This document summarizes an experimental study that tested self-compacting concrete (SCC) beams reinforced with poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) mesh wrapped around the reinforcement on alternating phases. The study aimed to observe the behavior and feasibility of using PVC for wrapping reinforcement. Beams made with conventional SCC and beams with double spaced reinforcement wrapped in PVC mesh on alternating phases were cast and tested. Test results found that the beams with PVC wrapped reinforcement had similar load-deflection behavior and ultimate load capacity as the conventional SCC beam. The use of PVC mesh did not negatively impact the structural behavior of the beam.
Study on flexural behaviour of Self compacting concrete using alccofineIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the flexural behavior of self-compacting concrete using Alccofine, an ultrafine mineral admixture. Cement in self-compacting concrete mixes was partially replaced with 10% Alccofine. Beams made with the Alccofine mix showed similar load-deflection behavior and achieved failure loads comparable to control beams made with conventional self-compacting concrete. The results indicate that Alccofine can be effectively used to partially replace cement in self-compacting concrete with similar flexural performance.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SCC BY ADDING POLYPROPYLENE FIBER WITH CASHEW NUT SHELL...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on the mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) with the addition of polypropylene fiber and partial replacement of cement with cashew nut shell ash (CNSA). CNSA was used to replace cement at levels of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% and polypropylene fiber was added at 1%. Cubes and cylinders were cast and tested for compressive and split tensile strength at 7 and 28 days. Test results showed that the mix with 10% CNSA replacement and 1% polypropylene fiber addition achieved the highest strengths, exceeding that of the control mix without additions. Therefore, this mix was determined to be the optimum mix proportion studied
Study of partial replacement of cement by barite powder and silica fume in se...IRJET Journal
The document studies the effect of partially replacing cement with barite powder and silica fume on the mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete. Specimens of M30 grade self-compacting concrete were prepared by replacing cement at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% levels with barite powder and silica fume added at one-fourth the barite powder level. The compressive strength and split tensile strength of the specimens were tested after 7 and 28 days of curing and compared with a control specimen. The results showed that compressive strength generally increased up to 15% replacement, beyond which it started decreasing, while split tensile strength followed a similar trend.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON FLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR OF LIGHT WEIGHT SELF-COMPACTING CONC...IRJET Journal
The document presents an experimental study on the flexural behavior of lightweight self-compacting concrete with walnut shell and ground granular blast furnace slag (GGBFS) as mineral admixtures. Walnut shell was used to replace coarse aggregate at 35% volume fraction, and GGBFS was used as a cement replacement. Fresh and hardened properties of normal self-compacting concrete and lightweight self-compacting concrete mixes were tested. The results showed that the lightweight self-compacting concrete with 35% walnut shell replacement achieved a slump flow diameter of 550 mm, 28 MPa compressive strength, and 2.4 MPa split tensile strength. The study demonstrated that walnut shell can
IRJET- Achieving the Mechanical Properties in Conventional Concrete by using ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on achieving mechanical properties in conventional concrete by adding super plasticizer and polyethylene glycol 4000. The study aims to compare the mechanical behavior of self-compacting and self-curing concrete to conventional concrete. Self-compacting concrete is made using super plasticizer, fly ash, and reduced aggregate-to-cement ratio to increase flowability. Polyethylene glycol 4000 is added as a self-curing compound instead of water curing. The mechanical properties such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of self-compacting self-curing concrete beams are tested at curing periods of 7, 14, and 28 days and compared to conventional concrete specimens. Test results found
Experimental Investigation on Performance of Recycled Concrete Aggregate as C...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigated the performance of recycled concrete aggregate as a replacement for natural coarse aggregate in concrete. Various concrete mixtures were prepared with 0-95% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled concrete aggregate. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of the concrete mixtures were then tested at 7 and 28 days. The results showed that concrete made with 35% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled concrete aggregate achieved the maximum strengths. Therefore, recycled concrete aggregate can partially replace natural coarse aggregate in concrete without detrimental effects on strength, and 35% was identified as the optimum replacement ratio.
