Pharmacognosy presentation

1. Clove
Ahmed mahdi
IUMS

2. Syzygium aromaticum (S.N)
Family: myrtaceae
Order: myrtales
Clade: eudicots

3. The crude oil extracted from the leaves,
bud and stem of this plant from the
Myrtaceae family is steam distilled at the
farms and further processed at our
facilities to produce various grades of
clove oil and its derivatives.

4. Clove trees are indigenous to Indonesia. Indonesia is
also the largest consumer of clove bud, which is
primarily used in the kretek cigarette industry. Due to
this demand, farmers are using the remaining
components of the clove tree to produce leaf and stem
oils and their derivatives.

5. Clove trees thrive well under open conditions at
high altitudes where there is a fair distribution
of rainfall. Seedlings are planted in the centre of
the pits during May and June at the onset of the
monsoon and watered regularly.

6. Within Indonesia Java produces around
70% of all clove whilst Sulawesi has a
growing 30% contribution.

7. Clove distribution in Indonesia 🇮🇩

8. As it has a numbing effect it can be
used as a mild anaesthetic during
procedures or to cure tooth and
gum pain. You often smell clove in
the air when visiting the dentist.

9. Clove is also used throughout the
aromatherapy world, often to relieve the
symptoms of stress as it is a know relaxant. It
is also found in blends to aid restful sleep and
for those with mild depressions.

10. The health benefits of clove oil include treating a
variety of skin issues, toothache, indigestion, cough,
asthma, headache, stress, and blood impurities. The
benefits can be attributed to its anesthetic,
antimicrobial, antifungal, antiseptic, antiviral,
aphrodisiac, and stimulating properties, Cloves also
are used in fragrances and for food flavoring.

11. Cloves contain fiber, vitamins and minerals,
so using whole or ground cloves to add flavor
to your food can provide some important
nutrients.
One teaspoon (2 grams) of ground cloves contains :
Calories: 21
Carbs: 1 gram
Fiber: 1 gram
Manganese: 30% of the RDI (SOD)
Vitamin K: 4% of the RDI (prothrombin)
Vitamin C: 3% of the RDI
RDI=Reference Daily Intake

12. What are the side effects of eating cloves?
erection problems.
trouble having an orgasm (delayed ejaculation).
itching, rash.
mild skin irritation.
sore gums, mouth irritation, bleeding or swollen gums,
or tooth changes after using clove inside the mouth.

13. Skin care product — Topically
applying clove bud oil can help
address skin problems like warts,
acne, sagging skin and wrinkles

14. Combining these two powerful essential oils
(orange+clove) you really get the best of
both for a cleansing and moisturizing soap.
The health benefits of clove oil can be
attributed to its antimicrobial, antifungal,
antiseptic, antiviral, aphrodisiac and
stimulating properties.

15. Clove has been used for medicinal purposes for
centuries. The clove flower has powerful antiseptic
qualities making it ideal for all kinds of treatment for
cuts, bruises, bites and even fungal infections.
It is heavily used across the dentistry industry for its
germicidal properties.

16. Is It Safe To Eat Cloves In Pregnancy?
According to experts, clove, when used as a spice to flavour
the food, is safe to consume during pregnancy. This means
that you can safely add it to your food as an ingredient in
small doses. It can be used both in the whole form or
powdered form. But the use of clove oil and clove
enhancements, when pregnant, may not be safe and hence,
best avoided. You may also want to avoid using cloves for
medical reasons like for treating toothaches, cold, and cough.

17. Does cloves have side effects on children?
Children: In
children, clove oil
is LIKELY UNSAFE to
take by mouth. It
can cause severe
side effects such as
seizures, liver
damage, and fluid
imbalances.

18. Chemical structures of three standard
compounds in Syzygium aromaticum extract:
(1) gallic acid, (2) ellagic acid, and (3)
eugenol.

19. Toxicity
According to Castleman,
clove oil contains a
compound called eugenol,
which is thought to promote
the growth of cancerous
tumors. Eugenol and other
compounds in clove oil may
also be toxic to the skin,
causing irritation to the skin
and mucous membranes.
Clove oil may also promote
dermatitis, Lawless says.
eugenol

20. Th
ank y
o