This document discusses the role of herbal ingredients in cosmetics, specifically in hair care, skin care, and oral care products. It outlines several medicinal herbs commonly used in each category, such as henna, fenugreek, and cedarwood oil for hair care; coconut oil, sunflower oil, golden root, and turmeric for skin care; and clove oil, honey, tea tree oil, and garlic for oral care. The document also provides examples of marketed herbal products in each category and describes the various types of herbal products that can be formulated, such as hair oils, lotions, and shampoos for hair care or cleansing agents, toners, and moisturizers
cosmetic and cosmeceutical
Classification of cosmetic and cosmeceutical products
Definition of cosmetics as per Indian and EU regulations, Evolution of cosmeceuticals from cosmetics, cosmetics as quasi and OTC drugs
Cosmetic excipients: Surfactants, rheology modifiers, humectants, emollients, preservatives. Classification and application
Skin: Basic structure and function of skin.
Hair: Basic structure of hair. Hair growth cycle.
Oral Cavity: Common problem associated with teeth and gums
Classification of Sunscreens and SPF and Role of herbs in cosmetics:Priya Patil
Sun protection,
Classification of Sunscreens and SPF.
Role of herbs in cosmetics:
Skin Care: Aloe and turmeric
Hair care: Henna and amla.
Oral care: Neem and clove
Deodorants and antiperspirants Cosmetic SciencePranjal Saxena
This presentation contains about description of Deodorants and antiperspirants with their Action, Evaluation, Difference between Deodorants and antiperspirants.
cosmetic and cosmeceutical
Classification of cosmetic and cosmeceutical products
Definition of cosmetics as per Indian and EU regulations, Evolution of cosmeceuticals from cosmetics, cosmetics as quasi and OTC drugs
Cosmetic excipients: Surfactants, rheology modifiers, humectants, emollients, preservatives. Classification and application
Skin: Basic structure and function of skin.
Hair: Basic structure of hair. Hair growth cycle.
Oral Cavity: Common problem associated with teeth and gums
Classification of Sunscreens and SPF and Role of herbs in cosmetics:Priya Patil
Sun protection,
Classification of Sunscreens and SPF.
Role of herbs in cosmetics:
Skin Care: Aloe and turmeric
Hair care: Henna and amla.
Oral care: Neem and clove
Deodorants and antiperspirants Cosmetic SciencePranjal Saxena
This presentation contains about description of Deodorants and antiperspirants with their Action, Evaluation, Difference between Deodorants and antiperspirants.
Sun Protection (Classification of Sunscreen and SPF)Rahul Kushwaha
Introduction
Skin Damage
Sun Radiation Summary
Sunscreen Defination
Classification Of Sunscreen
Sunscreen Agents
Sun Protection Factor
Sun Protection Factor Classification
When to re-apply the sunscreen
Analytical cosmetics:BIS specification and analytical methods for shampoo, sk...Steffi Thomas
Analytical cosmetics:BIS specification and analytical methods for shampoo, skin-cream and toothpaste, Indian standards, Schedule S and Schedule Q, Drugs and cosmetic act, standards for heavy metals in cosmetics, standards for coloring agents in cosmetics, annexures, list of approved colours and dyes as per schedule Q Part 1, list of colours permitted to be used in soaps, types of toothpaste, general requirements for ECO mark and BIS mark, BIS certification marking
ANTIPERSPIRANTS AND DEODORANTS : MECHANISM OF ACTIONojaswinihemane
Antiperspirants and deodorants are personal care products used to manage body odor and sweat. Antiperspirants reduce sweat production, while deodorants mask or neutralize odor. They come in various forms and are widely used for daily hygiene and comfort.
Antiperspirant & Deodorant:A deodorant is a substance applied to the body to prevent body odor caused by the bacterial breakdown of perspiration in armpits, feet, and other areas of the body. A subgroup of deodorants, antiperspirants, affect odor as well as prevent sweating by affecting sweat glands.
