methotrexate clearance in Egyptian pediatric ALL
patients that may help dosage adjustment and achieve target steady-state plasma concentrations in a similar
sittings.
Patients and methods: A total of 94 pediatric patients with B-cell ALL, of whom 70 were the studied population
and 24 were the test population, were treated with four courses of HDMTX doses 2.5 gm/m2
(low-risk arm) or 5
gm/m2
(standard-/high-risk arm) given every other week by intermittent intravenous infusions over 24 hours as
a part of their treatment protocol. Patients were monitored for the 24 hour MTX concentration and the systemic
methotrexate clearance was calculated for each methotrexate dose
Epidemiology of Tuberculosis (TB) in Albania 1998-2009iosrphr_editor
Abstract : In Albania, many people erroneously think that tuberculosis (TB) is a disease of the past-an illness
that no longer constitutes a public health threat. Surveillance is an integral part of tuberculosis (TB) control.
Albania has a highTB notification rate and there are doubts about underreporting. The evolution of the
incidence of tuberculosis is presented, together with more detailed figures over the period 1998-2009. These
figures were obtained by the monthly forms (called 14/Sh) compared with the individual notification data.
Objective: To examine the distribution and sources of increased tuberculosis (TB) morbidity and reporting
system deficiencies in the Albania from 1998 through 2009. Metodology: The study is descriptive one conductet
during the period 1998-2009. The statistical analysis is based on data reported from regional level (regional
epidemiological departments) to the central level (Public Health Institute). Results: The main findings were:
discordance between the collected data (individual form) and reported data (monthly form); tuberculosis
incidence rate shows little oscillations which ranges from 6.67 to 9.2 cases/100.000 population; 50% of the
regions show a lack of information on the confirmation of diagnosis and laboratory examination type used for
confirmation. Conclusion: TB disease in high-risk populations where it is difficult to detect, diagnose, and treat;
limitations of current control measures and the need for new tests and treatments, including an effective
vaccine; improving information system, regulation of individual form and personnel training.
Total Phenol and Antioxidant from Seed and Peel of Ripe and Unripe of Indones...iosrphr_editor
Study on total phenol and antioxidantactivity ofsugar apple fruits of various solvent, part of fruits, and level of ripening. Solvent extraction used were 80% (v/v) methanol, 50% (v/v) acetone, boiling water, and 50% (v/v) ethanol. Part of fruits thatbeen used for samples were seed and peel which are normally by products of sugar apple processing, level of ripening were unripe, and ripe sugar apple fruits. Total phenol was determined by Folin-ciocalteau method. Total antioxidant was quantified by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) method.Therewas a difference in type of solvent, part of fruits, and level of ripeningon total phenol and antioxidant concentration of sugar apple fruits. Seeds have higher total phenol concentration than peels of this fruits. Unripe sugar apple fruits have higher total phenol and antioxidant than ripe fruit. The best solvent for phenol extraction was ethanol 50%butthe best solvent for antioxidant extraction was acetone 50%.
A Review on Step-by-Step Analytical Method Validationiosrphr_editor
When analytical method is utilized to generate results about the characteristics of drug related samples it is essential that the results are trustworthy. They may be utilized as the basis for decisions relating to administering the drug to patients. Analytical method validation required during drug development and manufacturing and these analytical methods are fit for their intended purpose. To comply with the requirements of GMP pharmaceutical industries should have an overall validation policy which documents how validation will be performed. The purpose of this validation is to show that processes involved in the development and manufacture of drug, production and analytical testing can be performed in an effective and reproducible manner. This review article provides guidance on how to perform validation characteristics for the analytical method which are utilized in pharmaceutical analysis.
