Exhaust gas recirculation ( egr) system
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Exhaust gas Re circulation Systems
The document discusses exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and its use in internal combustion engines to reduce NOx emissions. It first defines NOx as oxides of nitrogen produced during combustion and describes the mechanisms of NO and NO2 formation. It then discusses factors that affect NOx production and methods to reduce it, including EGR. The document explains the components and working of an EGR system, including different types of EGR control valves. It outlines the advantages of EGR in reducing temperatures and NOx, as well as potential disadvantages in power reduction. Finally, it briefly discusses EGR feedback systems used by engine control modules.
Exhaust gas-recirculation-in-four-stroke-engine
Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is a method to reduce NOx emissions from engines. It works by recirculating exhaust gases back into the engine cylinders, which reduces oxygen and lowers combustion temperatures. This prevents nitrogen and oxygen from combining to form harmful NOx. The basic parts of an EGR system are the EGR valve, EGR cooler, and EGR transfer pipe. EGR lowers NOx by up to 70% but introduces complexity that must be carefully controlled to avoid degradation and instability over many operating conditions. Further development aims to improve durability and integration with engine management systems.
Exhaust gas recirculation
Vehicular traffic is a major contributor to environmental pollution today. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted from vehicle exhaust are particularly harmful, as they are constituents of smog and contribute to acid rain and respiratory illnesses. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is an effective method to reduce NOx emissions from diesel engines by recirculating exhaust gas into the engine cylinders, lowering peak combustion temperatures and reducing available oxygen. This intermixing of exhaust gas with intake air through an EGR valve and cooler system achieves NOx reductions of 5-30% while improving engine efficiency and life.
Exhaust gas recirculation system
This document provides an overview of exhaust gas recirculation systems. It discusses how nitrogen oxides (NOx) form in diesel engines due to high combustion temperatures. Exhaust gas recirculation reduces NOx by diluting the oxygen in incoming air with inert exhaust gases, lowering in-cylinder temperatures. The basic components of an EGR system include an EGR valve, cooler, and transfer pipe to recirculate a portion of exhaust back to the intake manifold. By reducing oxygen levels and peak combustion temperatures, EGR decreases NOx emissions while improving engine efficiency and life. However, EGR can also reduce power output if oxygen levels are decreased too much.
exhaust gas recirculation
The document summarizes a student project on implementing exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in two-wheeler engines to reduce NOx emissions. It provides background on NOx formation and how EGR works to lower combustion temperatures and oxygen concentration to reduce NOx. The project describes the components of an EGR system, including a gate valve, carbon filter and 2D drawing. Experimental results show relationships between EGR rate, oxygen concentration and reductions in NOx and HC emissions. Technical issues involving combustion contamination, control system stability and materials durability are also discussed. The conclusion is that EGR is an effective and reliable method to control emissions while maintaining fuel efficiency.
SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION SYSTEM (SCR)
Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is an advanced active emissions control technology system that injects a liquid-reductant agent through a special catalyst into the exhaust stream of a diesel engine. The reductant source is usually automotive-grade urea, otherwise known as Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF). The DEF sets off a chemical reaction that converts nitrogen oxides into nitrogen, water and tiny amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2), natural components of the air we breathe, which is then expelled through the vehicle tailpipe.
SCR technology is designed to permit nitrogen oxide (NOx) reduction reactions to take place in an oxidizing atmosphere. It is called "selective" because it reduces levels of NOx using ammonia as a reductant within a catalyst system. The chemical reaction is known as "reduction" where the DEF is the reducing agent that reacts with NOx to convert the pollutants into nitrogen, water and tiny amounts of CO2. The DEF can be rapidly broken down to produce the oxidizing ammonia in the exhaust stream. SCR technology alone can achieve NOx reductions up to 90 percent
Exhuast emission reduce system in petrol and diesel engine car
This document discusses methods for reducing exhaust emissions from petrol and diesel engines. It describes the types of emissions produced by vehicles like hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen. It then outlines several engine modifications and emission control systems that can lower emissions, such as lowering compression ratios, reducing combustion chamber surface volume, exhaust gas recirculation, catalytic converters, and thermal reactor systems. It concludes by explaining India's Bharat emission standards which set limits for air pollutants from vehicles and machinery.
Ic engine emissions
The document discusses various sources of emissions from internal combustion engines and emission control strategies. It covers the primary emissions from gasoline and diesel engines like CO, HC, NOx, and PM. It also outlines emission norms for different vehicle types over different periods in countries like India. Furthermore, it analyzes the formation of different emissions like hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulates in detail. Lastly, it discusses approaches to control emissions like improving combustion, optimizing operating parameters, and using after-treatment devices like catalytic converters.
