environmental study on indias composite climate and passive design strategies for more sustainable development designs

1. COMPOSITE CLIMATE
CASE STUDY

2. INTRODUCTION
Haryana, Punjab,bihar, jharkhand, chattisgarh
• Composite climate has weather conditions
outside of normal conditions for at least half a
year
• Composite climate displays the characteristics
of hot and dry ,warm and humid and cold
climate

3. ● Composite or monsoon climate is neither
consistently hot and dry nor warm and humid.
Their characteristics change from season to
season, alternating between long, hot and dry
periods to shorter periods of rainfall and high
humidity.
NATURE OF CLIMATE

4. Generally,
In summer:
Daytime temperature is 32-45degree Celsius.
 Night time 27-32 degree Celsius.
In winter:
 Day time temperature is 10-25degree Celsius.
 Night time4 - 10 degree Celsius.
Receives strong monsoon winds from South-east & north-east.

5. ORIENTATION OF BUILDINGS
In composite climate the orientation of the buildings is
preferable in the north –east & south-west direction .
This helps in receiving less radiation which results in
Lesser heat gain &reduces the overall air conditioning
requirement & thus saves energy , proper orientation
Also helps in receiving natural light and ventilation .

7. FORM AND PLANNING
form and planning open spaces such as courtyard are beneficial
Building should be grounded in such a way that it should take
advantage of prevailing breeze during the short period when
air movement is necessary.
A moderately dense low rise is also suitable for this climate
which will ensure protection of outdoor spaces.
Mutual sharing of external walls, shelter from the wind in the
cold season shelter from dust and reduction of surface exposed
to the solar radiation

9. ROOFS AND WALLS
• External walls should be constructed of solid masonry or
concrete to have a 9-12 hours time lag in heat
transmission.
• Resistance insulation should be placed at the outside
surfaces of external walls on roofs.
• Insulation on the inside would only reduce the beneficial
effects of high thermal capacity of walls and roofs.
• The roof pond building type, the passive collector
Storage mass has been relocated from the Floor & wall
of building into the roof For radiant heat distribution to
the occupied Space

11. OPENINGS
Passive strategy used in opening of composite region
houses are
1)DOORS – place plants, shrubs or trees near to the
doors because plantation is the natural process of
releasing moisture.

12. 2) WINDOWS- in summer we prefer to keep window
open for good air circulation for that
shading devices are used.

13. EXTERNAL SPACES
Passive strategy used in external space are
1) COURTYARD- should be in centre which enhance
cooling and provides pocket space which rises in
hot air and cool air is trapped in the bottom.

14. 2) WATER BODIES- greenery & waterbodies contribute
temperature to cool down. Water lilly pond
p provides heat in the outdoor area to cool.

15. VENTILATION
Passive strategies used for ventilation are
1) EXTENDED ROOF-if we open windows the sunlight
will not disturb because of extend
roof and the house will be full of
natural ventilation.

16. 2)FREE-FLOWING SPACE-
promotes for proper natural ventilation and air
circulation

17. The position and direction of above spaces
should be in such a way that there is
maximum air breeze and no harsh sun and
proper ventilation.

18. BUILDING MATERIALS
◦ The general building materials: Bricks and
stone Mansory Concrete slab, stone wall of
thickness 400-500mm.
◦ Use of eco-friendly materials: eco-friendly
materials are described as: A product that
has been designed to least possible damage
to the environment
◦ Why eco-friendly materials:
1.Phenomenal growth in the construction
industry that depends upon depletable
resources.
2.Production of building materials leads to
irreversible environmental impacts.
3.Using eco-friendly materials is the best way
to build an eco-friendly building.

19. TRADITIONALDWELLINGINPUNJAB
◦A traditional Punjabi Kothi or haveli is
a house built with a blend of Punjabi
vernacular and colonial design
elements.
◦There is central courtyard around
which all the rooms were built.
◦This courtyard acted as the common
living area or the baithak and would
be the center of family gatherings.
◦It also traps air duringsummers
making sure that the indoors
are cool.

21. Solar Energy Centre Gurgaon
 Architecture: Manjunath Hathwar
 Opened:1991
 THE COMPLEX IS LOCATED IN GURGAON ABOUT 35 KMS south of
delhi that lies in composite climate zone . The buildings in this
complex has been divided into three groups
 The technical and administration block
 Workshop building and electrical substation etc
 The guest house

23. PRESENTATION BY:
Hanisha shetty
Sayali Shinde
Atharva Thorat
Kushal Sonawane
Om Tare
The 1st year 2022 ‘C’