The document discusses ethical hacking and provides information on: 1) What ethical hacking is and who ethical hackers are. It notes they help find security vulnerabilities without malicious intent. 2) A brief history of hacking from the 1960s to 2000s, including some notable hacking incidents. 3) The different types of hackers - white hat who help security, black hat who hack maliciously, and grey hat whose intentions are unclear.

1. Isas project

2. Ethical Hacking Megha shah Merlyn Pooja Singh

3. AGENDA What is Ethical Hacking? Who are ethical hackers? History of hacking Types of hackers Ways to hack a system Preventing hacking Skills of an ethical hacker

4. Ethical Hacking Hacking refers to the re-configuring or re-programming of a system to function in ways not facilitated by the owner, adminstrator,or designer. The greatest risk I.T. faces is security. Hacking refers practice of breaking into systems.

5. Who is hacker? . Hackers  intelligent computer professionals learned and acquired knowledge of advanced operating techniques. Try to gain knowledge in depth of systems /networks. Hackers do not always intend to damage data. They may share their knowledge with others.

6. History of hacking The term “hack” was first used by US university staff in mid-1960s . When eBay was first attacked in February 2000 its server was bombarded with fake request for web pages & overloaded the site. A group of teenagers once hacked into AOL and stole credit cards to buy video games. In 1986, after many more break-ins congress passed “computer fraud and abuse act”.

7. History of hacking In 1989,german hackers arrested for breaking into US computer ; sold the information to Soviet KGB. In 1998, teenager hacks into bell Atlantic phone system; disabled communication at airports disables runway lights. In 2000, viruses named “I OVE YOU” & “LOVE BUG” damaged roughly up to 10 billions of computers.

8. Types of hackers Depending on the nature & activities hackers are categorized into different groups : White hat : use their skills & knowledge for good purpose .Help in finding new security vulnerabilities and applications. Black hat : engage in their activities with bad intention and perform illegal activities such as defacing websites and destroying data. Grey hat : do not categorize their work as good or bad.

9. Ways To Hack a System VIRUSES & WORMS - they are self-replicating programs or codes fragments. They attach themselves to other programs (viruses) or machines (worms). They shut networks by flooding them. ROUGE ACCESS POINT- they are unsecured wireless access point that outsiders can easily breech. Are most often connected by well-meaning but ignorant employees.

10. Ways To Hack a System BACK DOORS- they are loop holes in any system. With the aid of computerized searchers (bots) , hackers can probably find any weakness in network. TROJAN HORSES- they enter system by attaching themselves to other programs When Trojans are activated , this hacked software kicks off viruses in the system.

11. Ways To Hack a System Denial Of Services- this attacks gives hackers a way to bring down the network without internal access. It floods the access router with bogus traffic (i.e. e-mail or TCP ,packets). Phreaks- they use computer to break into telecommunications network. Script kiddies- they have inadequate technical information & use available information to break into system.

12. Preventing Hacking Anti-virus: the most popular method of protection among personal computers. Mc Afee.com Corp.- provides antivirus software that scans hard drive’s for infected files. Norton Internet Security- Norton anti virus 2008 secures system from Trojans. Firewalls: used for computer networks & users using continuous online connections.

13. Preventing Hacking Other software options- other options are used to protect larger networks systems. IDS- Intrusion Detection System is considered one of best protection method Content Filtering Software- advanced antivirus software that reads compressed files .Allows IT mangers get filtering to block threatening e-mail. Sand Boxing- helps to read malicious codes.

14. Skills of an ethical hacker Routers- knowledge of routers, routing protocols and access control lists. Microsoft- skills in operation , configuration and management. Linux- knowledge of Linux/Unix; security setting, configuration, and services. Firewalls- configuration, & operation of intrusion detection systems.

15. Skills of an ethical hacker Network protocols- TCP/IP ; how they function and can be manipulated. Project management- knowledge of leading, planning, organizing, and controlling a penetration tests systems.