A Cross Sectional Study of Ethnic Differences in Occurrence and Severity of A...iosrphr_editor
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most widely used "over the counter" medication all over the world despite their complications in different major organs. Present studies envisaged for knowing the occurrence and severity of adverse drug reactions from NSAIDs in different ethnic communities of Sikkim. A cross sectional study was undertaken in the medicine outpatients department of a secondary and tertiary care hospital. The patients belonging to Nepalese, Bhutias, Lepchas ethnic communities and others community (settlers from other parts of India) were included to analyzed the data based on the age and gender, ethnicity and ADRs, drugs and ADRs. Severity assessment was done using Hartwing and Siegel scale and causality assessment by Naranjo scale. Total 109 cases of ADRs, predominating in female were detected. Nepalese were the most affected and Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) being the most affected organ in them. Diclofenac showed maximum number of ADRs in all the communities. Maximum number of cases occurred on single day use (40.36%) of drugs. All the cases were belonging to the "possible category" and the maximum being the mild (72.48%) in nature. It is advisable to consider the ethnic/racial differences equally with other factors, to improve the safety and efficacy of a drug.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERPPixlogix Infotech
Boost your website's visibility with proven SEO techniques! Our latest blog dives into essential strategies to enhance your online presence, increase traffic, and rank higher on search engines. From keyword optimization to quality content creation, learn how to make your site stand out in the crowded digital landscape. Discover actionable tips and expert insights to elevate your SEO game.
Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process MiningLucaBarbaro3
Presentation of the paper "Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process Mining" given during the CAiSE 2024 Conference in Cyprus on June 7, 2024.
Salesforce Integration for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions A...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on integration of Salesforce with Bonterra Impact Management.
Interested in deploying an integration with Salesforce for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
Letter and Document Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Sol...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on automated letter generation for Bonterra Impact Management using Google Workspace or Microsoft 365.
Interested in deploying letter generation automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
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Dive into the realm of operating systems (OS) with Pravash Chandra Das, a seasoned Digital Forensic Analyst, as your guide. 🚀 This comprehensive presentation illuminates the core concepts, types, and evolution of OS, essential for understanding modern computing landscapes.
Beginning with the foundational definition, Das clarifies the pivotal role of OS as system software orchestrating hardware resources, software applications, and user interactions. Through succinct descriptions, he delineates the diverse types of OS, from single-user, single-task environments like early MS-DOS iterations, to multi-user, multi-tasking systems exemplified by modern Linux distributions.
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The narrative then shifts to a captivating exploration of prominent desktop OSs, Windows, macOS, and Linux. Windows, with its globally ubiquitous presence and user-friendly interface, emerges as a cornerstone in personal computing history. macOS, lauded for its sleek design and seamless integration with Apple's ecosystem, stands as a beacon of stability and creativity. Linux, an open-source marvel, offers unparalleled flexibility and security, revolutionizing the computing landscape. 🖥️
Moving to the realm of mobile devices, Das unravels the dominance of Android and iOS. Android's open-source ethos fosters a vibrant ecosystem of customization and innovation, while iOS boasts a seamless user experience and robust security infrastructure. Meanwhile, discontinued platforms like Symbian and Palm OS evoke nostalgia for their pioneering roles in the smartphone revolution.
The journey concludes with a reflection on the ever-evolving landscape of OS, underscored by the emergence of real-time operating systems (RTOS) and the persistent quest for innovation and efficiency. As technology continues to shape our world, understanding the foundations and evolution of operating systems remains paramount. Join Pravash Chandra Das on this illuminating journey through the heart of computing. 🌟
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
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Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
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6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up SlidesDanBrown980551
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
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Power Grid Model
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Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
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What to expect
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-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
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HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
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Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
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Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
1. IOSR Journal Of Pharmacy
(e)-ISSN: 2250-3013, (p)-ISSN: 2319-4219
Www.Iosrphr.Org Volume 4, Issue 1 (January 2014), Pp 39-42
Treating Periodontitis with the Use of Essential Oil and Herbs
Kopiga Ananthathavam, Jaiganesh Ramamurthy
ABSTRACT : Oral diseases are major health problems among which dental caries and periodontal diseases
are the most important preventable diseases. When these conditions are not arrested,they cause formation of
periodontal pockets.Periodontal diseases havebeen linked to bacteria like Actinobacillus
actinomycetemcomitans, Treponema denticola, T.socranskii, P.intermedia and Porphyromonas gingivalis .[1]
The need to develop an alternative prevention and treatment option to antibacterial agents, is to avoid sideeffects of the antibiotics and the increased resistance of the bacteria. Hence, natural herbs and ayurvedic drugs
have become a subject of importance .[2]
KEYWORDS: Aloe-vera,bacteria,herbs,periodontal disease,
I.