IRJET- Effect of Acid on Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Repaired ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document discusses a study on the effect of acid on the mechanical properties of epoxy repaired concrete. Concrete cubes were tested against sulfuric acid. Some cubes were repaired using epoxy resin after inducing hairline cracks. Compressive strength tests were performed on controlled, repaired, acid-treated controlled and acid-treated repaired cubes. The results showed that epoxy repair regained 80-85% of the original strength and was not very reactive to acid. Acid treatment reduced the compressive strength of both controlled and repaired cubes by around 40% and 20% respectively, indicating that epoxy provided some protection against acid. The study concluded that epoxy is an effective material for concrete crack repair and improves acid resistance
Effect Of Polydisperse Cementitious Polymer Based Waterproof Coated Steel Fib...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on the effect of hybrid fibers, including poly-disperse cementitious polymer based waterproof coated steel fibers and polypropylene fibers, on the mechanical properties of concrete. Steel fibers were coated with styrene butadiene rubber to provide corrosion resistance. Various concrete mixtures with variations in the percentage of steel and polypropylene fibers were tested. The study found that hybrid fibers improved the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of concrete compared to non-fiber concrete. The waterproof coating on the steel fibers helped boost the structure's energy absorption capacity and resistance to chemical attacks.
Study on flexural behaviour of Self compacting concrete using alccofineIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the flexural behavior of self-compacting concrete using Alccofine, an ultrafine mineral admixture. Cement in self-compacting concrete mixes was partially replaced with 10% Alccofine. Beams made with the Alccofine mix showed similar load-deflection behavior and achieved failure loads comparable to control beams made with conventional self-compacting concrete. The results indicate that Alccofine can be effectively used to partially replace cement in self-compacting concrete with similar flexural performance.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SCC BY ADDING POLYPROPYLENE FIBER WITH CASHEW NUT SHELL...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on the mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) with the addition of polypropylene fiber and partial replacement of cement with cashew nut shell ash (CNSA). CNSA was used to replace cement at levels of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% and polypropylene fiber was added at 1%. Cubes and cylinders were cast and tested for compressive and split tensile strength at 7 and 28 days. Test results showed that the mix with 10% CNSA replacement and 1% polypropylene fiber addition achieved the highest strengths, exceeding that of the control mix without additions. Therefore, this mix was determined to be the optimum mix proportion studied
Study of partial replacement of cement by barite powder and silica fume in se...IRJET Journal
The document studies the effect of partially replacing cement with barite powder and silica fume on the mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete. Specimens of M30 grade self-compacting concrete were prepared by replacing cement at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% levels with barite powder and silica fume added at one-fourth the barite powder level. The compressive strength and split tensile strength of the specimens were tested after 7 and 28 days of curing and compared with a control specimen. The results showed that compressive strength generally increased up to 15% replacement, beyond which it started decreasing, while split tensile strength followed a similar trend.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON FLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR OF LIGHT WEIGHT SELF-COMPACTING CONC...IRJET Journal
The document presents an experimental study on the flexural behavior of lightweight self-compacting concrete with walnut shell and ground granular blast furnace slag (GGBFS) as mineral admixtures. Walnut shell was used to replace coarse aggregate at 35% volume fraction, and GGBFS was used as a cement replacement. Fresh and hardened properties of normal self-compacting concrete and lightweight self-compacting concrete mixes were tested. The results showed that the lightweight self-compacting concrete with 35% walnut shell replacement achieved a slump flow diameter of 550 mm, 28 MPa compressive strength, and 2.4 MPa split tensile strength. The study demonstrated that walnut shell can
IRJET- Achieving the Mechanical Properties in Conventional Concrete by using ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on achieving mechanical properties in conventional concrete by adding super plasticizer and polyethylene glycol 4000. The study aims to compare the mechanical behavior of self-compacting and self-curing concrete to conventional concrete. Self-compacting concrete is made using super plasticizer, fly ash, and reduced aggregate-to-cement ratio to increase flowability. Polyethylene glycol 4000 is added as a self-curing compound instead of water curing. The mechanical properties such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of self-compacting self-curing concrete beams are tested at curing periods of 7, 14, and 28 days and compared to conventional concrete specimens. Test results found
Experimental Investigation on Performance of Recycled Concrete Aggregate as C...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigated the performance of recycled concrete aggregate as a replacement for natural coarse aggregate in concrete. Various concrete mixtures were prepared with 0-95% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled concrete aggregate. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of the concrete mixtures were then tested at 7 and 28 days. The results showed that concrete made with 35% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled concrete aggregate achieved the maximum strengths. Therefore, recycled concrete aggregate can partially replace natural coarse aggregate in concrete without detrimental effects on strength, and 35% was identified as the optimum replacement ratio.