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Exhaust gas Re circulation Systems
The document discusses exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and its use in internal combustion engines to reduce NOx emissions. It first defines NOx as oxides of nitrogen produced during combustion and describes the mechanisms of NO and NO2 formation. It then discusses factors that affect NOx production and methods to reduce it, including EGR. The document explains the components and working of an EGR system, including different types of EGR control valves. It outlines the advantages of EGR in reducing temperatures and NOx, as well as potential disadvantages in power reduction. Finally, it briefly discusses EGR feedback systems used by engine control modules.
Exhaust gas-recirculation-in-four-stroke-engine
Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is a method to reduce NOx emissions from engines. It works by recirculating exhaust gases back into the engine cylinders, which reduces oxygen and lowers combustion temperatures. This prevents nitrogen and oxygen from combining to form harmful NOx. The basic parts of an EGR system are the EGR valve, EGR cooler, and EGR transfer pipe. EGR lowers NOx by up to 70% but introduces complexity that must be carefully controlled to avoid degradation and instability over many operating conditions. Further development aims to improve durability and integration with engine management systems.
Exhaust gas recirculation
Vehicular traffic is a major contributor to environmental pollution today. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted from vehicle exhaust are particularly harmful, as they are constituents of smog and contribute to acid rain and respiratory illnesses. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is an effective method to reduce NOx emissions from diesel engines by recirculating exhaust gas into the engine cylinders, lowering peak combustion temperatures and reducing available oxygen. This intermixing of exhaust gas with intake air through an EGR valve and cooler system achieves NOx reductions of 5-30% while improving engine efficiency and life.
Exhaust gas recirculation system
This document provides an overview of exhaust gas recirculation systems. It discusses how nitrogen oxides (NOx) form in diesel engines due to high combustion temperatures. Exhaust gas recirculation reduces NOx by diluting the oxygen in incoming air with inert exhaust gases, lowering in-cylinder temperatures. The basic components of an EGR system include an EGR valve, cooler, and transfer pipe to recirculate a portion of exhaust back to the intake manifold. By reducing oxygen levels and peak combustion temperatures, EGR decreases NOx emissions while improving engine efficiency and life. However, EGR can also reduce power output if oxygen levels are decreased too much.
exhaust gas recirculation
The document summarizes a student project on implementing exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in two-wheeler engines to reduce NOx emissions. It provides background on NOx formation and how EGR works to lower combustion temperatures and oxygen concentration to reduce NOx. The project describes the components of an EGR system, including a gate valve, carbon filter and 2D drawing. Experimental results show relationships between EGR rate, oxygen concentration and reductions in NOx and HC emissions. Technical issues involving combustion contamination, control system stability and materials durability are also discussed. The conclusion is that EGR is an effective and reliable method to control emissions while maintaining fuel efficiency.
SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION SYSTEM (SCR)
Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is an advanced active emissions control technology system that injects a liquid-reductant agent through a special catalyst into the exhaust stream of a diesel engine. The reductant source is usually automotive-grade urea, otherwise known as Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF). The DEF sets off a chemical reaction that converts nitrogen oxides into nitrogen, water and tiny amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2), natural components of the air we breathe, which is then expelled through the vehicle tailpipe.
SCR technology is designed to permit nitrogen oxide (NOx) reduction reactions to take place in an oxidizing atmosphere. It is called "selective" because it reduces levels of NOx using ammonia as a reductant within a catalyst system. The chemical reaction is known as "reduction" where the DEF is the reducing agent that reacts with NOx to convert the pollutants into nitrogen, water and tiny amounts of CO2. The DEF can be rapidly broken down to produce the oxidizing ammonia in the exhaust stream. SCR technology alone can achieve NOx reductions up to 90 percent
Exhuast emission reduce system in petrol and diesel engine car
This document discusses methods for reducing exhaust emissions from petrol and diesel engines. It describes the types of emissions produced by vehicles like hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen. It then outlines several engine modifications and emission control systems that can lower emissions, such as lowering compression ratios, reducing combustion chamber surface volume, exhaust gas recirculation, catalytic converters, and thermal reactor systems. It concludes by explaining India's Bharat emission standards which set limits for air pollutants from vehicles and machinery.
Ic engine emissions
The document discusses various sources of emissions from internal combustion engines and emission control strategies. It covers the primary emissions from gasoline and diesel engines like CO, HC, NOx, and PM. It also outlines emission norms for different vehicle types over different periods in countries like India. Furthermore, it analyzes the formation of different emissions like hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulates in detail. Lastly, it discusses approaches to control emissions like improving combustion, optimizing operating parameters, and using after-treatment devices like catalytic converters.
