This document discusses using satellite imagery to estimate the depth of rivers. It outlines previous work using machine learning techniques like random forest and deep learning to process satellite images and generate bathymetry maps. The methodology section describes preprocessing steps like separating land and water pixels and correcting for light attenuation through the water column. It then explains Lyzenga's method for creating depth-invariant indices using ratios between spectral bands to estimate river depth without requiring water depth measurements. Results found combining high-resolution multispectral imagery with machine learning can generate accurate topographical maps for bathymetry. Future work involves applying these deep learning techniques to real satellite data and improving accuracy.
DUAL-CHANNEL MODEL FOR SHALLOW WATER DEPTH RETRIEVAL FROM WORLDVIEW-3 IMAGERY...Luhur Moekti Prayogo
This research aims to estimate shallow water depth using Worldview 3 satellite imagery and dual-channel models in Karimunjawa waters, Central Java – Indonesia. To build dual-channel models, we used spectral data that had been validated in the field. Twenty-three depth data were recorded synchronous to the spectral data used in forming the semianalytical dual-channel models. Twelve models were tested using 633 depth data with a non-linear model using multiple polynomial regression analysis degrees 1 and 2. This research has shown that the proposed model has been confirmed to improve depth accuracy. Models using blue and green channels of Worldview 3 image result in good accuracies especially for estimating depths with interval from 5 to 20 meters with RMSE of 1,592 meters (5–10 meters), 2,099 meters (10–15 meters), and 1,239 meters (15–20 meters). The wavelengths of two channels have a low absorption rate to penetrate deeper waters than other wavelengths. The research also finds out that there are still models that meet the IHO standard criteria.
Mems based optical sensorMEMS BASED OPTICAL SENSOR FOR SALINITY MEASUREMENTprj_publication
In this paper, we purpose a two dimensional photonic crystal based optical sensor for
salinity measurement. The salinity percentage of is sea water changes as we go down the sea
water surface. This gives change to the index of refraction of the sea water at the different
levels. Thus the salinity percentage of sea water can be detected by measuring this change in the
effective refractive index of sea water. In this paper, the effective refractive index method has
been used for the detection of the salinity concentration from (0-40%). The slab waveguide is
designed and the effective refractive changed is captured. Even as the refractive index change
for the change in salinity of the sea water, is very small, the effective index change is visible,
making the sensor very sensitive.
Graphical User Interface for Benthic MappingIDES Editor
A Graphical User Interface (GUI) was developed for
a user-friendly implementation of a water depth correction
model. The Interactive Data Language (IDL)-based tool
provides the prospective users with an interface that can be
applied to perform water depth correction on hyperspectral
images that contain shallow water bodies containing benthic
habitat information. Users can select a pixel or a subset of a
hyperspectral image to be corrected and define water
correction for water depths of 0-2.0 m and for turbidity values
of 0-20 NTU (Nephalometric Turbidity Unit) using the GUI.
The results demonstrate that the GUI is an effective benthic
mapping tool for shallow littoral areas; and it can be
incorporated as a module in currently available commercial
image processing software.
Using Remote Sensing Techniques For Monitoring Ecological Changes In Lakes: C...IJERA Editor
The ability to use remote sensing in studying lake ecology lies in the capability of satellite sensors to measure
the spectral reflectance of constituents in water bodies. This reflectance can be used to determine the
concentration of the constituents of the water column through mathematical relationships. This work identified a
simple linear equation for estimating suspended matter in Lake Naivasha with reflectance in Landsat7 ETM+
image. A R² = 0.94, n = 6 for suspended matter was obtained. Archive of Landsat imagery was used to
produce maps of suspended matter concentrations in the lake. The suspended matter concentrations at five
different locations in the lake over 30 year’s period were then estimated. It was therefore concluded that the
ecological changes Lake Naivasha is experiencing is the result of the high water abstraction and the effect of
climate change.
