The document summarizes the evolution of cars from early designs in the 1300s to modern times. It describes key developments like the first internal combustion engine in the 1800s, the first vehicle to move under its own power in 1769, early experiments with fuels like gunpowder and coal gas, and innovations like the gasoline engine, hybrid vehicles, fuel injection, catalytic converters, and fuel cells. It traces the transition from steam and gas power to gasoline and highlights early pioneers and models like the Model T that helped popularize automobiles.

1. Evolution of CARS

3. Starting To Think
• Several Italians recorded designs for wind
driven vehicles
– The first was Guido da Vigevano in 1335.
– But sadly it was never built.

4. First Engine
• In the 18th century a one of a kind technology
was developed, which is being still used, i.e.
engine with cylinders and pistons.
• But it took more than five decades to make
this new technology efficient enough to make
a vehicle move on its own.
• The cars being made in England in the 19th
were more like trains not moving on rails.

5. First Successful Attempt
• The first vehicle to own under its own power
whose record is there was designed by Nicholas
Joseph Cugnot constructed by M. Brezin in 1769.
• It had a open boiler piped to the cylinder.
• A replica of which is on display at Conservatoire
des Arts et Metiers, in Paris.
• Its purpose was to haul canons around the town
• And its top speed was 2 mph, as fast as anyone
would want to go on the cobbled streets of Paris.

6. Change In Fuel To Suit New
Mechanism
• After the open boilers there was need for
internal combustion engines.
• But this had to wait until suitable fuel was
available.
• Gunpowder was tried but didn’t work out.
• Coal gas was used after the failure of
gunpowder.

7. Coal Gas Cars
• A French named Etienne Lenior patented the
first practical gas engine in 1862.
• It had a one-half horsepower engine, a bore of
5 inch, 24 inch stroke.
• It was big and heavy and turned 100 rpm.
• Lenoir died broke in 1900.
• Lenoir was claimed to be running on benzene.
– If so then it was the first to run on petroleum
based fuel.

8. Change in mechanism
• Lenoir had a separate mechanism to compress
the gas before combustion.
• In 1862, Alphonse Bear de Rochas figured how to
compress the gas in the same cylinders in which it
we to burn, which we still use.
• This process of bringing the gas into cylinder,
compressing it, combusting the compressed
mixture, then exhausting is known as Otto Cycle
or four cycle engine.
– Dailmer and Benz got the patent by claiming it from
de Rochas

9. THE VERY FIRST DRIVE
• In January 1888, Bertha Benz, in an effort to
popularise her husband's invention, took the very
first public drive in an automobile, in one of the
Newly Constructed Patent Motorwagen
automobiles-from Mannheim to Pforzheim, with
her sons Richard and Eugen.
• She helped make the car popular. Many people at
this time were afraid of using cars. Her pressure
helped sway public opinion of the time.

10. The First Hybrid
• After steam and fuel using cars, Ferdinand
Porsche in 1901 developed a hybrid car.
• Lohner-Porsche Mixte Hybrid, the first
gasoline and electric hybrid automobile.
• But since gasoline was cheaper at that time, it
was not much famous.
• Toyota released Toyota Prius in Japan in 1997,
and it was greeted gladly because of
worldwide increase in prices of petroleum .

11. • In 1908, Henry Ford produced the model T.
• It had a 20 HP, four cylinder.
• Top speed of 45 mph.
• Weighed about 544 kg.

12. First fuel injection car
• The first direct fuel injectioncars hit the
market in 1951.
• The Gutbrod Superior and Goliath GP 700 E

13. Catalytic Converters
• In January 1956, Eugene Houdry invents the
oxidation catalyst as a solution to the smog in
Los Angeles at the time. Houdry was worried
about the impact of car emissions on air
pollution and founded a special company, the
Oxy-Catalyst Company, which was to develop
catalytic converters for gasoline engines. This
idea was far ahead of its time.

14. FIRST TIME A CAR HITS 1000KMPH
• As man seeks to go faster and faster on land,
the rocket car "Blue Flame" tops 1000 km/h in
Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah, USA.

15. Change In Fuel Due To Destruction
• Forest destruction prompts unleaded petrol
introduction
• Reacting to the destruction of forests, the
German federal government decided to force
the introduction of unleaded petrol engines in
new cars.

16. The First Fuel Cell Sedans
• The first prototype was built by Honda in
1999.But they haven’t started the mass
production yet.
• The latest fuel cell which is set to hit the
market has been made by Toyota.
– It is a hybrid.

17. Info and Image Courtesy
• www.ausbcomp.com
• www.tiki-toki.com
• en.wikipedia.org