Three way catalytic converter
The document discusses catalytic converters, which are emission control devices that convert toxic gases from vehicle exhaust into less toxic pollutants. It describes the functions of catalytic converters, their construction using a ceramic core with precious metal catalysts, and how they work to oxidize carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons while also reducing oxides of nitrogen through redox reactions. The document differentiates between two-way catalytic converters, which control carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, and three-way catalytic converters, which also control oxides of nitrogen emissions. Three-way catalytic converters are highlighted as the most effective at reducing the three main pollutants from vehicle exhaust.
EXHAUST GAS RE-CIRCULATION SYSTEM
Exhaust Gas Recirculation is an effective method for NOx control. The exhaust gases mainly consist of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc. and the mixture has higher specific heat compared to atmospheric air. Re-circulated exhaust gas displaces fresh air entering the combustion chamber with carbon dioxide and water vapor present in engine exhaust. As a consequence of this air displacement, lower amount of oxygen in the intake mixture is available for combustion. Reduced oxygen available for combustion lowers the effective air–fuel ratio. This effective reduction in air–fuel ratio affects exhaust emissions
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The document discusses pollutant formation and control in internal combustion engines. It introduces the main pollutants from spark ignition and diesel engines as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and unburned or partially burned hydrocarbons. It then explains the formation of nitrogen oxides and emissions in diesel engines, including unburned hydrocarbons and particulate emissions. Finally, it discusses methods to control engine emissions, including engineering combustion processes, optimizing operating parameters, and using after-treatment devices like catalytic converters.
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What are the pollutants produced by Internal Combustion Engines how to control them and measure them.
Emission control system
The emission control system reduces pollutants from vehicle exhaust by using several components. The positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) system and evaporative emission (EVAP) system reduce hydrocarbons, while the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system and three-way catalytic converter (TWC) lower nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. These work together to minimize harmful emissions like carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and particulate matter that can impact human health.
IC engines -emission and its control
This document presents information on engine emissions and control methods. It discusses the different types of exhaust emissions from engines, including unburnt hydrocarbons, oxides of carbon, nitrogen, and particulates. It also examines non-exhaust emissions and the factors that influence emissions levels. Emission control methods covered include thermal converters and catalytic converters, which use platinum, palladium and rhodium to convert harmful exhaust gases into less harmful emissions. Problems with catalytic converters like cold starts and non-exhaust emissions are also outlined.
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The document discusses positive crankcase ventilation systems which draw crankcase vapors into the engine's intake manifold to be burned. It describes how PCV valves control the flow of crankcase gases and air into the engine.
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The document discusses engine emissions and their control. It describes the various pollutants emitted from internal combustion engines like hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and particulate matter. It explains the formation mechanisms of different pollutants and the factors affecting their production. The document also covers evaporative, crankcase and non-exhaust emissions from vehicles. It discusses various approaches to control emissions from spark ignition and compression ignition engines like modifying engine design, operating parameters, using emission treatment devices and reformulating fuels.
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This ppt describes about the working of ABS and components, advantages and a short video clip explain clearly about the ABS. There also the be comparison for the car with ABS and without ABS in form of short GIF.
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This document provides an overview of automobile basics, including:
- A brief history of early automobile development from the 1860s to 1900s.
- Henry Ford's innovations like interchangeable parts and assembly line production that reduced costs to $200 per vehicle.
- The four basic parts of vehicles: engine, chassis, drive train, and body.
- Descriptions of key engine systems like fuel, ignition, cooling, and emission controls.
- Different types of vehicle frames, bodies, drivetrains, braking, suspension, and steering systems.
Stages of combustion
This document discusses combustion in internal combustion engines. It begins by defining combustion as the rapid chemical combination of fuel and oxygen that releases energy in the form of heat. It then describes the different types of combustion that can occur, including complete and incomplete combustion. The document focuses on the combustion processes in spark-ignition (SI) engines and compression-ignition (CI) engines. For SI engines, it describes the typical three stages of combustion: ignition lag, flame propagation, and afterburning. For CI engines, it outlines the four phases of combustion: ignition delay period, uncontrolled combustion, controlled combustion, and afterburning. Key factors that influence combustion in each engine type are also summarized.