IRJET- Effect of Acid on Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Repaired ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document discusses a study on the effect of acid on the mechanical properties of epoxy repaired concrete. Concrete cubes were tested against sulfuric acid. Some cubes were repaired using epoxy resin after inducing hairline cracks. Compressive strength tests were performed on controlled, repaired, acid-treated controlled and acid-treated repaired cubes. The results showed that epoxy repair regained 80-85% of the original strength and was not very reactive to acid. Acid treatment reduced the compressive strength of both controlled and repaired cubes by around 40% and 20% respectively, indicating that epoxy provided some protection against acid. The study concluded that epoxy is an effective material for concrete crack repair and improves acid resistance
Effect Of Polydisperse Cementitious Polymer Based Waterproof Coated Steel Fib...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on the effect of hybrid fibers, including poly-disperse cementitious polymer based waterproof coated steel fibers and polypropylene fibers, on the mechanical properties of concrete. Steel fibers were coated with styrene butadiene rubber to provide corrosion resistance. Various concrete mixtures with variations in the percentage of steel and polypropylene fibers were tested. The study found that hybrid fibers improved the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of concrete compared to non-fiber concrete. The waterproof coating on the steel fibers helped boost the structure's energy absorption capacity and resistance to chemical attacks.
Investigation on the effect of composition of calcium carbonate, cpw and dop ...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes an investigation into the effect of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), chlorinated paraffin wax (CPW), and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) composition on the tensile strength of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) wire jackets containing 45% PVC resin. Nine mixtures were prepared with varying CaCO3, CPW, and DOP content and tested for ultimate tensile strength. Contour plots and scatterplots showed tensile strength was highest with 23.52% CaCO3, 13.0% CPW, and 14.75% DOP. The optimal results demonstrated the interactive effects of simultaneously varying the different components in the mixture.
An Experimental Investigation of Concrete of Partial Replacement of Cement by...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study investigating the effects of partially replacing cement with metakaolin in concrete mixtures. Metakaolin is an industrial byproduct that is produced by calcining kaolin clay. Three concrete mixtures (M20, M25, M30) were tested with metakaolin replacing cement at levels of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Compressive and split tensile strengths were tested at 7 and 28 days. The results showed that both compressive and tensile strengths generally increased as the level of metakaolin replacement increased up to 15%, with the highest strengths achieved with 15% metakaolin replacement.
IRJET- Evaluation of Concrete Properties with Impregnated Different PolymersIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study that evaluated the properties of concrete impregnated with different polymers. M30 grade concrete was prepared with polymers like SBR latex, polycarboxylate ether (PCE), and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The study tested the workability, strength, compaction, and flexural strength of the concrete mixes. Polymers can enhance concrete properties by reducing the water-cement ratio and improving hydration. The objective was to determine the effects of these different polymer types on the plasticity, curing, and strength of the concrete.
Study on Rheological & Mechanical Properties of SCM using Mineral Admixture a...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the rheological and mechanical properties of self-compacting mortar (SCM) using mineral admixtures as a partial replacement for cement. Ternary and quaternary SCM mixes were developed with different percentages of fly ash, metakaolin, and silica fume replacing cement. Fresh properties were evaluated using mini slump and mini V-funnel tests. Hardened properties of compressive and flexural strength were determined after 7, 14, and 28 days of curing. The results showed that ternary mixes with 20% fly ash and 10% metakaolin (M1.2) and 10% metakaolin and 5% silica fume, as
IRJET- Research on Coir Fiber Reinforced Cement ConcreteIRJET Journal
1. The document discusses research on using coir fiber to reinforce cement concrete. Coir fiber reinforced concrete was found to have 30-35% higher compressive and flexural strength compared to normal concrete.