Antiperspirants are typically applied to the underarms, while deodorants may also be used on feet and other areas in the form of body sprays. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration classifies and regulates most deodorants as cosmetics, but classifies antiperspirants as over-the-counter drugs.
Mechanism perspiration control
Sweating allows the body to regulate its temperature. Sweating is controlled from a center in the periotic and anterior regions of the brain's hypothalamus, where thermo sensitive neurons are located. The heat-regulatory function of the hypothalamus is also affected by inputs from temperature receptors in the skin.
Sun Protection (Classification of Sunscreen and SPF)Rahul Kushwaha
Introduction
Skin Damage
Sun Radiation Summary
Sunscreen Defination
Classification Of Sunscreen
Sunscreen Agents
Sun Protection Factor
Sun Protection Factor Classification
When to re-apply the sunscreen
Analytical cosmetics:BIS specification and analytical methods for shampoo, sk...Steffi Thomas
Analytical cosmetics:BIS specification and analytical methods for shampoo, skin-cream and toothpaste, Indian standards, Schedule S and Schedule Q, Drugs and cosmetic act, standards for heavy metals in cosmetics, standards for coloring agents in cosmetics, annexures, list of approved colours and dyes as per schedule Q Part 1, list of colours permitted to be used in soaps, types of toothpaste, general requirements for ECO mark and BIS mark, BIS certification marking
ANTIPERSPIRANTS AND DEODORANTS : MECHANISM OF ACTIONojaswinihemane
Antiperspirants and deodorants are personal care products used to manage body odor and sweat. Antiperspirants reduce sweat production, while deodorants mask or neutralize odor. They come in various forms and are widely used for daily hygiene and comfort.
Antiperspirant & Deodorant:A deodorant is a substance applied to the body to prevent body odor caused by the bacterial breakdown of perspiration in armpits, feet, and other areas of the body. A subgroup of deodorants, antiperspirants, affect odor as well as prevent sweating by affecting sweat glands.
Antiperspirants are typically applied to the underarms, while deodorants may also be used on feet and other areas in the form of body sprays. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration classifies and regulates most deodorants as cosmetics, but classifies antiperspirants as over-the-counter drugs.
Mechanism perspiration control
Sweating allows the body to regulate its temperature. Sweating is controlled from a center in the periotic and anterior regions of the brain's hypothalamus, where thermo sensitive neurons are located. The heat-regulatory function of the hypothalamus is also affected by inputs from temperature receptors in the skin.
HERBAL COSMETICS ;HERBAL INGREDIENTS IN HAIR CARE,SKIN CARE AND ORAL CARE. REVIEW ON THE GUIDELINE FOR HERBAL COSMETICS BY PRIVATE BODIES LIKE COSMOS WITH RESPECT TO PRESERVATIVES EMOLLIENTS FOAMING AGENTS.CHALLENGES IN FORMULATION OF HERBAL COSMETICS
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
1. ROLE OF HERBS IN
COSMETICS
Presented by:
Arzoo Piruka
CLASS-1 SEM- 8
EN.ROLL NO.- 201703100210100
SUBJECT- Cosmetic Science
2. Content
1) Introduction
2) Role of herbal ingredient in hair care
3) Role of herbal ingredients in skin care
4) Role of herbal ingredients in oral care
5) Challenges associated with herbal cosmetics
6) Regulatory requirements
7) Advantage
8) Disadvantage
9) Reference
2
3. INTRODUCTION
Herbs are generally defined as non-woody plants, which die
after blooming. This definition has been expanded to any of
the plants of which part or whole can be used in medicinal
treatments, culinary preparations (as seasonings), nutritional
supplementation, or used as a colouring or cosmetic agent.
Herbal Cosmetics as products are formulated, using various
permissible cosmetic ingredients to form the base in which
one or more herbal ingredients are used to provide defined
cosmetic benefits only, shall be called as “Herbal Cosmetics”.
3
5. TYPES OF HERBAL HAIR CARE PRODUCTS
HAIR OIL: It used for dressings and nourishing the hairs and grace to appearance of
hairs. This preparations is generally used to increase the growth of hair and remains
healthy. E.g. Arnica, shikakai.