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Brake fluid is a hydraulic fluid used in vehicle braking systems to transfer force and amplify braking pressure. There are two main types: petroleum-based and non-petroleum. Glycol-based fluids like DOT 3, DOT 4, and DOT 5.1 are most common. DOT 3 has advantages like absorbing less moisture and maintaining a higher boiling point longer. Brake fluid must be changed every two years to prevent moisture absorption from decreasing its boiling point and compromising the braking system.
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Pollution is a major concern right now.
Some sources of the pollution from SI Engine.
emission standards
Emission standards regulate the amount of pollutants released from various sources into the environment. They focus on vehicles but also regulate industrial and power plant emissions. Standards are defined differently in the US, Europe, India and California. The limits become more stringent over time, denoted by stages like Euro 1-6 in Europe and Bharat Stages in India. Compliance is determined by engine tests on dynamometers using standardized driving cycles. The standards have been successful in reducing emissions and improving air quality over time but also increase vehicle costs.
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Automated manual transmissions (AMT) provide some benefits over other transmission types. An AMT uses electro-hydraulic actuators to operate the clutch and gear shifts under electronic control, allowing it to function like an automatic while retaining the higher efficiency of a manual. This provides improved fuel economy and performance compared to a traditional automatic. An AMT has lower weight and production costs than other automatic options as well. The document discusses the components and operation of an AMT, including the clutch and transmission actuation systems, electronic control unit, and recent developments like zero-shift capability.
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The document summarizes the key components and functions of a vehicle transmission system. It discusses the purpose of transmitting engine torque to drive the wheels. It then describes the main types of transmissions including manual, automatic, CVT, and their basic workings. The document also explains the purpose and function of key components that work together in a transmission system, such as the clutch, gearbox, driveshaft, differential, and universal joints.
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EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION
IN OUR COUNTRY EVERY YEAR 10LAKH OF PEOPLE WERE SEVERELY AAFFECTED BY AIR POLLUTION IN WHICH AUTOMOBILES ARE THE MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR TO POLLUTION THEREFORE BY IMPLEMENTING RECIRCULATION TECHNOLOGY WE CAN REDUCE POLLUTION GENERATED FROM AUTOMOBILES.
Exhaust-Gas-Recirculation-Presentation.ppt
Exhaust gas recirculation is a advanced technology in automobiles to reduce emissions and pollution control
Egr unit-2 ppt
Vehicular traffic is a major contributor to environmental pollution today. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted from vehicle exhaust are particularly harmful, as they are constituents of smog and contribute to acid rain and respiratory illnesses. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is an effective method to reduce NOx emissions from diesel engines. EGR works by recirculating exhaust gas back into the engine cylinders, which lowers combustion temperatures and reduces the amount of oxygen available for NOx formation.
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The document discusses catalytic converters, which are emission control devices that convert toxic gases from vehicle exhaust into less toxic pollutants. It describes the functions of catalytic converters, their construction using a ceramic core with precious metal catalysts, and how they work to oxidize carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons while also reducing oxides of nitrogen through redox reactions. The document differentiates between two-way catalytic converters, which control carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, and three-way catalytic converters, which also control oxides of nitrogen emissions. Three-way catalytic converters are highlighted as the most effective at reducing the three main pollutants from vehicle exhaust.
EXHAUST GAS RE-CIRCULATION SYSTEM
Exhaust Gas Recirculation is an effective method for NOx control. The exhaust gases mainly consist of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc. and the mixture has higher specific heat compared to atmospheric air. Re-circulated exhaust gas displaces fresh air entering the combustion chamber with carbon dioxide and water vapor present in engine exhaust. As a consequence of this air displacement, lower amount of oxygen in the intake mixture is available for combustion. Reduced oxygen available for combustion lowers the effective air–fuel ratio. This effective reduction in air–fuel ratio affects exhaust emissions
Pollutant,their formation and control in Internal Combustion Engines
The document discusses pollutant formation and control in internal combustion engines. It introduces the main pollutants from spark ignition and diesel engines as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and unburned or partially burned hydrocarbons. It then explains the formation of nitrogen oxides and emissions in diesel engines, including unburned hydrocarbons and particulate emissions. Finally, it discusses methods to control engine emissions, including engineering combustion processes, optimizing operating parameters, and using after-treatment devices like catalytic converters.
Engine emission and their control
What are the pollutants produced by Internal Combustion Engines how to control them and measure them.
Emission control system
The emission control system reduces pollutants from vehicle exhaust by using several components. The positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) system and evaporative emission (EVAP) system reduce hydrocarbons, while the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system and three-way catalytic converter (TWC) lower nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. These work together to minimize harmful emissions like carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and particulate matter that can impact human health.
