This document is the preface to a book titled "Essentials of Orthopedic Nursing" by James M. Alo. It was published in 2009 in the Philippines. The book contains four parts that cover the history and fundamentals of orthopedic nursing, the anatomy and physiology of the musculoskeletal system, basic orthopedic nursing care and techniques, and various musculoskeletal disorders, their treatment and nursing management. The preface provides an overview of the contents of each part and acknowledges those who helped in the publication of the book. It is intended to serve as a guide for nursing students and teachers on orthopedic nursing concepts, skills and clinical management of orthopedic patients.
Pashudhan is India's No. 1 Veterinary monthly journal dedicated to animal health care.
Glimpse on December 2010 issue:
1. Rehabilitation in veterinary patients
2. Fish net hook retrieval from Esophagus of turtle
3. Query fever
4. Krishi Vigyan Kendra
5. Aflatoxicosis in poultry
6. SUMUL: Focus on breed improvement
7. Research spotlight
8. Doping in race horse: a menace
9. National & international news
10. Published articles of 2010
11. Leukocyte adhesion molecules role in bovine mastitis
12. Pneumocarditis in a buffalo- necropsy
13. Snapshots
Pashudhan is India's No. 1 Veterinary monthly journal dedicated to animal health care.
Glimpse on December 2010 issue:
1. Rehabilitation in veterinary patients
2. Fish net hook retrieval from Esophagus of turtle
3. Query fever
4. Krishi Vigyan Kendra
5. Aflatoxicosis in poultry
6. SUMUL: Focus on breed improvement
7. Research spotlight
8. Doping in race horse: a menace
9. National & international news
10. Published articles of 2010
11. Leukocyte adhesion molecules role in bovine mastitis
12. Pneumocarditis in a buffalo- necropsy
13. Snapshots
this is a report of my summer internship that i had done in Ruby hall clinic(550 beds) Pune.Title of my project is "Feasiablity study of implementation of personal health records in Ruby hall clinic".
The Health Education and Training Institute (HETI) is delighted to present The Allied Health Superguide: a handbook for supervising allied health professionals as the first major project of the Allied Health Directorate, adapted from The superguide: a handbook for supervising doctors in training.
Allied health professionals are recognised as essential members of the multidisciplinary team playing a critical role in prevention, treatment and management of complex co-morbidities across the continuum of care, reducing the impact of chronic disease and increasing patient’s quality of life. Health services in NSW are in a continual state of change, with the needs of the population and community expectations increasing exponentially. It is vital that clinicians are able to be flexible and adaptable in their practice,open to new ideas and engage in life long learning to ensure services are based on the best available evidence and meet the needs of the population.
this is a report of my summer internship that i had done in Ruby hall clinic(550 beds) Pune.Title of my project is "Feasiablity study of implementation of personal health records in Ruby hall clinic".
The Health Education and Training Institute (HETI) is delighted to present The Allied Health Superguide: a handbook for supervising allied health professionals as the first major project of the Allied Health Directorate, adapted from The superguide: a handbook for supervising doctors in training.
Allied health professionals are recognised as essential members of the multidisciplinary team playing a critical role in prevention, treatment and management of complex co-morbidities across the continuum of care, reducing the impact of chronic disease and increasing patient’s quality of life. Health services in NSW are in a continual state of change, with the needs of the population and community expectations increasing exponentially. It is vital that clinicians are able to be flexible and adaptable in their practice,open to new ideas and engage in life long learning to ensure services are based on the best available evidence and meet the needs of the population.
Identify the distinction of DSM 5 vs ICD.
Explain the significant change in the fifth edition .
Discuss and differentiate the purposes of mental illness classification.
More from James Malce Alo, PhD, MAN, MAPsych, RN, OSHA (20)
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
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Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
2. i iii
ESSENTIALS of ORTHOPEDIC NURSING
1ST Edition
2009
BY: JAMES M. ALO, RN, MAN, MAP, Ph.D
A & C Printers
200- A N Domingo St. San Juan City
Tel. # 986-33-23/998-2507
E-mail Add: ac_printer@yahoo.com.ph
3. iii
ii
ESSENTIALS of ORTHOPEDIC NURSING
Philippine Copyright, 2009 by
James M. Alo
1ST Edition
ISBN 978-971-94484-0-2
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means
without the written permission from the author.