HAIR LOTION: It has a stimulating effect upon the hair follicles. They are generally
perfumed with oil of rosemary and others ascenes as it posses a good stimulating
property.
HAIR COLORANTS: These are preparations which are used for the coloring of the
hairs. They are applied externally on the hair with help of brush. E.g. Lawsonia alba
Lam.
SHAMPOO: Shampoo is preparation of surfactant in suitable form liquid, solid or
powder, which is used to remove surface grease, dirt, and skin debris from the hair
shaft and scalp without affecting adversely the hair, scalp or health of the user. E.g.
Accacia concinna DC.
5
7. 1. Henna (Lawsonia inermis): Family- Lythraceae)
• Its grows wild and cultivated as garden plant. Its leaves are the part of plant that is used in
hair care formulations.
• Henna leaves have been used from ancient time as a hair colour due to the chemical
interaction of lawsone (thiol group) to the keratin.
2. Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum : Family-Leguminoseae)
• Plant is a quick growing annual leguminous herb about 2 feet in height. Generally seed is
used to prepare hair care formulations.
• Traditionally fresh Fenugreek leaves paste applied over the scalp regularly before bath helps
hair grow, preserves natural color, keeps hair silky and also cures dandruff.
3. Cedar wood oil (Juniperus virginiana)
• Cedar wood oil extracted from the woods for hair loss and dandruff.
• It is especially for dry hair, and to induce hair growth along with other essential oils.
4. Sesame oil (Sesamum indicum :Family- Pedaliaceae)
• It is obtained from ripe seeds of Sesamum indicum, an annual herb by expression technique.
• Sesame oil is used commercially for hair tonic formulations.
7
8. 5. Shikakai (Acacia concinna :Family-Mimosaceae)
• It is a shrub widely found in plains of central and south India.
• Shikakai literally means fruit of hairs.
• It is an excellent natural hair cleanser and astringent and also acts as detangle. It is used in soaps
and shampoos for hair wash, promotes hair growth, removes dandruff and strengthens hair.
6. Gurhal (Hibiscus rosa sinensis: Family-Malvaceae)
• In herbal formulations, hibiscus petal is used to stimulate thicker hair growth and to prevent
premature graying, hair loss and scalp disorders.
• Petals extract acts as a natural hair conditioner and can be used in hair washes.
7. Jatamansi (Nardostachys jatamansi: Family-Valerianaceae)
• Oil obtained from rhizomes of this plant used in hair tonic preparations, to promote the growth of
hair and impart blackness.
• Jatamansi is a useful hair tonic and is commonly used in hair oils, promoting hair growth and
luster.
8. Arnica (Arnica Montana: Family-Apiaceae)
• It obtained from dried roots and flowers of Arnica Montana.
• Arnica is used for hair tonics and anti-dandruff preparations. 8
9. Marketed Products of Herbal Hare Care Cosmetics
Category Products Brand Name Manufacturer
Herbal Hare Care Shampoo Agarwal honey aloe
vera shampoo
Agarwal Herbal Product
Anti dandruff shampoo Himalaya antidandruff
shampoo
The himalaya drug
company, Banglore
Hair oil • Neem & Amala hair
oil
• Prakriti sesam gold
hair oil
• Radico Radico.pvt.ltd
• Prakriti Herbals,
Bangalore
Hair conditioner Vedico aloevare hair
conditioner
Vedico Bio Labs
Hair colours Crown heena hair
colours
Crown herbals.pvt.ltd
9
11. TYPES OF HERBAL SKIN CARE PRODUCTS :
1. Cleansing agent: which remove the dust, dead cells and dirt that chokes the
pores on the skin.
Some of the common cleansers include vegetable oils like coconut, sesame
and palm oil.
2. Toners: The toners help to tighten the skin and keep it from being exposed to
many of the toxins that are floating in the air or other environmental pollutants.
Some of the herbs used as toners are witch hazel, geranium, sage, lemon,
ivy burdock and essential oils.