DUAL-CHANNEL MODEL FOR SHALLOW WATER DEPTH RETRIEVAL FROM WORLDVIEW-3 IMAGERY...Luhur Moekti Prayogo
This research aims to estimate shallow water depth using Worldview 3 satellite imagery and dual-channel models in Karimunjawa waters, Central Java – Indonesia. To build dual-channel models, we used spectral data that had been validated in the field. Twenty-three depth data were recorded synchronous to the spectral data used in forming the semianalytical dual-channel models. Twelve models were tested using 633 depth data with a non-linear model using multiple polynomial regression analysis degrees 1 and 2. This research has shown that the proposed model has been confirmed to improve depth accuracy. Models using blue and green channels of Worldview 3 image result in good accuracies especially for estimating depths with interval from 5 to 20 meters with RMSE of 1,592 meters (5–10 meters), 2,099 meters (10–15 meters), and 1,239 meters (15–20 meters). The wavelengths of two channels have a low absorption rate to penetrate deeper waters than other wavelengths. The research also finds out that there are still models that meet the IHO standard criteria.
Mems based optical sensorMEMS BASED OPTICAL SENSOR FOR SALINITY MEASUREMENTprj_publication
In this paper, we purpose a two dimensional photonic crystal based optical sensor for
salinity measurement. The salinity percentage of is sea water changes as we go down the sea
water surface. This gives change to the index of refraction of the sea water at the different
levels. Thus the salinity percentage of sea water can be detected by measuring this change in the
effective refractive index of sea water. In this paper, the effective refractive index method has
been used for the detection of the salinity concentration from (0-40%). The slab waveguide is
designed and the effective refractive changed is captured. Even as the refractive index change
for the change in salinity of the sea water, is very small, the effective index change is visible,
making the sensor very sensitive.
Graphical User Interface for Benthic MappingIDES Editor
A Graphical User Interface (GUI) was developed for
a user-friendly implementation of a water depth correction
model. The Interactive Data Language (IDL)-based tool
provides the prospective users with an interface that can be
applied to perform water depth correction on hyperspectral
images that contain shallow water bodies containing benthic
habitat information. Users can select a pixel or a subset of a
hyperspectral image to be corrected and define water
correction for water depths of 0-2.0 m and for turbidity values
of 0-20 NTU (Nephalometric Turbidity Unit) using the GUI.
The results demonstrate that the GUI is an effective benthic
mapping tool for shallow littoral areas; and it can be
incorporated as a module in currently available commercial
image processing software.
Using Remote Sensing Techniques For Monitoring Ecological Changes In Lakes: C...IJERA Editor
The ability to use remote sensing in studying lake ecology lies in the capability of satellite sensors to measure
the spectral reflectance of constituents in water bodies. This reflectance can be used to determine the
concentration of the constituents of the water column through mathematical relationships. This work identified a
simple linear equation for estimating suspended matter in Lake Naivasha with reflectance in Landsat7 ETM+
image. A R² = 0.94, n = 6 for suspended matter was obtained. Archive of Landsat imagery was used to
produce maps of suspended matter concentrations in the lake. The suspended matter concentrations at five
different locations in the lake over 30 year’s period were then estimated. It was therefore concluded that the
ecological changes Lake Naivasha is experiencing is the result of the high water abstraction and the effect of
climate change.
Using Remote Sensing Techniques For Monitoring Ecological Changes In Lakes: C...IJERA Editor
The ability to use remote sensing in studying lake ecology lies in the capability of satellite sensors to measure
the spectral reflectance of constituents in water bodies. This reflectance can be used to determine the
concentration of the constituents of the water column through mathematical relationships. This work identified a
simple linear equation for estimating suspended matter in Lake Naivasha with reflectance in Landsat7 ETM+
image. A R² = 0.94, n = 6 for suspended matter was obtained. Archive of Landsat imagery was used to
produce maps of suspended matter concentrations in the lake. The suspended matter concentrations at five
different locations in the lake over 30 year’s period were then estimated. It was therefore concluded that the
ecological changes Lake Naivasha is experiencing is the result of the high water abstraction and the effect of
climate change.
