Before 1750, transportation was limited and relied primarily on animals and basic vehicles. The wheel and domestication of horses in 2000 BC led to basic carriages. In 1662, Blaise Pascal invented the first public bus system in France. In 1740, Jacques de Vaucansson demonstrated an early steam-powered vehicle. For most people, travel was rare due to high costs, with the wealthy using basic carriages pulled by horses while poorer people walked or used carriages pulled by bullocks. Shipping and trade also began in this era, primarily used by merchants for exporting goods between continents via routes like the Triangular Trade. The early developments of the steam engine in the late 1600s and 1700s by

1. BEFORE THE YEAR 1750
History of Transportation
06/08/17Prem Kumar Soni
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2. - 1662: BLAISE PASCAL
INVENTS THE FIRST
PUBLIC BUS - HORSE-
DRAWN, REGULAR
ROUTE,
SCHEDULE, AND FARE
SYSTEM
- 1740 JACQUES DE
VAUCANSON
DEMONSTRATES HIS
CLOCKWORK POWERED
CARRIAGE
How it all began…
- 3500 years before christ (BC):
The invention of the wheel
- 2000: BC Horses are domesticated
and used for transportation
- 181-234: The wheelbarrow is invented
- 770: Iron horseshoes improve
transportation by horse
06/08/17Prem Kumar Soni
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3. Who used which transport?
Imagine of the first
wind-driven car
Rich people Poor people
Carriage with horses Carriage with bullock
Comfotable carriage with good
seats
Uncomfortable carriaga with
hard seats and bad equipment
Could used new inventions Often walk
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4. How did people go to work?
 often lived in the near of the work
 walk to work
very rich people get with the carriage to work
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5. How did they travel?
Not everybody could afford to travel
they travel with carriages,
with very bad comfort
 carriages had no
suspension
need much time, because of slowly transport
 very bad traffic-routes
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6. How often and why did they travel?
they travel rare, because of the high costs
They don´t travel for fun, but to search a job
some worked for a time for people with carriages, to
travel with them
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7. Shipping and Trade
One of the most important
means of transport in 1750
was shipping
In 1750 shipping were
mostly used for trading,
merchants were able to
export goods to other
continents.
The ships in 1750 were not
constructed to take people
and people couldn´t afford it
to go by ship, so the seaways
were mainly used by
merchants 06/08/17 Prem Kumar Soni 7

8. Shipping and Trade
People could get goods from
far away countries and a
bigger spectrum of
commodities were buyable
Sugar, tea and many other
luxery goods were available
now
Material prosperity were
established in big parts of
the population
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9. Shipping and Trade
 An important way to trade was the
„triangula trade“
 Triangula trade ment the trade between
three trade partners, in this example Africa,
America and Europe.
 Manufactual goods from Europe were
exported to Africa
 From Africa slaves were brought to the
Caribbean (and from there to Nothern
America)
 In the Caribbean merchants got for example
sugar and rum for european consumers
 Every trade partner took advantage of the
trade because every trader got goods which
were not available on the local market
 In this time slaves were goods for western
merchants, they used to do jobs which the
local population didn´t like to do
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10. The Steam Engine
Thomas Savery (1650-1715)
English inventor& engineer
had to solve a problem:
When the miners digged very deep into the ground the
ground water flowed into the mine.
06/08/17Prem Kumar Soni
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11. The first Steam Engine
Savery invented a machine
which raises water by the
help of the power of steam:
A fire boil water
The steam spread and
blows into the bowl where
the water is.
The water goes upwards.
The valve closes.
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12. Miner‘s friend
The steam condenses and creates a vacuum.
This vacuum sucks new water on which is pumped
out of the coal mine like explained before.
Savery called his invention Miner‘s Friend and
patented it 1698 for the next 14 years.
06/08/17Prem Kumar Soni
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13. Improvement of the Steam Engine
The problem of Savery‘ s machine was that it
only could transport water 12 metres high
becaus the pressure of the steam is limited.
Thomas Newcomen (1663-1729) improved
the steam engine.
06/08/17Prem Kumar Soni
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14. Newcomen Steam Engine
This engine could transport water higher because it
uses the power of atmospheric pressure and is so not
limited.
1712 Newcomen and John Calley built the first steam
engine to pump water out of a water-filled coal mine.
This was a very interesting and useful invention for
this time.
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15. Newcomen Steam engine
Blue: water
Pink: steam
Green: valve open
Red: valve closed
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16. …FOR THE HISTORY OF TRANSPORTATION?
You might ask yourself:
What is the use of the steam
engine…
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17. Connection of the steam engine & the
history of transportation
Later inventors used the
steam engine to develop
the steam- diesel- engine
which was used to
power a locomotive
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18. Thanks
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