This document summarizes major artistic movements and events in Europe and America between 1945-1970. It describes how abstract expressionism emerged in the postwar period as a rejection of objective representation. Figures like Pollock and de Kooning embraced gestural abstraction and an emphasis on the act of painting. In the 1960s, pop art arose as a commentary on consumer culture and mass media, as seen in the works of Warhol and Lichtenstein. Minimalism rejected expressionism in favor of pure abstraction using the inherent qualities of materials. Superrealism aimed for photorealistic depiction of everyday subjects and scenes.