INTRODUCTION
Chronic low grade infections like gingivitis are thought to contribute to heart disease. Diseases that
affect one or more of the periodontal tissue like alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, cementum and gingiva are
known as periodontitis. These periodontal diseases occur when bacteria in plaque infect the gums and the bones
that support the teeth. Both Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas ginigivalis, along with
multiple deep pockets in the gum are thought to cause aggressive periodontal disease. P.ginigvalis produces
enzymes like arginine-specific cysteine proteinase that disrupts the immune system and leads to periodontal
connective tissue disruption. Periodontitis is of two types, namely : Chronic periodontitis and aggressive
periodontitis. Chronic periodontitis is the most common form whereas aggressive periodontitis occurs in
population below 30 years of age. Non-surgical therapy is useful in mild to moderate periodontitis whereas
surgical therapy is useful in advanced cases. Local drug delivery systems like mouth rinses, irrigating solutions
and sustained release devices are used for the targeted delivery of antimicrobial agents like fibers, strips and
compacts, films, microparticles, gels and nanoparticles. This review article summarizes the effects of natural
products like Acacia catechu willd, Aloe vera, Chamomile, Azadirachta indica, Glycyrrhiza glabra for the
treatment of periodontal diseases[3] and also the effects of Centella asiacata and Punica granantum.[4]
II.
HERBS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE :
2.1 Acacia catechu willd: (fam:Fabaceae and subfamily:Mimosoideae)
Acacia catechu willd (AC) is widely used in the treatment of skin diseases. Ac is not only useful in the
treatment of diarrhea, dysentery, colitis and gastric cancer but also in the treatment of mouth, gum and throat
diseases like gingivitis and stomatitis. AC and Katha (a concentrated filtered extract) is cooling, digestive and an
astringent. The decoction of bark mixed with milk cures cold and cough. The extracts of AC have anti-pyretic,
anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrhoeal, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.
Melancholia, conjunctivitis, haemoptysis, cattarah, cough, pruritis, leprosy, leukoderma, skin diseases,
helminthiasis, anorexia, dysentery, diarrhea, foul ulcers and wounds, fever, anaemia, diabetes and
pharyngodynia can be treated with the heart-wood of AC. This heart –wood contains catechin, catechutannic
acid, epicatechin, catechin tetramer, dicatechin, gallocatechin, kaempferol, taxifolin, isorhamnetin, L-arabinose,
D-galactose, D-rhamnose, (+)Afzelechinn and aldobiuronic acid. [5] Catechin is used as a haemostatic and
Taxifolin has anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Uses of AC in the management of periodontal disease: A composition of AC powder(91%), Menthol(2.7%)
and Camphor(6.3%) removes plaque,stain or patches and cleans and polishes tooth surface without an abrasive
action. The powder of AC is used for cleaning and polishing tooth surface without an abrasibe action whereas
powder of menthol and camphor is used as a flavouring agent. A clinical study on this dentifrice tooth powder
reported 87-95%, 70-72% and 80-95% reductions in plaque, gingivitis and dental calculus respectively, in about
15 days of treatment.[6]
39
2. Treating Periodontitis With The Use…
2.2 Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis miller)
It belongs to the family Asphodelaceae (Liliaceae). It is a shrubby, perennial, xerophytic, pea-green
colour plant. It grows mainly in the dry regions. In India, it is found in Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat,
Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu. Aloe vera consists of vitamins, enzymes, minerals, sugars, lignin, saponins,
salicylic acids and amino acids. [7]
Effects of Aloe vera:
It has good wound healing activity.
It has a protective effect against radiation damage to the skin.
It inhibits the cyclooxygenase pathway and decreases prostaglandin E2 formation from arachidonic acid.
Hence, it is a potent anti-inflammatory agent.
It is a potent laxative.
It has anti acne and antiseptic effect.
Aloe vera is used in the treatment of Seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis vulgaris, skin burns, type 2 diabetes,
genital herpes, HIV infection, cancer prevevntion, ulcerative colitis, mucositis, radiation dermatitis, lichen
planus, acne vulgaris, aphthous stomatitis, frostbite.