IC engines -emission and its control
This document presents information on engine emissions and control methods. It discusses the different types of exhaust emissions from engines, including unburnt hydrocarbons, oxides of carbon, nitrogen, and particulates. It also examines non-exhaust emissions and the factors that influence emissions levels. Emission control methods covered include thermal converters and catalytic converters, which use platinum, palladium and rhodium to convert harmful exhaust gases into less harmful emissions. Problems with catalytic converters like cold starts and non-exhaust emissions are also outlined.
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The document discusses positive crankcase ventilation systems which draw crankcase vapors into the engine's intake manifold to be burned. It describes how PCV valves control the flow of crankcase gases and air into the engine.
Engine emission and their control
The document discusses engine emissions and their control. It describes the various pollutants emitted from internal combustion engines like hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and particulate matter. It explains the formation mechanisms of different pollutants and the factors affecting their production. The document also covers evaporative, crankcase and non-exhaust emissions from vehicles. It discusses various approaches to control emissions from spark ignition and compression ignition engines like modifying engine design, operating parameters, using emission treatment devices and reformulating fuels.
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Recent trends In Automobile
This document summarizes trends in automobiles from the past to present and future. In the past, cars had 3-4 cylinder engines running on petrol or diesel with rack and pinion steering and hard brakes. Now, cars have more efficient supercharged or turbocharged engines running on various fuels, with power steering, advanced braking systems, and safety features. In the future, vehicles will run cleaner and faster, using technologies like hybrid power and hydrogen fuel cells to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions.
Antilock braking system (ABS)
This ppt describes about the working of ABS and components, advantages and a short video clip explain clearly about the ABS. There also the be comparison for the car with ABS and without ABS in form of short GIF.
Automobile Basics
This document provides an overview of automobile basics, including:
- A brief history of early automobile development from the 1860s to 1900s.
- Henry Ford's innovations like interchangeable parts and assembly line production that reduced costs to $200 per vehicle.
- The four basic parts of vehicles: engine, chassis, drive train, and body.
- Descriptions of key engine systems like fuel, ignition, cooling, and emission controls.
- Different types of vehicle frames, bodies, drivetrains, braking, suspension, and steering systems.
Stages of combustion
This document discusses combustion in internal combustion engines. It begins by defining combustion as the rapid chemical combination of fuel and oxygen that releases energy in the form of heat. It then describes the different types of combustion that can occur, including complete and incomplete combustion. The document focuses on the combustion processes in spark-ignition (SI) engines and compression-ignition (CI) engines. For SI engines, it describes the typical three stages of combustion: ignition lag, flame propagation, and afterburning. For CI engines, it outlines the four phases of combustion: ignition delay period, uncontrolled combustion, controlled combustion, and afterburning. Key factors that influence combustion in each engine type are also summarized.
brake fluids
Brake fluid is a hydraulic fluid used in vehicle braking systems to transfer force and amplify braking pressure. There are two main types: petroleum-based and non-petroleum. Glycol-based fluids like DOT 3, DOT 4, and DOT 5.1 are most common. DOT 3 has advantages like absorbing less moisture and maintaining a higher boiling point longer. Brake fluid must be changed every two years to prevent moisture absorption from decreasing its boiling point and compromising the braking system.
Pollutants from SI Engine
Pollution is a major concern right now.
Some sources of the pollution from SI Engine.
emission standards
Emission standards regulate the amount of pollutants released from various sources into the environment. They focus on vehicles but also regulate industrial and power plant emissions. Standards are defined differently in the US, Europe, India and California. The limits become more stringent over time, denoted by stages like Euro 1-6 in Europe and Bharat Stages in India. Compliance is determined by engine tests on dynamometers using standardized driving cycles. The standards have been successful in reducing emissions and improving air quality over time but also increase vehicle costs.
automated manual transmission in new generation vehicles
Automated manual transmissions (AMT) provide some benefits over other transmission types. An AMT uses electro-hydraulic actuators to operate the clutch and gear shifts under electronic control, allowing it to function like an automatic while retaining the higher efficiency of a manual. This provides improved fuel economy and performance compared to a traditional automatic. An AMT has lower weight and production costs than other automatic options as well. The document discusses the components and operation of an AMT, including the clutch and transmission actuation systems, electronic control unit, and recent developments like zero-shift capability.
Automatic Transmission System
The document summarizes the key components and functions of a vehicle transmission system. It discusses the purpose of transmitting engine torque to drive the wheels. It then describes the main types of transmissions including manual, automatic, CVT, and their basic workings. The document also explains the purpose and function of key components that work together in a transmission system, such as the clutch, gearbox, driveshaft, differential, and universal joints.
