The document summarizes the evolution and life cycle of cars from their invention to modern times. It describes key developments in early steam-powered vehicles in the late 18th century, followed by gasoline-powered cars in the late 19th century pioneered by Karl Benz. Henry Ford later revolutionized car production with the assembly line in the early 20th century. The document then outlines the various stages in a car's life cycle from raw material extraction and assembly to consumer use, repair, and eventual recycling of parts at the end of its life.
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This presentation is brought to you by Revol Carz Makeover - Best Car Grooming And Paint Protection in Singapore.
Just take a look to our website at http://revol.com.sg for more information.
This is the history of one of man's greatest inventions.... The Car! This slideshow discusses the major accomplishments in chronological order since the very beginning of the automobile.
general classification of cars based on the body styling and features is described in this presentation. This compilation from the internet source(wheelzine.com) may be useful to the students of Automobile Engineering.
It is the most common question that arises when you are in the market looking for a new car but not sure what kind of car suits your personality, budget and practicality wise. To help you through this confusion and aid you in making a choice we've compiled a brief description of the most popular vehicle types such as Small City Car, Hatchback, Coupe, Convertible/Cabriolet, Sedan/Saloon, SUV, MPV, Estate and Crossovers.
This is the history of one of man's greatest inventions.... The Car! This slideshow discusses the major accomplishments in chronological order since the very beginning of the automobile.
general classification of cars based on the body styling and features is described in this presentation. This compilation from the internet source(wheelzine.com) may be useful to the students of Automobile Engineering.
It is the most common question that arises when you are in the market looking for a new car but not sure what kind of car suits your personality, budget and practicality wise. To help you through this confusion and aid you in making a choice we've compiled a brief description of the most popular vehicle types such as Small City Car, Hatchback, Coupe, Convertible/Cabriolet, Sedan/Saloon, SUV, MPV, Estate and Crossovers.
TITAN- The manufacturers of worlds slimmest wrist watch.
Established in the year 1984 and now is the world's fifth largest manufacturers of wrist watches and exports to 32 countries around the world and accounts for 60% share of of total Indian market.titan watches offers a range of brands including Steel, Regalia, Raga, Nebula, Sonata, Fastrack, Zoop, Orion, Purple, Obaku, Automatic, Tycoon, Bandhan, Octane, the HTSE series and now claims to have manufactured world's slimmest watch.
COMPARATIVESTUDYBETWENTHERMAL ENGINE PROPULSION AND HYBRID PROPULSIONAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:The academic paper describes in a concrete and elegant way a comparative study of two existing
propulsion systems on cars. The authors have developed the concepts and technical aspects of the SWOT
analysis, which highlights the qualities and shortcomings of the classic propulsion system with a thermal engine
compared with a hybrid propulsion system. In this way, interested parties can learn about the advantages of
hybrid propulsion systems installed in today's cars, which are defined by the electric motor/ motors installed in
their propulsion systems. Finally, conclusions are presented in the field covered.
KEYWORDS :car, thermal engine propulsion, hybrid engine propulsion, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities,
threats.
We have been seen or study the global warming changes rapidly by newspaper, media as well as govt. sources.
These environment changes through different modes such as volcanic eruption, landslides, nuclear war,
industries, and automotive engines exhaust etc. These are the main aspect for climate changes and inviting acid
rain. The automotive engines exhaust and its effect on atmosphere are the main responsible for the global
warming changes. The automotive engine such as I.C engine either that was diesel or petrol engine basically
these engine unburned exhaust gases should be polluted environment which was produce hydrocarbon carbon
monoxide as well as nitrous oxide particulate matter due to exhaust leakage, flamequinching, spark miss fire, or
mixed lubricant should be used.due to this reasons effect on atmosphere should be increased rapidly that
should destroyed the ozone layer and also effect on human health such as lung cancer, heart attack , skin
diseases and many more. The main reason for this research how to control automotive engine exhaust and its
effect on atmosphere .Basically many changes should be performed before that.
Over the past few years, India’s cities have been witnessing an increasing trend in road traffics. It is mainly because of the increase in motorization on the roads of Indian cities. This results into the issues like deteriorating the air quality and noise pollution. To get out of this gridlock there have been calls to promote public transport. It is in this context that electric vehicles can play a positive role, as there are several benefits associated with the shift from conventional petrol or diesel vehicles to electric vehicles. In spite of many positive benefits related to electric vehicle technology, certain challenges are also there like currently Electric Vehicle is associated with significant capital costs, certain safety parameters like a concern of a fire hazard. The use of solar energy converted in to electrical energy can be more environmental friendly. Using solar energy as an electrical energy to charge the vehicle batteries will reduce the cost on fuel.