Streptococcus pyogenes and Strptococcus faecalis are two microorganisms inhibited by aloe vera. [8]
Heggers et al suggested that Aloe vera in vivo inhibits bacteria that causes inflammation and thereby
enhances wound healing.
Processed Aloe vera preparation inhibited the growth of Candida albicans.
Uses of Aloe vera in the management of periodontal diseases:
A composition of olive oil extract, black walnut green hulls, clove leaf, thyme herb, grapefruit seed
extract, chamomile flower, green tea leaf, Oregano leaf, peppermint oil, Aloe vera, Calendula flower, Echinacea
purpura, gota kola extract, Cinnamon bark, Eucalyptus leaf, Lavender oil, etc was effective in preventing and
treating oral diseases and maintaining good oral health. This composition provided a permanent solution for oral
disorders like gingivitis, periodontal disease, stomatitis and halitosis. Build-up of tartar on teeth is prevented and
it suppresses oral and throat cancer. The composition maybe in the form of a solution that is diluted before use
or in the form of powder that is added to beverages, candies, toothpaste, dental chew, whitening molds, etc.
2.3 Chamomile: (Family:Asteraceae/Compositae)
Chamomile is recognized in the Western culture. Due to its calming and spasmolytic properties, it is a
common ingredient in the herbal teas and also is an ingredient in health and beauty products for its soothing and
anti-inflammatory effects on skin. Two species of Chamomile are Matricaria chamomilla (German chamomile)
and Chamaemelum nobile (Roman chamomile). German chamomile is most commonly used. 50-65% of the
total volatile oil content contain (-)-alpha-bisabolol and chamazulene. Other components of the oil include (-)alpha-bisabolol oxide A and B, spiroethers, sesquiterpenes, cadinene, farnesene, furfural, spathulenol and
proazulene.Chamomile oil (concentration of 25mg/mL) demonstrates antibacterial activity against Grampositive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Strptococcus mutans and Strptococcus
salivarius. It also has fungicidal activity against Candidia albicans. [9] Alpha-bisabolol provides the antibacterial,
antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and anti-ulcer activity.[10] Chamomile helps the body to resist or destroy microorganisms. Azulene is bactericidal to staphylococcus and Streptococcus infections.
Uses of Chamomile in the management of Periodontal diseases: [11]
Chamomile helps to reduce inflammation from periodontitis and also reduces the level of unhealthy bacteria in
the mouth. In order to expose the gum to this herb, Chamomile tea is taken or mouthrinses and toothpastes
containing Chamomile is taken to overcome periodontal infections.
2.4 Azadirachta indica (Neem)
Azadirachta indica is well known in India. More than 135 components have been isolated from neem.
The main ingredients are nimbin, nimbinin and nimbidin. The neem leaves contain 6-desacetylnimbinene,
nimbandiol, nimbolide and quercetin, n-hexacosanol and nonacosane. Beta-sitosterol is present in all parts of the
plant. [12]
Neem oil along with the bark and leaf extracts have been therapeutically used to control leprosy, intestinal
helminthiasis, respiratory disorders, constipation and as a health promoter.
Rheumatism, chronic syphilitic sores and indolent ulcers have also been treated by neem.
Bark, leaf, root, flower and fruit cure blood morbidity, biliary afflictions, itching, skin ulcers, burning
sensation and pthysis. [13]
Neem leaf extracts have anti-arrythmic, anti-arthritic, anti-viral, anti-diabetic and antioxidant.
40
3. Treating Periodontitis With The Use…
It is hepato-protective.
It has anti-ulcer, anti-malarial, anti-fungal and anti-carcinogenic activity. [14]
In vitro, it inhibits Vibrio cholera, Klebsiella pneumonia, M.tuberculosis and M.pyogenes. [15]
Uses of Neem leaf extract in the management of Periodontal diseases:
People residing in the villages of India use Neem twigs to brush their teeth in order keep their gum free
of disease and infection. A study shows that Neem leaf extract is used to treat dental plaque and gingivitis.
