The urinary system works to eliminate liquid waste from the body. It consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter waste from the blood to produce urine, which travels through the ureters to the bladder. The bladder stores urine temporarily before it is excreted through the urethra. Common health issues of the urinary system include urinary tract infections, kidney stones, and kidney failure. Proper care includes drinking water, wearing clean underwear, and having regular bowel movements and urination.

2. • Responsible for eliminating wastes from the body.
• Removal of waste is necessary, they become poisonous when remain in the body for long.
• Work with other body system and organs of the body:
- Respiratory system eliminate water vapor and carbon dioxide through exhalation
- Digestive system removes feces by defecation from large intestine to the anus.
- Integumentary system excretes sweat through perspiration.
- Urinary system collects and eliminates liquid waste.

3. FUNCTION: collects and
eliminates liquid waste.
- Consists of the left and right
kidneys, the ureters, the urinary
bladder, and the urethra.

4. Parts of the Urinary System

5. Description: bean-shaped organs
approximately 10 cm long and 5 cm
wide each.
Location: near the backbone one of
each side.
Functions:
- main excretory organ in the body.
- Eliminate water, urea, and other waste
products in the form of urine (a liquid
waste that passes from your body, and
95% water and which waste products is
dissolve

6. 1. Renal arteries – blood vessels that
carries blood with waste products
from the different parts of the body
to the kidneys.
2. Nephrons – filtering units where
impurities such as urea, salts, and
other toxins are filtered out.
3. Renal Veins – blood vessel that
carries blood rich with water, glucose
and other nutrients from the kidney
to the bloodstream.

7. Description: approximately 45 cm long
each
Functions:
- Carry urine from the kidneys to the
urinary bladder

8. Description: a pear shaped muscular sac
located in the pelvis
Functions:
- Urine is temporarily stored before
elimination
- Can hold 2 cups or 473 mL of liquids

9. Description: a duct that is approximately
20 cm long in males and 5 cm long in
females with a ring muscle around the
urethra (controls the floe of urine
through contraction)
Functions:
- Where the urine pass through out of
the body

10. Health Problems Associated with the Urinary
System

11. • A condition in which bacteria infect
any part of the urinary system
causing inflammation.
SIGNS:
- frequent, urgent, painful urination,
and abdominal pain
TREATMENT:
- doctor’s prescribed antibiotics
HOW TO AVOID:
- Keeping the genitals or sex organs
clean and using clean cloth
undergarments

12. • A solid mass of minerals that forms
inside the kidneys, it blocks the urinary
passages
CAUSES:
- Severe pain and bleeding when
urinating
TREATMENT:
- doctor’s prescribed medicine to reduce
the size and so that they can eliminated
during urination.
- If fail to get rid, operation must be done
HOW TO AVOID:
-drinking 8 glasses of water per day and
avoid eating salty foods.

13. • Permanent loss of kidney function
CAUSES:
- Diabetes, hypertension, and
atherosclerosis
- Overexposure to some toxins and
medications
SYMPTOMS: swelling, weakness, fatigue,
feeling cold, shortness of breath,
changes in urination, itchy dry skin, sore
legs, loss of taste and vomiting.
TREATMENT:
- Hemodialysis  blood from a
person’s body is filtered to remove
wastes and toxins using kidney
dialysis machine.
- Kidney transplant  surgeon
replaces a damaged kidney with a
close-math kidney from a donor.

14. Proper Care for the Excretory System
1. Drink several glasses of water daily. Adequate water in the body make the
urine clear which is also an indication that the kidneys and urinary tract are
functioning well.
2. Wear clean underwear everyday to prevent infection in the urinary tract. The
bacteria may develop and grow fast in unclean underwear may enter and
infect the genitals.
3. Have a regular bowel movement and discharge urine in clean restrooms only.