The internal combustion engine evolved over centuries from early designs in the 17th century to widespread adoption in the late 19th century. Key developments included Lenoir producing the first engine to run on gas in 1859, Otto designing the first true internal combustion engine in 1862 that sparked industry support, Daimler inventing the first gas-powered vehicle in 1885, and Diesel receiving a patent for his compression ignition diesel engine in 1893, cementing different engine technologies that are still used today.

1. Evolution of 1st
combustion engine
Diego Vallejo

2. History of the internal combustion
engine
• Although various forms of internal combustion
engines were developed before the 19th
century, their use was hindered until the
commercial drilling and production of
petroleum began in the mid-1850s. By the late
19th century, engineering advances led to
their widespread adoption in a variety of
applications.

3. Timeline of development
• 17th century: Christiaan Huygens designs a gunpowder engine to drive water
pumps, to supply 3000 cubic meters of water/day for the Versailles palace
gardens, essentially creating the first idea of a rudimentary internal combustion
piston engine.
• 1807 :Francois Isaac de Rivaz of Switzerland invented an internal combustion
engine that used a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen for fuel. Rivaz designed a car
for his engine - the first internal combustion powered automobile.
• 1824: French physicist Sadi Carnot established the thermodynamic theory of
idealized heat engines. This scientifically established the need for compression to
increase the difference between the upper and lower working temperatures.
• 1858 :Belgian engineer, Jean JosephÉtienne Lenoir invented and patented a
double-acting, electric spark-ignition internal combustion engine fueled by coal
gas. In 1863, Lenoir attached an improved engine (using petroleum and a primitive
carburetor) to a three-wheeled wagon that managed to complete an historic fifty-
mile road trip.
• 1854-57: Eugenio Barsanti & Felice Matteucci invented an engine that was possibly
the first 4-cycle engine, but the patent was lost
• 1860: Belgian Jean Joseph Etienne Lenoir produced a gas-fired internal
combustion engine similar in appearance to a horizontal double-acting steam
engine, with cylinders, pistons, connecting rods, and flywheel in which the gas
essentially took the place of the steam. This was the first internal combustion
engine to be produced in numbers.

4. • 1862:Nikolaus Otto was the first to build and sell the engine. He designed
an indirect-acting free-piston compressionless engine whose greater
efficiency won the support of Eugen Langen and then most of the
market, which at that time was mostly for small stationary engines fueled
by lighting gas.
• 1870:In Vienna, Siegfried Marcus put the first mobile gasoline engine on a
handcart.
• 1873 :George Brayton, an American engineer, developed an unsuccessful
two-stroke kerosene engine (it used two external pumping cylinders).
However, it was considered the first safe and practical oil engine.
• 1876: Nikolaus Otto, working with Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm
Maybach, started the genesis of the four-cycle engine. The German
courts, however, did not hold his patent to cover all in-cylinder
compression engines or even the four-stroke cycle, and after this
decision, in-cylinder compression became universal.
• 1884:British engineer Edward Butler constructed the first petrol (gasoline)
internal combustion engine. Butler invented the spark plug, magneto, coil
ignition and spray jet carburetor, and was the first to use the word petrol.
• 1885 :Gottlieb Daimler invented what is often recognized as the prototype
of the modern gas engine with a vertical cylinder, and with gasoline
injected through a carburetor (patented in 1887). Daimler first built a two-
wheeled vehicle the "Reitwagen" (Riding Carriage) with this engine and a
year later built the world's first four-wheeled motor vehicle.
• 1886 :On January 29, Karl Benz received the first patent for a gas-fueled
car.
• 1890 :Wilhelm Maybach built the first four-cylinder, four-stroke engine.

5. DIESEL ENGINE.
• 1892: Dr. Rudolf Diesel developed his Carnot
heat engine type motor
• 1893 February 23: Rudolf Diesel received a
patent for his compression ignition (diesel)
engine.
• 1900: Rudolf Diesel demonstrated the diesel
engine in the 1900 Exposition Universelle
(World's Fair) using peanut oil fuel

6. Engine design , and car design were integral
activities, almost all of the engine designers
mentioned above also designed cars, and a
few went on to become major manufacturers
of automobiles. All of these inventors and
more made notable improvements in the
evolution of the internal combustion vehicles.