This document discusses ethical considerations in research. It defines ethics as rules that guide moral behavior and research principles. Ethics in research provides rules for appropriate and inappropriate research conduct and application of findings. The document outlines three main components of ethics in research: truthfulness, courtesy, and respect for human rights. It provides examples of each component, such as obtaining permission before collecting data, avoiding fraud/misconduct, and protecting participants' confidentiality, dignity, and right to withdraw. The overall summary is that the document defines ethics and its role in research, then outlines and gives examples of three key ethical components to consider which are truthfulness, courtesy, and respect for human rights.

1. EthicalConsiderations
Reporter:Ms. Janyssa Mariae
R. Buenafe

3. What is Ethics?
• Rules of behavior based on ideas
about what is morally good and bad.
• It is concerned with a set of social and
moral principles that guide research.
Ethics in research provides rules that
specify and appropriate and
inappropriate behavior in the conduct
of research and application of
findings.

4. “All researchers has
been challenged to
meet ethical principles
and underlie the
research endeavour.”

5. Components of Ethics in Research Example
A. TRUTHFULNESS
- It is because of the very
purpose of Science, which
is searching for answers to
questions, honesty is of
utmost importance.
Fraud &
Misconduct
B. COURTESY
- Ethics in research also
includes courtesy in
dealing with respondents.
Asking
permission
C. RESPECT FOR
HUMAN RIGHTS
- Related to showing
respect for the
respondents is the ethical
implications of eliciting
information from
respondents.
Respect for
Human
Dignity

6. Components of Ethics in
Research
A. TRUTHFULNESS

7. “PILTDOWN MAN”

8. FRAUD & MISCONDUCT in research
consists of the following deviations from
TRUTHFULNESS (King, 2001)
1. Fabricating data.
2. Describing results of experiments that were never
performed.
3. Listing clinical observations of test subjects who do not
exist.
4. Changing or falsifying existing data in order to achieve
some predetermined goal.
5. Data trimming.
6. Data cooking.
7. Plagiarism, knowingly stealing someone else’s
published work and presenting it without attribution to
source.

9. Components of Ethics in
Research
B. COURTESY

10. The researcher must get a
permission:
- from the school head if he
needs to get data from
students.
- from the president of the
farmers’ organization if the
respondents are farmers.

11. Components of Ethics in
Research
C. RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS

12. Respect for Human Dignity
1. Protection of life of the participants
2. Protection of participants from harm and
loss of dignity
3. Seeking informed consent of participants
4. Avoid deception
5. Observing confidentiality where it is due.
6. Observing the right of the participants
to pull out anytime if they so wish.
7. Just compensation or some form of
reciprocity where necessary as well as
sharing of research result.

13. Thank You!