3. Moisturizing: The moisturizing helps the skin to become soft and supple.
Moisturizing shows a healthy glow and are less prone to aging .
Some of the herbal moisturizers include vegetable glycerin, sorbitol,
rose water, jojoba oil, aloe vera and iris.
11
13. Dry Skin
Treatment
Coconut oil:
• Coconut oil comes from the fruit or seed of the coconut palm tree Cocos
nucifera, family Arecaceae.
• Coconut oil is excellent as a skin moisturizer and softener. A study shows
that extra virgin coconut oil is effective and safe when used as a moisturizer,
with absence of adverse reactions.
Sunflower Oil:
• It is the non-volatile oil expressed from sunflower seeds obtained from
Helianthus annuus, family Asteraceae.
13
14. Anti-Aging Treatment
Golden Root Rhodiola rosea (Roseroot, Aaron's rod)
• It is a plant in the Crassulaceae family that grows in cold regions of the world.
• It is widely thought to have anti oxidative properties.
Carrot
• It is obtained from the plant Daucus carota belonging to family Apiaceae.
• It is a rich natural source of Vitamin A along with other essential vitamins.
• Carrot seed oil is indicated for anti-aging, revitalizing and rejuvenating as it promotes the
formation of new cells and helps in reducing wrinkles.
Ginkgo
• Ginkgo comes from the ginkgo tree, Ginkgo biloba belongs to family Ginkgoaceae
• It is best known, as a circulatory tonic, in particular for strengthening the tiny little capillaries to
all the organs.
• The capillaries become more flexible and as a result more oxygen is delivered to the brain and
eyes (to protect against degenerative eye diseases like macular degeneration),so important as
we age.
14
15. Skin Protection
Green Tea:
• Green tea is tea made solely with the leaves of Camellia sinensis belonging to family Theaceae .
• It serves as a premiere skin protectant .
• It protects against direct damage to the cell and moderates inflammation.
• The catechins in green tea are some times stronger in their antioxidant powers than even
vitamin E.
Turmeric :
• Turmeric, Curcuma longa is a rhizomatous perennial plant of the ginger family Zingiberaceae.
• Turmeric contains antioxidants and anti-inflammatory components. These characteristics may
provide glow and luster to the skin.
• It may also revive your skin by bringing out its natural glow.
15
16. Marketed Products of Herbal Skin Care Cosmetics
Category Products Brand Name Manufacturer
Herbal Skin Care Face Pack Amazine Herbal Scars
Face Pack
Amazing
Herbal Remedies, New
Delhi
Massage gel Amazine herbal fruit
massage gel
Amazine India
Marketing Pvt. Ltd
Face Wash Combi neem face wash Combii Organochem
Pvt. Ltd
Cream Vicco turmeric cream Vicco laboratories,
India
Face scrub Aloe indica face scrub Aloe indica.pvt.ltd
Face Powder Agarwal tulsi face
powder
Agarwal Herbal
Products
16
18. TYPES OF HERBAL ORAL CARE PRODUCTS
In many traditional cultures, there are no plastic-bristle brushes, rather, the use of herbal
"chewing sticks" are common.
• Chewing sticks are usually taken from plants, shrubs or trees with high anti-microbial activity.
The ends of selected sticks are shredded and they are used to massage the gums and "floss" the
teeth.
• In Traditional Medicine, the following herbs have a long history of use for prevention and in
assisting the body to heal itself in gum and tooth disorders.
Dentifrices - Dentifrice are the preparations intended for use with a toothbrush for the purpose of
cleaning the accessible surfaces of teeth. E.g. Soap powder, Saccharin, Amaranth (solution), Oil
of cinnamon, Oil of peppermint.
Tooth paste- To remove adherent soiling matter from a hard surface with minimal damage.
E.g. Babool, lavang, akarkara.
Mouth wash -Mouthwash or mouth rinse is a product used to enhance oral hygiene. E.g.
Bibhitaka, Nagavalli , Gandhapura taila, Peppermint satva.