2. What is an Automobile? An automobile is a wheeled vehicle that carries its own motor and transports passengers. Parts of modern cars: All these parts are important for the car to run properly. Spark Plug Battery Starter Motor Firing Distributer Plug Cable Ignition Coil
4. History 1796 1832-1839 Cugnot’s invention was a military tractor run by a steam engine. It was used by the French Army to haul artillery at a whopping speed of 2 1/2 mph on only three wheels. Had to stop every 10-15 min. to work up enough power to move. Robert Anderson’s electric cars used rechargeable batteries that powered a small electric motor. The vehicles were heavy, slow, expensive, and needed to stop for recharging frequently. Not a very effective form of transportation.
5. History 1876 1885 Nicolaus Otto built the first practical four-stroke internal combustion engine called the "Otto Cycle Engine”. His four-stoke engine that was universally adopted for all liquid-fueled automobiles. Effective and Efficient Karl Benz was a German mechanical engineer. His automobile was powered by the internal combustion engine. He was the first inventor to integrate an internal combustion engine with a chassis.
6. History 1913-1914 1960-1970 Henry Ford invented an improved assembly line and installed the first conveyor belt-based assembly line. The assembly line reduced production costs for cars by reducing assembly time. Ford became the world’s biggest car manufacturer Hybrid vehicles were created to reduce the problems of exhaust emissions from internal combustion engines. Hybrid vehicles become more mainstream. Used by companies in transportation to reduce spending.
7. History 1990- Several legislative and regulatory actions in the United States and worldwide have renewed electric vehicle development efforts. The “Big Three” are actively involved in electric vehicle development through the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV). Many actions have been taking to reduce the carbon footprint of automobiles.
9. Today Cars have become an integral part of our lives today. We cannot live without them, but this comes at a price. Our environment is continually being affected adversely by CO2 emissions. How long can this last?
10. The Life Cycle 1. Raw materials are gathered. 2. Car is built in the assembly line. 3. Completed Car is taken to car dealerships. 4. Consumer buys ,uses, and may repair the car. 5. Car is stripped of parts and scrapped
11. Raw Materials Glass, steel, rubber, plastic, copper, lithium, silicon and aluminum are processed and used to construct the car. Rubber is stripped from previous tires and reused. Other reusable parts are broken down and reused in a new car.
12. Assembly Line Cars are moved through different stations in a line. Parts are added individually onto the car. Faster way to meet consumer’s needs through quick and efficient building. Automated machines now help in speeding along production on the assembly line.
13. To the Dealership Manufacturers ship out cars to privately owned car dealerships. Dealerships sell the vehicle for the manufacturer and share the profits with them. Some dealerships allow buyers to trade in cars which continue onto other consumers or are scrapped.
14. Consumer Use & Repair Consumer uses the car for as long he/she sees it fit to drive. Based on mileage, consumers may trade in a car for a newer one. The average car’s life is around 7.6 years. To increase the life of a car, the consumer might get parts repaired. After the consumer no longer needs the vehicle, it is sold or scrapped.
15. End of the Line Parts recycled will include the alloy wheels, rubber, plastics and metals. These parts/materials will be sold on to companies that can reclaim the materials for further use. The waste of the car is removed and all other metal is melted down to be removed.
16. Sources Bellis, M. (2005, April 10). The History of the automobile. Retrieved from http://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aacarssteama.htm Abdullah, A. (2007, September 17). Know the basic car components. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles.com/?Know-the-Basic-Car-Components&id=1810281 Bottorff, W.W. (2003, January 31). The First car- a history of the automobile. Retrieved from http://www.ausbcomp.com/~bbott/cars/carhist.htm Automobile history- invention of the automobile. (2005, March 8). Retrieved from http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/automobile.htm Farrelly, L. (2009, September 21). How Do assembly lines put together car bodies?. Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5438168_do-put-together-car-bodies.html Ryan, V. (2007). The Life cycle of a product. Retrieved from http://www.technologystudent.com/prddes1/lifecy1.html Production of high quality secondary raw materials. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/bioenergy/doc/tyre_recycling/017bm_215_1992.pdf How the Automobile is made. (2007). Retrieved from http://www.madehow.com/Volume-1/Automobile.html