2. Beams made with coir fiber reinforced concrete had 36% higher flexural strength in plain cement concrete beams and 30-35% higher flexural and compressive strength in reinforced cement concrete beams compared to normal concrete beams.
3. The document concludes that coir fiber reinforcement improves the ductility and post-cracking load capacity of concrete while also increasing its strength properties. Coir fiber is also beneficial as it is non-corrosive and has low weight, high strength, and low thermal conductivity
Effect Of Polyster Fiber And Ceramic Waste As A Replacement Ingredients In Co...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the effect of adding polyester fiber and ceramic waste as replacements in concrete. The study tested concrete mixtures with polyester fiber additions of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by weight of cement and ceramic waste additions of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% as a replacement for natural coarse aggregate. The concrete mixtures were tested for their workability and mechanical properties like compressive and flexural strength at curing periods of 7 and 28 days. The results showed improvements in the compressive and flexural strengths of concrete with increasing polyester fiber and ceramic waste additions up to certain limits.
EFFECT OF PRE-SLASH SOAKED LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATES AND SUPER ABSORBENT POLYMER...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the use of internal curing agents like pre-soaked lightweight aggregates and super absorbent polymers to improve the properties of concrete. M25 concrete mixes were prepared by replacing sand with 6%, 12%, 18% vermiculite and cement with 0.245%, 0.345%, 0.445% super absorbent polymer. Cubes, beams and cylinders were cast and tested at 7, 14, 28 days to determine compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength. The results showed that internal curing improved the strength properties of concrete compared to conventionally cured concrete. Prior studies also found maximum improvement in strength at around 5% vermiculite replacement and 0.35% super absorbent
EFFECT ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE USING FINE AGGREGATE AS PARTIAL R...IRJET Journal
This document investigates the effect of using fly ash as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. Fly ash is a byproduct of coal combustion in thermal power plants and its utilization remains low. The study designs concrete mixes with fly ash replacing fine sand at percentages between 46-54%. The compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity of the concrete mixes are then tested at 7 and 28 days. The results are analyzed to understand the impact of different fly ash replacement levels on the mechanical properties of concrete.
EFFECT OF NANO-SILICA ON SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE (SCC) AS PARTIAL REPLACEMEN...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research into the effects of adding nano-silica as a partial replacement for cement in self-compacting concrete. Fresh and hardened properties were tested with nano-silica replacements of 0%, 3%, 4%, and 5%. Test results showed that compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths increased up to 4% replacement, with 4% being the optimum dosage. Higher than 4% replacement resulted in agglomeration and decreased strengths, though strengths remained higher than the control mix without nano-silica. The nano-silica was found to increase water demand and require higher dosages of superplasticizer to maintain workability. In conclusion, partial replacement of cement with up to 4% nano-silica
EFFECT OF ADDTION OF POLYPROPYLENE FIBRE ON THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPE...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the effect of adding polypropylene fiber to self-compacting concrete. It analyzes changes in physical properties like bulk density, apparent porosity, and water absorption and mechanical properties like compressive strength. The study found that compressive strength initially increased when adding 2% polypropylene fiber but then decreased with 3% fiber. Bulk density and compressive strength decreased with higher fiber content, while apparent porosity and water absorption increased due to the porous nature of the fiber. In conclusion, adding polypropylene fiber impacted both the physical and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete.
