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Ethical hacking
Ethical hacking involves performing penetration testing to locate security weaknesses and implement countermeasures in order to secure IT systems. There are three main types of hackers: white hat hackers who perform ethical hacking, black hat hackers who hack illegally for malicious purposes, and grey hat hackers who sometimes act legally and sometimes not. The steps a hacker may perform include reconnaissance, scanning, gaining access, maintaining access, and covering their tracks. IP addresses are classified into ranges and tracing IP addresses can help identify locations. Security measures like confidentiality, integrity, availability, and proper access controls can help protect against hacking threats.
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Ethical hacking
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- 2. Contents • Introduction tohacking • Types of hackers • Classification of hackers • Steps performed by a hacker • IP address ranges • Tracing of IP address • Email Protocol • Proxy Servers • Security • Conclusion
- 3. Introduction to Hacking Hacking:An art as well as a skill depending on a person’s knowledge and skill. Hacking Positive Negative Ethical Hacking: Penetration testing focusing on securing and protecting IT systems.
- 4. Types of Hackers • White Hat Hacker • Black Hat Hacker • Grey Hat Hacker
- 5. White Hat Hacker •Perform Ethical Hacking • Have knowledge of hacking and hacker toolset • Locate security weaknesses and implement countermeasures • Also known as Penetration Tester • Focus on securing and protecting IT systems
- 6. Black Hat Hacker •Perform unethical hacking • Are criminal hackers or crackers • Use their skills for illegal or malicious purposes • Focus on Security Cracking and Data Stealing
- 7. Grey Hat Hacker •Sometimes acts legally and sometimes not • Do not hack for personal gain • Do not have malicious intentions • May occasionally commit crimes • Are hybrid between White Hat and Black Hat Hackers
- 8. Classification of hackers • Have ability to find unique vulnerability Coders • Have deep understanding of OSI Layer Model and TCP/IP Stacks • Have experience with os Admin • Exploit existing vulnerabilities Script • Use scripts and programs developed by others Kiddies • Can cause serious problems
- 9. Steps Performed bya Hacker Reconnais sance Clearing Scanning tracks Maintaining Gaining access access
- 10. Reconnaissance • Google • Samspade •Email tracker and visual route Scanning • War dialing and pingers • Port scanning • Enumeration
- 11. Password Cracking • DictionaryCracking • Brute Force Cracking • Hybrid Cracking • Social Engineering • Metasploit • Man in the middle attack
- 12. Maintaining access •Key strokeloggers •Trojan horses •Backdoors •Wrappers
- 13. IP ADDRESS RANGES classes ranges Class-a 0000.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 Class-b 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255 Class-c 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255 Class-d 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 Class-e 240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255
- 14. TRACING OF IPADDRESS Click on email msg. Show original Copy the header from written path. Open www. What is my ip address.com Click on Trace email Paste it to the header section Click on getsoures. get IP address and location .
- 15. SECURITY THREATS • Denial of service • Interception • Manipulation • Masquerading • Repudiation
- 16. Proxy Server • Intermediary between a workstation user and the internet • Hackers use the proxy server on the internet to make their identity invisible to the target. LAN PC 2nd PC Internet Proxy Server Router/Switch Wireless connection
- 17. Types of proxies: Proxy Transparent Anonymous Elite Simple Distorting
- 18. SECURITY • Confidentiality • Integrity • Availability • Use antivirus. • Proper logout after use of email id. • Don’t open spam. • Password protected admin account.
- 19. CONCLUSION • “To catcha thief think like a thief similarly To catch a hacker think like a hacker”.