18
20. 1. Clove Oil (Syzygium aromaticum)
• It has got excellent analgesic and antiseptic properties which inhibit growth of all disease
causing bacteria
USES: 1. Relieve toothache
2. Treating bleeding gums.
2. Honey (Madhu)
USES: In treatment of various oral ulcerative conditions and have antibacterial action.
3. Tea Tree Oil (Melaleuca alternifolia)
• It has antiseptic and antifungal properties.
USES : In the treatment of Throat Irritation.
4. Garlic (Allium sativum)
• Its antibacterial activity depends on allicin produced by enzymatic activity of allinase
USES: Inhibits the growth of Streptococcus mutans, and therefore, can be used as an effective
remedy in the prevention of dental caries.
20
21. 5. Thyme (Thymus vulgaris)
• It is mainly composed of volatile oils namely phenol, thymol, and carvacrol
USED IN : it contains fluoride & used in toothpaste
6. Turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.)
• It is an antiseptic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and painkiller.
7. Meswak (Salvadora persica)
• It is a derivative from Arak tree, used as a traditional toothbrush for oral hygiene.
8. Neem (Azadirachta indica)
USED IN: preventing and healing gum diseases and other dental problems such as bleeding and
plaque
9. Evening Primrose (Oleum Oenothera biennis)
• It has anti-allergic and anti-ulcer activity.
USED IN : Treatment of dental caries.
10. Lavender oil (Lavandulalatifolia)
• It is obtained from the flowers of Lavandula angustifolia 21
22. Marketed Products of Herbal Oral Care Cosmetics
Category Products Brand Name Manufacturer
Herbal Oral Care Toothpaste Dant Kanti Patanjali Ayurved's,
Haridwar
Mouthwash Hiora Mouthwash The Himalaya Drug
Company
Dental Floss Thera Neem Dental
Floss
Organix South inc.
22
24. Challenges
24
A key challenge is to objectively assess conflicting toxicological, epidemiological and
other data and the verification of herbal materials used.
Herbal ingredients needs special care and precautions during the complete phase of
extraction process. Improper drying may lead to unintentional adulteration.
E.g. if digitalis leaves are dried above 65 °C decomposition of glycosides by
enzymatic hydrolysis.
Insufficient Documentation:
• Most herbal cosmetics depend on traditional methods or Ayurvedic formulations in their
manufacturing.
• Some of these are passed down through generations, while some are only documented.
No specific standardization:
• There is no single standardization applied to herbal cosmetic formulations.
• Since the processing of one batch often differed from another, a single company’s own
product line may not have a standard output.
• This makes compliance with certain rules difficult, especially in some developed markets.
25. Challenges
25
Lack of herbal ingredients:
• Only few ingredients of natural origin as well no synthetic surfactants be used as
preparation is nature based cosmetics.
• The problem of formulating with less ingredients may lead to the formation of
product that may not work as well with synthetic chemical based competition.
Quality of raw material:
• Herbal cosmetics require the careful cultivation of plants and herbs in their natural
environment.
• The raw material for herbal cosmetics company cannot be mass produced in a
factory. Neither can one reproduce these in a matter of minutes in a laboratory.
26. Challenges
26
Stability problem:
• Stability of herbal component both prior and after formulation are a
major challenge as they degrade easily by many physiochemical
process.
• Deterioration happens especially during storage, leading to the loss of
the active ingredients, production of metabolites with no activity.
• Physical factors such as air (oxygen), humidity, light, and temperature
can bring about deterioration directly or indirectly.
28. Differing regulatory requirements
28
Differing regulatory requirements and subsequent delays in application submission and
review process emerged as a major concern for the herbal medicine manufacturers from
the survey results.
Therefore, a comparative analysis of drug registration requirement was performed for
countries such as India, the United States, and European nations to understand the
differences in approval procedures and submission requirements.
In India, the traditional herbal medicines, such as Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani (ASU), are
considered safe because of their long history of use. As such, no safety and efficacy
studies are required for marketing approval, as per the Drugs and Cosmetics Act of 1940
(DCA).