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CNG, or compressed natural gas, is made by compressing methane gas and storing it in hard cylinders at high pressure. It is a cheaper substitute for diesel, petrol, and propane. CNG produces less carbon emissions than these fossil fuels and has several advantages, such as lower maintenance costs and reduced pollution. However, it requires more storage space in vehicles. Despite this disadvantage, CNG has grown popular due to its environmental and economic benefits and over 14 million natural gas vehicles worldwide use CNG as of 2011.
EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION
IN OUR COUNTRY EVERY YEAR 10LAKH OF PEOPLE WERE SEVERELY AAFFECTED BY AIR POLLUTION IN WHICH AUTOMOBILES ARE THE MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR TO POLLUTION THEREFORE BY IMPLEMENTING RECIRCULATION TECHNOLOGY WE CAN REDUCE POLLUTION GENERATED FROM AUTOMOBILES.
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Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is a method to reduce NOx emissions from vehicle engines. It works by piping a portion of exhaust gases back into the intake manifold, which lowers peak combustion temperatures and reduces NOx formation. Testing showed that EGR significantly reduced NOx emissions from engines in a reliable and fuel-efficient way. While EGR decreases available oxygen and can impact performance, it is an effective technique for controlling harmful emissions and improving engine life.
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Typical engine fuels are blends of various fuels species, i.e., multi component. Thus, the original
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Combine Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and Varying Inlet Air Press...
Abstract: To meet stringent vehicular exhaust emission norms worldwide, several exhaust pre-treatment and
post treatment techniques have been employed in modern engines. Also concern of environmental pollution and
energy crisis all over the world have caused the research attention on reduction of diesel engine exhaust
emissions and saving of energy simultaneously. This investigation mainly focuses on reducing exhaust emission
and energy saving by investigating diesel combustion with neat diesel fuel and a new attachment of pressurized
inlet air with Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system. Experiment was conducted in a four stroke direct
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is typically used in agricultural farm machinery. EGR was applied to the experimental engine separately and
also with varying pressure of inlet air. In this study, compressor was used to pressurize the inlet air. The
experiments were carried out to experimentally evaluate the performance and emissions for combine effect
different EGR rates and varying inlet air pressure of the engine. Emissions of hydrocarbon (HC), NOx, carbon
monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2) and temperature of the exhaust gas were measured. Performance
parameters such as Brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) were calculated. It was
found that combined effect of pressurize inlet air attachment and EGR system provided better result on engine
performance than individual EGR effect. Reductions in NOx and exhaust gas temperature were observed but
emissions of HC, CO and CO2 were found to have increased with combine usage of EGR and inlet air pressure.
Thus the modified engine provides more NOx reduction and better fuel economy without reducing useful
characteristics (brake power, brake thermal efficiency etc) of the engine.
Emission Control.ppt
Exhaust emissions from vehicles include hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, and particulates. Vehicle emission control systems aim to reduce these pollutants by using components like the PCV system, EVAP system, EGR system, air injection system, and catalytic converter. These systems help control emissions by recirculating crankcase gases, preventing fuel vapors from escaping, lowering combustion temperatures, and facilitating the chemical conversion of pollutants into less harmful exhaust. Proper maintenance is required to ensure optimal performance of emission control components.
poiiution formation and control
The document is a seminar report submitted for a master's degree in mechanical engineering. It discusses air pollution from internal combustion engines and methods to control emissions. It covers topics like types of pollutants from gasoline and diesel engines, their harmful effects, measurement techniques, and solutions like improving engine design, using cleaner fuels, and installing post-combustion control devices.
EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC FIELD ON FUEL CONSUMPTION AND EXHAUST EMISSIONS IN TWO-ST...
This document summarizes research on the effects of magnetic fields on fuel consumption and exhaust emissions in two-stroke engines. The research found that applying a magnetic field to fuel can reduce fuel consumption by 1-14% and lower exhaust emissions of pollutants like unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide by up to 40%. The magnetic field is believed to realign and separate molecules in the fuel, allowing for better mixing with oxygen and more complete combustion. Experiments were conducted applying various magnetic field intensities to fuel lines on a two-stroke engine, measuring changes in fuel consumption and exhaust emissions at different engine speeds.
Elimination of carbon particles from exhaust gas
This document discusses a project to reduce harmful emissions from diesel engines. The objectives are to control pollution, improve fuel utilization, reduce contamination, and protect human health and the climate. It describes how diesel engines are widely used but emit pollutants that harm the environment. The project aims to reduce the toxicity of diesel exhaust before it is released into the air, which could benefit applications in hazardous areas like refineries.