IRJET- A Basic Study on Calcium Carbide Aerated Geopolymer with Pozzolanic Po...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on producing aerated geopolymer concrete using calcium carbide as the aerating agent. The geopolymer was produced using a combination of fly ash and rice husk ash activated with sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solutions. Calcium carbide was added at various percentages and reacts with water to produce acetylene gas bubbles, reducing the density. Specimens with calcium carbide additions from 1-5% were tested for density, water absorption, and compressive strength. Results showed minimum densities near 1300kg/m3, water absorption under 14%, and maximum strengths with 2% calcium carbide. The study demonstrated calcium carbide is a viable aerating agent for geopoly
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON DURABILITY ASPECTS OF SELF- COMPACTING CONCRETE USING...IRJET Journal
The document discusses experimental studies on the durability of self-compacting concrete that uses Alccofine and biochar as partial replacements for cement. Alccofine is an ultrafine material with particles smaller than cement that can replace up to 70% of cement. Biochar is a solid product created from pyrolyzing biomass. The study aims to examine the durability properties such as sulphate attack resistance, water absorption, and carbonation of self-compacting concrete with 10% Alccofine and 2% biochar replacements, compared to conventional self-compacting concrete. The results indicate the compressive strength of concrete improved with Alccofine, and the durability properties were superior to conventional self
Effect of Limewater on the Properties of Binary Blended Cementitious CompositeIRJET Journal
This document studied the effect of limewater on the properties of cement mixtures containing silica fume. Tests were conducted on cement mixtures with 0-50% replacement of cement with silica fume, and mixing with either water or saturated limewater. Using limewater increased both initial and final setting times compared to water. Compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength were highest with 30% silica fume replacement and limewater mixing, showing increases of 34.7%, 60.96%, and 46.91% respectively over the control mixture without silica fume or limewater at 28 days. In conclusion, limewater improved the mechanical properties of cement mixtures with 30% silica fume replacement.
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Cement with Fly Ash Cenospheres in Cement C...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research into partially replacing cement with fly ash cenospheres in concrete. Experimental tests were conducted replacing cement at levels of 0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, 16%, and 20% by mass. Compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength tests were performed on samples cured for 7 and 28 days. The results showed that replacing 8% of cement with cenospheres improved compressive strength by 11.69%, split tensile strength by 26.2%, and flexural strength by 33.73% compared to normal concrete. Replacing more than 8% of cement reduced strengths below design limits. Thus, the optimum replacement of cement with cenospheres was determined to be 8%
Experimental investigate on the Influence of Sisal Fiber and Rice Husk Ash on...IRJET Journal
The document investigates the influence of sisal fiber and rice husk ash on the mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete. Specifically:
- Cement was partially replaced with 5%, 10%, and 15% rice husk ash. Test results found that 10% replacement increased compressive and split tensile strength the most.
- With rice husk ash fixed at the optimal 10% replacement, sisal fiber was added at 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by volume. Test results indicated compressive strength increased with up to 1.5% fiber but decreased with 2% fiber. Split tensile strength generally increased with fiber content.
- The optimal mix was determined to
Use of Silica Fume in Concrete Partially Replacement By Cement” -A REVIEWIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research into using silica fume as a partial replacement for cement in concrete. Silica fume is a byproduct of silicon production that can improve the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. The study involved casting concrete cubes, beams, and cylinders with 0-20% replacements of cement with silica fume. Testing at 7, 14, and 28 days found that compressive, tensile, and flexural strength peaked at a 15% replacement, with higher replacements reducing strength. The results indicate that silica fume can increase concrete strength when used as a partial cement replacement up to 15%.
