The document summarizes the evolution and life cycle of cars from their invention to modern times. It describes key developments in early steam-powered vehicles in the late 18th century, followed by gasoline-powered cars in the late 19th century pioneered by Karl Benz. Henry Ford later revolutionized car production with the assembly line in the early 20th century. The document then outlines the various stages in a car's life cycle from raw material extraction and assembly to consumer use, repair, and eventual recycling of parts at the end of its life.

1. By: SusmitSukthankar& Thomas HickeyEvolution and Life Cycle of the Car

2. What is an Automobile?An automobile is a wheeled vehicle that carries its own motor and transports passengers.Parts of modern cars:All these parts are important for the car to run properly.Spark PlugBatteryStarter MotorFiring DistributerPlug CableIgnition Coil

3. History1885Karl Benz creates worlds first practical automobile.

4. History17961832-1839Cugnot’s invention was a military tractor run by a steam engine.It was used by the French Army to haul artillery at a whopping speed of 2 1/2 mph on only three wheels.Had to stop every 10-15 min. to work up enough power to move. Robert Anderson’s electric cars used rechargeable batteries that powered a small electric motor.The vehicles were heavy, slow, expensive, and needed to stop for recharging frequently.Not a very effective form of transportation.

5. History18761885 Nicolaus Otto built the first practical four-stroke internal combustion engine called the "Otto Cycle Engine”.His four-stoke engine that was universally adopted for all liquid-fueled automobiles.Effective and EfficientKarl Benz was a German mechanical engineer.His automobile was powered by the internal combustion engine. He was the first inventor to integrate an internal combustion engine with a chassis.

6. History1913-19141960-1970Henry Ford invented an improved assembly line and installed the first conveyor belt-based assembly line.The assembly line reduced production costs for cars by reducing assembly time.Ford became the world’s biggest car manufacturer Hybrid vehicles were created to reduce the problems of exhaust emissions from internal combustion engines. Hybrid vehicles become more mainstream.Used by companies in transportation to reduce spending.

7. History1990-Several legislative and regulatory actions in the United States and worldwide have renewed electric vehicle development efforts. The “Big Three” are actively involved in electric vehicle development through the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV).Many actions have been taking to reduce the carbon footprint of automobiles.

8. The Car Through the Ages

9. TodayCars have become an integral part of our lives today. We cannot live without them, but this comes at a price.Our environment is continually being affected adversely by CO2 emissions.How long can this last?

10. The Life Cycle1. Raw materials are gathered.2. Car is built in the assembly line.3. Completed Car is taken to car dealerships.4. Consumer buys ,uses, and may repair the car.5. Car is stripped of parts and scrapped

11. Raw MaterialsGlass, steel, rubber, plastic, copper, lithium, silicon and aluminum are processed and used to construct the car.Rubber is stripped from previous tires and reused.Other reusable parts are broken down and reused in a new car.

12. Assembly Line Cars are moved through different stations in a line. Parts are added individually onto the car.Faster way to meet consumer’s needs through quick and efficient building.Automated machines now help in speeding along production on the assembly line.

13. To the DealershipManufacturers ship out cars to privately owned car dealerships.Dealerships sell the vehicle for the manufacturer and share the profits with them.Some dealerships allow buyers to trade in cars which continue onto other consumers or are scrapped.

14. Consumer Use & RepairConsumer uses the car for as long he/she sees it fit to drive.Based on mileage, consumers may trade in a car for a newer one. The average car’s life is around 7.6 years.To increase the life of a car, the consumer might get parts repaired.After the consumer no longer needs the vehicle, it is sold or scrapped.

15. End of the LineParts recycled will include the alloy wheels, rubber, plastics and metals. These parts/materials will be sold on to companies that can reclaim the materials for further use. The waste of the car is removed and all other metal is melted down to be removed.

16. SourcesBellis, M. (2005, April 10). The History of the automobile. Retrieved from http://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aacarssteama.htm Abdullah, A. (2007, September 17). Know the basic car components. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles.com/?Know-the-Basic-Car-Components&id=1810281Bottorff, W.W. (2003, January 31). The First car- a history of the automobile. Retrieved from http://www.ausbcomp.com/~bbott/cars/carhist.htmAutomobile history- invention of the automobile. (2005, March 8). Retrieved from http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/automobile.htmFarrelly, L. (2009, September 21). How Do assembly lines put together car bodies?. Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5438168_do-put-together-car-bodies.html Ryan, V. (2007). The Life cycle of a product. Retrieved from http://www.technologystudent.com/prddes1/lifecy1.html Production of high quality secondary raw materials. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/bioenergy/doc/tyre_recycling/017bm_215_1992.pdf How the Automobile is made. (2007). Retrieved from http://www.madehow.com/Volume-1/Automobile.html

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