Unit ii engine auxiliary systems
The document discusses various auxiliary systems used in engines, including carburetors, fuel injection systems, ignition systems, and emission control systems. It provides details on how carburetors work to mix fuel and air, and the limitations of carburetors that led to the development of fuel injection systems. Electronic fuel injection systems use various sensors and an electronic control unit to precisely control fuel delivery. Exhaust gas recirculation systems and catalytic converters are also discussed as methods to control engine emissions.
Unit ii engine auxiliary systems
The document discusses various auxiliary systems used in engines, including carburetors, fuel injection systems, ignition systems, and emission control systems. It provides details on how carburetors work to mix fuel and air, and the limitations of carburetors that led to the development of fuel injection systems. It then describes different types of fuel injection and ignition systems, and emission control technologies like catalytic converters, EGR, and evaporative emission control systems used to reduce pollutants from engine exhaust.
Unit ii engine auxiliary systems
The document discusses various auxiliary systems used in engines, including carburetors, fuel injection systems, ignition systems, and emission control systems. It provides details on how carburetors work to mix fuel and air, and the limitations of carburetors that led to the development of fuel injection systems. It then describes the working of different fuel injection systems as well as ignition and emission control systems such as EGR that are used to reduce pollutants from engine exhaust.
Similar to Exhaust gas recirculation ( egr) system (20)
Engine Emissions at Various Cetane Numbers with Exhaust Gas Recirculation
Engine Emissions at Various Cetane Numbers with Exhaust Gas Recirculation
Combine Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and Varying Inlet Air Press...
Combine Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and Varying Inlet Air Press...
EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC FIELD ON FUEL CONSUMPTION AND EXHAUST EMISSIONS IN TWO-ST...
EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC FIELD ON FUEL CONSUMPTION AND EXHAUST EMISSIONS IN TWO-ST...
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EV Charging at MFH Properties by Whitaker Jamieson
Whitaker Jamieson, Senior Specialist at Forth, gave this presentation at the Forth Addressing The Challenges of Charging at Multi-Family Housing webinar on June 11, 2024.
一比一原版(Columbia文凭证书)哥伦比亚大学毕业证如何办理
一模一样【微信：176555708】【(Columbia文凭证书)哥伦比亚大学毕业证成绩单Offer】【微信：176555708】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：176555708】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：176555708】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
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选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
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Hand Gesture Control Robotic Arm using image processing
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AadiShakti Projects ( Asp Cranes ) Raipur
Welcome to ASP Cranes, your trusted partner for crane solutions in Raipur, Chhattisgarh! With years of experience and a commitment to excellence, we offer a comprehensive range of crane services tailored to meet your lifting and material handling needs.
At ASP Cranes, we understand the importance of reliable and efficient crane operations in various industries, from construction and manufacturing to logistics and infrastructure development. That's why we strive to deliver top-notch solutions that enhance productivity, safety, and cost-effectiveness for our clients.
Our services include:
Crane Rental: Whether you need a crawler crane for heavy lifting or a hydraulic crane for versatile operations, we have a diverse fleet of well-maintained cranes available for rent. Our rental options are flexible and can be customized to suit your project requirements.
Crane Sales: Looking to invest in a crane for your business? We offer a wide selection of new and used cranes from leading manufacturers, ensuring you find the perfect equipment to match your needs and budget.
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Crane Operator Training: Proper training is crucial for safe and efficient crane operation. We offer specialized training programs conducted by certified instructors to equip operators with the skills and knowledge they need to handle cranes effectively.
Custom Solutions: We understand that every project is unique, which is why we offer custom crane solutions tailored to your specific requirements. Whether you need modifications, attachments, or specialized equipment, we can design and implement solutions that meet your needs.
At ASP Cranes, customer satisfaction is our top priority. We are dedicated to delivering reliable, cost-effective, and innovative crane solutions that exceed expectations. Contact us today to learn more about our services and how we can support your project in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, and beyond. Let ASP Cranes be your trusted partner for all your crane needs!
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原版制作(Exeter毕业证书)埃克塞特大学毕业证完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Exeter毕业证书)埃克塞特大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
快速办理(napier毕业证书)英国龙比亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(napier毕业证书)英国龙比亚大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
What do the symbols on vehicle dashboard mean?
Ever been troubled by the blinking sign and didn’t know what to do?
Here’s a handy guide to dashboard symbols so that you’ll never be confused again!
Save them for later and save the trouble!