[16]
Micro-organisms found in inflamed gum are resistant to tetracycline and penicillin but not to the Neem leaf
extracts. Also Neem leaf extracts cause no allergic reaction in the gingiva. [17]Advanced gum disease
characterized by an inflammation of the gums and the membranes covering the roots of the teeth is known as
Pyorrhoea. When this condition was treated with neem-based toothpaste and mouthwash, the bleeding gums
healed, the secretion from pockets around the teeth ceased and the blue-tinted gums returned to healthy pale
pink colour. [18]The herbal formulation comprising of active fractions from Azadirachta indica, Citrullus
colocynthis and Cucumis sativus is useful for preventing dental plaque and ginigivitis in humans and is also
used as an antimicrobial agent for preventing disease.
2.5 Glycyrrhiza glabra (Liquorice root)
Glycyrrhiza glabra is also known as liquorice and sweet wood. It is native to the Mediterranean and certain
areas of Asia. Licorice and Liquorice possess sweet taste and has extensive pharmacyological effects.
Liquorice is used in the treatment of upper respiratory ailments like cough, hoarseness, sore throat and
bronchitis. [19]
In Japan, Liquorice extracts have been used for more than 60 years to treat chronic hepatitis.
It is also thought to have a therapeutic benefit against human immunodeficiency virus, cytomegalo virus
and herpes simplex virus.
In the treatment of ulcers, Deglycyrrhizinated liquorice (DGL) is used.
Topical liquorice preparations have been used to soothe and heal skin eruptions like psoriasis and herpertic
lesions.
It is used in digestive disorders.
It possess good anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antioxidant, antitussive, hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory
activity.
Uses of liquorice root in the management of Periodontal diseases: [20]
Moon et al described the use of plant extract powder in oral formulations for the
prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases and tooth decay. The plant extract was loaded into a porous
powder carrier that was coated with a water insoluble coating material. The extract contained Pine, Liquorice,
Cassia seed, Cinnamon, Nothosmyrnium root, Sophora, lonicera flower, Platycodon, green tea, day flower,
Korean angelica root, liriope rhizome, moutan, Arabian myrrh, seseleos radix, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix,
Lagersromemia indica, morusk, ginger, Sanguinaria, Asaram, Cimicifuga, Chinese galls, Grapefruit seed,
Lycium root, Cnidium, Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, Gardenia, Lythrum salicaria L, dandelion, propolis,
falvanoid, nepta herb, Reynoturia japonica Houtt, scutelleria, machilia, black adzuki bean, chamomile, ratanhia
or sage oil as single or in combination. The water insoluble coating easily disintegrated in the oral cavity and the
active ingredients are released. The composition maybe formulated as a toothpaste, oral cleaner, oral purifier,
etc.[21]18-beta-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is an anti-inflammatory compound extracted from liquorice root extract.
There was a dramatical reduction in the infection-induced bone loss in IL-10 deficient mice when GA was
administered prophylactically or therapeutically.Initially GA was thought to exert its anti-inflammatory activity
through down regulation of 11-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-2 (HSD2). HSD2 converts active
glucocorticoid to inactive forms. But, GA did not reduce HSD2 expression in gingival tissue. GA inhibits
periodontitis by inactivation of NF.
2.6 Centella asiatica and Punica granatum (Pomegranate) [22]
It is a small herb belonging to the family Apiaceae. It is used for internal and external applications of
various diseases. The principle components include Asiatic acid, madecassic acid and asiaticoside. Extract of
Cetella asiatica increased cellular proliferation and collagen synthesis at the wound site.
Punica granatum Linn belongs to the family Punicaceae. The pericarp of the fruit has hydrolysable tannins
which inhibits prostaglandin synthetase. It possessed low acute toxicity and caused no skin irritation.
Studies show that attachment levels improved in pockets that had initial depth of 5-8mm, when treated with
Centella asiatica and Punica granatum.
41
4. Treating Periodontitis With The Use…
III.
CONCLUSION:
The global need for an alternative prevention, treatment options and products for oral disease are safe,
effective and economical arises due to the rise in disease incidence, increased resistance by pathogenic bacteria
to currently used antibiotics. [23]
Not only teeth is important, but gum care is also very important. Therefore, in this review herbs like Acacia
catechu willd, Aloe vera, Chamomile, Azadirchta indica, Glycyrrhiza gabra, Centella asiatica and Punica
granatum are found to be useful in the prevention, treatment and maintenance of periodontal diseases.
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