study and analysis of hy si data in 400 to 500IJAEMSJORNAL
The ability to extract information about world and present it in way that our visual perception can comprehend is ultimate goal of imaging science in remote sensing .Hyperspectral imaging system is most powerful tool in the field of remote sensing also called as imaging spectroscopy, It is new technique used by researcher to detect terrestrial, vegetation and mineral. This paper reports analysis of hyperspectral images. Firstly the hyperspectral image analyzed by using supervised classification of Amravati region from Maharashtra province of India. The report reveals spectral analysis of Amravati region. We acquired satellite imagery to perform the classification using maximum like hood classifier. Analysis is performing in ERDAS to determine the spectral reflectance against the no of band. The analytical outcome of paper is representing the soil, water, vegetation index of the region.
Since the recent development of UAVs(Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) and digital sensors technology has enabled the acquisition of high-resolution image data, it is considered that the image data of riverside can be analysed. Therefore, this study analyses the applicability of remote sensing techniques through image analysis in river systems and habitats. The target stream in this study was the Cheongmi stream and the applicability of the river environmental evaluation technique was analysed through image analysis. The satellite images used for the analysis of river topography and environments were compared with the aerial images taken by a micro UAV), and the river environmental evaluation was carried out with the field research at the same time. The data acquisition range and application limit by river environmental evaluation technique proposed previously were evaluated, and as a result, it was found that it was possible to draw various evaluation parameters using a drone that could take an image at a low altitude in comparison to satellite images.
Water-Body Area Extraction From High Resolution Satellite Images-An Introduct...CSCJournals
Water resources play an important role in region planning, natural disaster, industrial and agricultural production and so on. Surveying of water-bodies and delineate its features properly is very first step for any planning, especially for places like India, where the land-cover is dominated by water-bodies. Recording images, such as from satellite, sometimes does not reflect the distinguished characteristics of water with non-water features, e.g. shadows of super structures. Image of water body is confused easily with the shadow of skyscraper, since calm water surface induces mirror reflection when it gives birth to echo wave. Over the past decade, a significant amount of research been conducted to extract the water body information from multi-resolution satellite image. The objective of this paper is to review methodologies applied for water body extraction using satellite remote sensing. First, studies on water body detection are treated. Methodological issues related to the use of these methods were summarized. Results from empirical studies, applying water-body extraction techniques are collected and discussed. Important issues for future research are also identified and discussed.
Remote Sensing Method for Flood Management SystemIJMREMJournal
Flood occurred when heavy and continuous rainfall exceeding the absorptive capacity of soil and the flow
capacity of rivers, streams, and coastal areas. Land areas that are most subjected to floods are areas situated
adjacent to rivers and streams, that are known as floodplain and therefore considered as “flood-prone”. These
areas are hazardous to development activities if the vulnerability of those activities exceeds an acceptable level.
The main objectives of this study are; to identify floodplains and other susceptible areas, and to assess the
extent of disaster impact in the study area which is located at Kota Tinggi, Johor, Malaysia. This area
experienced an unprecedented flood during December of 2006 to January of 2007.Questions such as how often
and how long the floodplain will be covered by water, and at what time of year flooding can be expected need to
be answered. Thus, an understanding of the dynamic nature of floodplains is greatly required. Multi-temporal
Radarsat-1images, Landsat ETM+ image, topographical maps and land use maps were used in this study for
the purpose of delineating the flood extend before, during and after the flood event. DEM acquired from
topographic map is used to derive flood depth. The final outputs of this study are flood extent and flood depth
maps where both of these maps show the impact of the flood to environment, lives and properties. This map is
also important and can be applied to develop a comprehensive relief effort immediately after flooding.