An Investigation on Strength and Durability of Cement Concrete Partially Repl...IRJET Journal
This document investigates using granite slurry as a partial replacement for cement in concrete. Granite slurry is a waste material from rock quarrying and crushing. The study tested concrete mixtures with 5-20% cement replacement using granite slurry under 75 microns. Tests found compressive and flexural strength were maintained with up to 10% replacement after 28 days. Higher replacements showed strength decreases. The study concluded granite slurry can be used for partial cement replacement, providing both economic and environmental benefits by reducing costs and waste. Up to 5% replacement provided optimal strength properties.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON FLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR AND LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY OF LIGHT ...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on the flexural behavior and load carrying capacity of lightweight self-compacting concrete (LWSCC) using walnut shell as a coarse aggregate replacement. Walnut shell was used to replace 35% of the coarse aggregate volume in self-compacting concrete mixes. Fly ash was also used as a mineral admixture. The fresh and hardened properties of LWSCC mixes were tested and compared to conventional self-compacting concrete. The results showed that LWSCC mixes achieved similar workability and mechanical properties to conventional self-compacting concrete. In particular, a slump flow diameter of 560mm, compressive strength of 34MPa, and split tensile strength of 3.22MP
IRJET- Improvement of Lightweight Concrete by using Natural FibresIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research into improving the strength of lightweight concrete by adding natural fibers. Lightweight concrete was made by replacing 40% of aggregates with pumice stone and 40% of sand with pumice powder. Banana fibers were added in percentages from 0.1% to 0.4%. Testing found that compressive strength increased from 0.1% to 0.3% fiber content, but decreased after 0.3%, making 0.3% the optimum amount. The results indicate that simultaneously replacing aggregate and sand with pumice stone and powder is feasible for non-structural concrete members. Flexural and split tensile strength also increased with fiber addition.
Experimental Analysis Of High Performance Concrete With Different Case Of Sil...IRJET Journal
The document discusses experimental analysis of high performance concrete with different amounts of silica fume. Three concrete mixes were tested: normal HPC without additions, HPC1 with 10% silica fume and 0.7% steel fiber, and HPC2 with 20% silica fume and 0.7% steel fiber. Compressive strength was tested at 7, 14, and 28 days. Results showed that both HPC1 and HPC2 had higher compressive strengths than HPC at all ages, with HPC2 achieving the highest strengths with up to 19.07% more than HPC at 28 days. The addition of silica fume and steel fibers improved the compressive strength of high performance
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
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This document summarizes a study on producing aerated geopolymer concrete using calcium carbide as the aerating agent. The geopolymer was produced using a combination of fly ash and rice husk ash activated with sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solutions. Calcium carbide was added at various percentages and reacts with water to produce acetylene gas bubbles, reducing the density. Specimens with calcium carbide additions from 1-5% were tested for density, water absorption, and compressive strength. Results showed minimum densities near 1300kg/m3, water absorption under 14%, and maximum strengths with 2% calcium carbide. The study demonstrated calcium carbide is a viable aerating agent for geopoly
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON DURABILITY ASPECTS OF SELF- COMPACTING CONCRETE USING...IRJET Journal
The document discusses experimental studies on the durability of self-compacting concrete that uses Alccofine and biochar as partial replacements for cement. Alccofine is an ultrafine material with particles smaller than cement that can replace up to 70% of cement. Biochar is a solid product created from pyrolyzing biomass. The study aims to examine the durability properties such as sulphate attack resistance, water absorption, and carbonation of self-compacting concrete with 10% Alccofine and 2% biochar replacements, compared to conventional self-compacting concrete. The results indicate the compressive strength of concrete improved with Alccofine, and the durability properties were superior to conventional self
Effect of Limewater on the Properties of Binary Blended Cementitious CompositeIRJET Journal
This document studied the effect of limewater on the properties of cement mixtures containing silica fume. Tests were conducted on cement mixtures with 0-50% replacement of cement with silica fume, and mixing with either water or saturated limewater. Using limewater increased both initial and final setting times compared to water. Compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength were highest with 30% silica fume replacement and limewater mixing, showing increases of 34.7%, 60.96%, and 46.91% respectively over the control mixture without silica fume or limewater at 28 days. In conclusion, limewater improved the mechanical properties of cement mixtures with 30% silica fume replacement.