Catalytic Converter theft prevention - NYC.pptx
Understanding Catalytic Converter Theft:
What is a Catalytic Converter?: Learn about the function of catalytic converters in vehicles and why they are targeted by thieves.
Why are They Stolen?: Discover the valuable metals inside catalytic converters (such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium) that make them attractive to criminals.
Steps to Prevent Catalytic Converter Theft:
Parking Strategies: Tips on where and how to park your vehicle to reduce the risk of theft, such as parking in well-lit areas or secure garages.
Protective Devices: Overview of various anti-theft devices available, including catalytic converter locks, shields, and alarms.
Etching and Marking: The benefits of etching your vehicle’s VIN on the catalytic converter or using a catalytic converter marking kit to make it traceable and less appealing to thieves.
Surveillance and Monitoring: Recommendations for using security cameras and motion-sensor lights to deter thieves.
Statistics and Insights:
Theft Rates by Borough: Analysis of data to determine which borough in NYC experiences the highest rate of catalytic converter thefts.
Recent Trends: Current trends and patterns in catalytic converter thefts to help you stay aware of emerging hotspots and tactics used by thieves.
Benefits of This Presentation:
Awareness: Increase your awareness about catalytic converter theft and its impact on vehicle owners.
Practical Tips: Gain actionable insights and tips to effectively prevent catalytic converter theft.
Local Insights: Understand the specific risks in different NYC boroughs, helping you take targeted preventive measures.
This presentation aims to equip you with the knowledge and tools needed to protect your vehicle from catalytic converter theft, ensuring you are prepared and proactive in safeguarding your property.
一比一原版(WashU文凭证书)圣路易斯华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理
一模一样【微信：176555708】【(WashU文凭证书)圣路易斯华盛顿大学毕业证成绩单Offer】【微信：176555708】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：176555708】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：176555708】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
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Exhaust gas recirculation ( egr) system
- 1. EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION PRESENTED BY ASHEESH KUMAR Roll no:- 16028M02012 123seminarsonly.com
- 2. INTRODUCTION • Major problem faced by today’s world is environmental polluti on. • Of these vehicular traffic is a major contributor . • Exhaust gases from vehicles includes CO,CO2,HC,NOx ….. • Of these NOx is particularly very harmful. • These are one of the chief constituents of smog, which have an adverse effect on ecological systems. • They also contribute to the formation of acid rain. • NOx also cause breathing illness in human beings. 123seminarsonly.com
- 3. FORMATION OF NOx. • The factors that cause diesel engines to run more eff iciently than gasoline engines also cause them to ru n at a higher temperature. • This leads to the creation of nitrogen oxides (NOx). • Fuel in any engine is burned with extra air and some of the oxygen is used to burn the fuel. • When the peak temperatures are high enough for lo ng periods of time, the nitrogen and oxygen in the air combines to form Nitrogen oxides. • These are normally collectively referred to as “NOx”. 123seminarsonly.com
- 4. HOW CAN NOx BE REDUCED? • In order to reduce NOx a engine should run at a lower tem perature than the normal temperature. • Reduced cylinder temperatures can be achieved in three w ays. 1. Enriching the air fuel mixture 2. Lowering the compression ratio and retarding igniti on timings 3. Reducing the amount of Oxygen in the cylinder 123seminarsonly.com
- 5. EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION • Exhaust Gas Recirculation is an efficient method to redu ce NOx emissions from the engine. • It works by recirculating a quantity of exhaust gas back to the engine cylinders. • Intermixing the recirculated gas with incoming air reduce s the amount of available O2 to the combustion And lowe rs the peak temperature of combustion. • Recirculation is usually achieved by piping a route from t he exhaust manifold to the intake manifold. • A control valve within the circuit regulates and times the gas flow. 123seminarsonly.com
- 6. DIAGRAM Schematic Diagram of An EGR 123seminarsonly.com
- 7. BASIC PARTS OF EGR • There are 3 basic parts of EGR 1. EGR Valve 2. EGR Cooler 3. EGR Transfer Pipe 123seminarsonly.com
- 8. TYPICAL FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGIN E WITH BASIC PARTS OF EGR 123seminarsonly.com
- 11. CONCLUSION • Using Exhaust Gas Recirculation Technique in engines, the emissions are vary much controlled due to lesser amounts of NOx entering the atmosphere. • Exhaust Gas Recirculation is a very simple method. It has pr oven to be very useful and it is being modified further to attai n better standards. • This method is very reliable in terms of fuel consumption • EGR is the most effective method for reducing the nitrous oxi de emissions from the engine exhaust. 123seminarsonly.com