The State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) regulates manufacturing and marketing
approvals.
29. 29
In the United States, most of the Indian herbal medicinal products are marketed as dietary
supplements under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994.
The Act does not require submission of any safety or efficacy data for marketing approval.
The manufacturers do not need to register their products with the US Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) or get approval before producing or selling dietary supplements.
The FDA is responsible for taking action against any unsafe dietary supplement product after it
reaches the market.
In the European Union (EU), however, the application for marketing authorization for traditional
medicinal products requires bibliographic evidence and preclinical safety data (such as the
toxicologic and pharmacologic test data).
As per the Traditional Herbal Medicinal Product Directive to obtain traditional use registration,
the applicant has to submit the quantitative and qualitative particulars of constituents of the
medicinal product, a description of manufacturing methods, therapeutic indications,
contraindications, adverse reaction, posology, and form and route of administration.
The application also requires the summary of product characteristics without the clinical
particulars as specified.
30. 30
Country Regulatory authority Description Regulation/Act
EU European Medicines Agency
(EMEA): The Committee on
Herbal Medicinal Products
(HMPC)
Establishment of HMPC and
regulation of herbal
medicine.
Registration Procedure for
traditional herbal medicinal
products
Directive 2004/24/EC
(Traditional Herbal Medicinal
Products Directive) and
Regulation (EC) No 726/2004.
Articles 16a to 16i of Directive
2001/83/EC
US USFDA: Center for Drug
Evaluation and Research
(CDER)
Center for Biologics Evaluation
and Research (CBER)
Botanical drug definition
Regulation of herbal product
Regulation of Allergenic
extracts and vaccines that
contain botanical
ingredients
201(g)(1)(B), Federal Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act
Dietary Supplement Health and
Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA)
Section 351 of the Public Health
Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262).
India Department of Ayurveda, Yoga
& Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha
and Homoeopathy (AYUSH)
Production and marketing of
ASU drugs
GMP for ASU drugs Schedule
T,
Drugs & Cosmetics Act, 1940
Drugs & Cosmetics Rules, 1945
Drugs & Cosmetics Act, 1940
31. ADVANTAGES
They do not provoke allergic reaction & do not have negative side
effects.
They are easily incorporated with skin and hair.
With small quantity they are very effective as compared to
synthetic cosmetics.
Extracts of plant decreases the bulk property of cosmetics and
gives appropriate pharmacological effects.
Easily available & found in large variety & quantity.
Easy to manufactures and cheap in cost. 31
32. DISADVANTAGES
32
Herbal drugs have slower effects as compare to Allopathic
dosage form. Also it requires long term therapy.
They are difficult to hide taste and odor.
Most of the herbal drugs are not easily available.
Manufacturing process are time consuming and complicated.
No pharmacopoeia defines any specific procedure or ingredients
to be used in any of herbal cosmetics
33. Reference
1) Sumit K, Vivek S, Sujata S, Ashish B. Herbal cosmetics: used for skin and hair. Inven. J.
2012 Oct 10;2012:1-7.
2) Gupta A, Malviya R, Singh TP, Sharma PK. Indian medicinal plants used in hair care
cosmetics: a short review. Pharmacognosy Journal. 2010 Jun 1;2(10):361-4.
3) Dhaliwal JS, Gambhir RS, Sodhi SK, Shaheed G, Haji DD, Kifli M. Herbs and their use in oral
care: A Review. Brunei Darussalam Journal of Health. 2017;7(1):5-17.
4) Shivanand P, Nilam M, Viral D. Herbs play an important role in the field of cosmetics.
International Journal of PharmTech Research. 2010;2(1):632-9.
5) Herbal extracts in oral health care - A review of the current scenario and its future needs
(nih.gov)
6) Sahoo N, Manchikanti P. Herbal drug regulation and commercialization: an Indian industry
perspective. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2013 Dec
1;19(12):957-63. 33
Editor's Notes
NOTE:
To change the image on this slide, select the picture and delete it. Then click the Pictures icon in the placeholder to insert your own image.