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Cement with Fly Ash Cenospheres in Cement C...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research into partially replacing cement with fly ash cenospheres in concrete. Experimental tests were conducted replacing cement at levels of 0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, 16%, and 20% by mass. Compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength tests were performed on samples cured for 7 and 28 days. The results showed that replacing 8% of cement with cenospheres improved compressive strength by 11.69%, split tensile strength by 26.2%, and flexural strength by 33.73% compared to normal concrete. Replacing more than 8% of cement reduced strengths below design limits. Thus, the optimum replacement of cement with cenospheres was determined to be 8%
Experimental investigate on the Influence of Sisal Fiber and Rice Husk Ash on...IRJET Journal
The document investigates the influence of sisal fiber and rice husk ash on the mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete. Specifically:
- Cement was partially replaced with 5%, 10%, and 15% rice husk ash. Test results found that 10% replacement increased compressive and split tensile strength the most.
- With rice husk ash fixed at the optimal 10% replacement, sisal fiber was added at 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by volume. Test results indicated compressive strength increased with up to 1.5% fiber but decreased with 2% fiber. Split tensile strength generally increased with fiber content.
- The optimal mix was determined to
Use of Silica Fume in Concrete Partially Replacement By Cement” -A REVIEWIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research into using silica fume as a partial replacement for cement in concrete. Silica fume is a byproduct of silicon production that can improve the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. The study involved casting concrete cubes, beams, and cylinders with 0-20% replacements of cement with silica fume. Testing at 7, 14, and 28 days found that compressive, tensile, and flexural strength peaked at a 15% replacement, with higher replacements reducing strength. The results indicate that silica fume can increase concrete strength when used as a partial cement replacement up to 15%.
An Investigation on Strength and Durability of Cement Concrete Partially Repl...IRJET Journal
This document investigates using granite slurry as a partial replacement for cement in concrete. Granite slurry is a waste material from rock quarrying and crushing. The study tested concrete mixtures with 5-20% cement replacement using granite slurry under 75 microns. Tests found compressive and flexural strength were maintained with up to 10% replacement after 28 days. Higher replacements showed strength decreases. The study concluded granite slurry can be used for partial cement replacement, providing both economic and environmental benefits by reducing costs and waste. Up to 5% replacement provided optimal strength properties.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON FLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR AND LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY OF LIGHT ...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on the flexural behavior and load carrying capacity of lightweight self-compacting concrete (LWSCC) using walnut shell as a coarse aggregate replacement. Walnut shell was used to replace 35% of the coarse aggregate volume in self-compacting concrete mixes. Fly ash was also used as a mineral admixture. The fresh and hardened properties of LWSCC mixes were tested and compared to conventional self-compacting concrete. The results showed that LWSCC mixes achieved similar workability and mechanical properties to conventional self-compacting concrete. In particular, a slump flow diameter of 560mm, compressive strength of 34MPa, and split tensile strength of 3.22MP
IRJET- Improvement of Lightweight Concrete by using Natural FibresIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research into improving the strength of lightweight concrete by adding natural fibers. Lightweight concrete was made by replacing 40% of aggregates with pumice stone and 40% of sand with pumice powder. Banana fibers were added in percentages from 0.1% to 0.4%. Testing found that compressive strength increased from 0.1% to 0.3% fiber content, but decreased after 0.3%, making 0.3% the optimum amount. The results indicate that simultaneously replacing aggregate and sand with pumice stone and powder is feasible for non-structural concrete members. Flexural and split tensile strength also increased with fiber addition.
Experimental Analysis Of High Performance Concrete With Different Case Of Sil...IRJET Journal
The document discusses experimental analysis of high performance concrete with different amounts of silica fume. Three concrete mixes were tested: normal HPC without additions, HPC1 with 10% silica fume and 0.7% steel fiber, and HPC2 with 20% silica fume and 0.7% steel fiber. Compressive strength was tested at 7, 14, and 28 days. Results showed that both HPC1 and HPC2 had higher compressive strengths than HPC at all ages, with HPC2 achieving the highest strengths with up to 19.07% more than HPC at 28 days. The addition of silica fume and steel fibers improved the compressive strength of high performance
Similar to EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SELFCOMPACTING RC BEAMS REINFORCED WITH POLY-VINYL MESH ON ALTERNATIVE PHASES AS SHEAR REINFORCEMENT (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.