Using Remote Sensing Techniques For Monitoring Ecological Changes In Lakes: C...IJERA Editor
The ability to use remote sensing in studying lake ecology lies in the capability of satellite sensors to measure
the spectral reflectance of constituents in water bodies. This reflectance can be used to determine the
concentration of the constituents of the water column through mathematical relationships. This work identified a
simple linear equation for estimating suspended matter in Lake Naivasha with reflectance in Landsat7 ETM+
image. A R² = 0.94, n = 6 for suspended matter was obtained. Archive of Landsat imagery was used to
produce maps of suspended matter concentrations in the lake. The suspended matter concentrations at five
different locations in the lake over 30 year’s period were then estimated. It was therefore concluded that the
ecological changes Lake Naivasha is experiencing is the result of the high water abstraction and the effect of
climate change.
study and analysis of hy si data in 400 to 500IJAEMSJORNAL
The ability to extract information about world and present it in way that our visual perception can comprehend is ultimate goal of imaging science in remote sensing .Hyperspectral imaging system is most powerful tool in the field of remote sensing also called as imaging spectroscopy, It is new technique used by researcher to detect terrestrial, vegetation and mineral. This paper reports analysis of hyperspectral images. Firstly the hyperspectral image analyzed by using supervised classification of Amravati region from Maharashtra province of India. The report reveals spectral analysis of Amravati region. We acquired satellite imagery to perform the classification using maximum like hood classifier. Analysis is performing in ERDAS to determine the spectral reflectance against the no of band. The analytical outcome of paper is representing the soil, water, vegetation index of the region.
Since the recent development of UAVs(Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) and digital sensors technology has enabled the acquisition of high-resolution image data, it is considered that the image data of riverside can be analysed. Therefore, this study analyses the applicability of remote sensing techniques through image analysis in river systems and habitats. The target stream in this study was the Cheongmi stream and the applicability of the river environmental evaluation technique was analysed through image analysis. The satellite images used for the analysis of river topography and environments were compared with the aerial images taken by a micro UAV), and the river environmental evaluation was carried out with the field research at the same time. The data acquisition range and application limit by river environmental evaluation technique proposed previously were evaluated, and as a result, it was found that it was possible to draw various evaluation parameters using a drone that could take an image at a low altitude in comparison to satellite images.
Water-Body Area Extraction From High Resolution Satellite Images-An Introduct...CSCJournals
Water resources play an important role in region planning, natural disaster, industrial and agricultural production and so on. Surveying of water-bodies and delineate its features properly is very first step for any planning, especially for places like India, where the land-cover is dominated by water-bodies. Recording images, such as from satellite, sometimes does not reflect the distinguished characteristics of water with non-water features, e.g. shadows of super structures. Image of water body is confused easily with the shadow of skyscraper, since calm water surface induces mirror reflection when it gives birth to echo wave. Over the past decade, a significant amount of research been conducted to extract the water body information from multi-resolution satellite image. The objective of this paper is to review methodologies applied for water body extraction using satellite remote sensing. First, studies on water body detection are treated. Methodological issues related to the use of these methods were summarized. Results from empirical studies, applying water-body extraction techniques are collected and discussed. Important issues for future research are also identified and discussed.
Remote Sensing Method for Flood Management SystemIJMREMJournal
Flood occurred when heavy and continuous rainfall exceeding the absorptive capacity of soil and the flow
capacity of rivers, streams, and coastal areas. Land areas that are most subjected to floods are areas situated
adjacent to rivers and streams, that are known as floodplain and therefore considered as “flood-prone”. These
areas are hazardous to development activities if the vulnerability of those activities exceeds an acceptable level.
The main objectives of this study are; to identify floodplains and other susceptible areas, and to assess the
extent of disaster impact in the study area which is located at Kota Tinggi, Johor, Malaysia. This area
experienced an unprecedented flood during December of 2006 to January of 2007.Questions such as how often
and how long the floodplain will be covered by water, and at what time of year flooding can be expected need to
be answered. Thus, an understanding of the dynamic nature of floodplains is greatly required. Multi-temporal
Radarsat-1images, Landsat ETM+ image, topographical maps and land use maps were used in this study for
the purpose of delineating the flood extend before, during and after the flood event. DEM acquired from
topographic map is used to derive flood depth. The final outputs of this study are flood extent and flood depth
maps where both of these maps show the impact of the flood to environment, lives and properties. This map is
also important and can be applied to develop a comprehensive relief effort immediately after flooding.
Similar to ESTIMATION OF DEPTH OF RIVER BY BATHYMETRY OF SATELLITE IMAGES (20)
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