Published and exclusively distributed
By: HanjazZ Publishing
Blk 2 Lt 13-C Grasshopper St. Saint Mary Village, Las Pinas City
Tel #: (02) 846-1450
Mobile #:09187309403
Web site: http://www.james2gloves.com
A & C Printers
200- A N Domingo St. San Juan City
Tel. # 986-33-23/998-2507
E-mail Add: ac_printer@yahoo.com.ph
4. iii
PREFACE
Fundamental concepts, principles, and methods of orthopedic nursing
designed to provide the students with basic knowledge on the clinical
procedures on how to manage and care orthopedic patient.
This book will aid the student to demonstrate the knowledge and skills
related to the management of care to patients with fracture and musculoskeletal
disorders.
This book consists of four parts. The first part deals with the history of
orthopedic nursing, today’s’ orthopedic nurse, orthopedic nursing in the
Philippines, perspectives on orthopedic nurses, the environment of care, the
health care team, nurses key role in promoting environment of care and using a
model for orthopedic nursing.
The second part deals with the anatomy and physiology of the
musculoskeletal system. The third part is on basic care and comfort; principles of
basic body mechanics, transfer techniques, ambulation and it’s assistive devices,
joint movement, therapeutic exercises, complication of immobility and specific
therapeutic positions. The fourth part deals with the musculoskeletal disorders
with it’s definition, causes, signs and symptoms, anatomy and pathophysiology,
diagnostic procedures, medical management and nursing management.
This book is especially good to be possessed by teachers and students
who will be exposing in orthopedic nursing and is guide of them. Care has been
taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe
generally accepted nursing practices. Thus, it is hard to ensure that all the
information presented is entirely exact for all circumstances. The author make
no warranty, express or implied, with respect to this work, and disclaim any
liability, loss or damage as a result, directly or indirectly of the application of any
of the contents of this endeavor.
The author also acknowledges his owe of gratitude to all those who, in
one way or another, helped in the publication of this book.
James M. Alo
5. iii
iv
To my wife, jazzy and hannah who are my joy
and inspiration,
To my family and friends,
gives support and strength.
To my students, past and tomorrow,
who are the hope for nursing’s future.
To AdU and UPHSD, who give me the opportunity to enhanced
my skills in orthopedic nursing. in Philippines Orthopedic Center under
DOH.
To Dr. Teodoro R. Castro- POC Director, Agnes G. Sarabia- Chief
Nurse, Dr. Judy C. Franco- Nurse IV, Eva T. Cruza- Nurse III, Sheirna
B. Campita- Nurse III, Elizabeth M. Raymundo- Nurse III and POC
Clinical Instructors with the marvelous learning experienced.
6. iii
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Preface iii
Acknowledgment iv
PART 1
Introduction 1
History of Orthopedic Nursing 2
Today’s Orthopedic Nurse 2
Orthopedic Nursing in the Philippines 3
Perspectives on Orthopedic Nurses 6
Perspectives on Orthopedic Nursing 7
The Environment of Care 8
The Health Care Team 9
Nurses Key Role in Promoting Environment of 10
Care
Using a Model for Orthopedic Nursing 11
PART 2
Musculoskeletal System 12
List of Major Human Organ System 12
Structures in Humans 14
1.1. Skeletal 14
1.2. Muscular 39
1.3. Joints 43
1.4. Tendons 44
1.5. Ligaments 45
1.6. bursa 46
PART 3
Basic Care and Comfort 47
Basic Body Mechanics 47
Principles of Body Mechanics 48
Transfer Techniques 48
Ambulation and it’s Assistive Devices 49
Joint Movements 51
Therapeutic Exercises 51
Complications of immobility 52
7. iii
Specific Therapeutic Positions 54
PART 4 vi
Musculoskeletal Disorders 55
Osteoporosis 56
Paget’s Disease 61
Bone Tumors 63
Osteoarthritis 67
Disorders of Joints and Connective Tissues 71
a. Rheumatoid Arthritis 73
b. Psoriatic Arthritis 80
c. Discoid Lupus Erythematosus 82
d. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 83
e. Scleroderma 87
f. Sjogren’s Syndrome 90
g. Mixed Connective Tissue Disease 92
h. Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis 94
i. Relapsing Polychonditis 97
j. Vasculitis 98
k. Polyarteritis Nodosa 99
l. Temporal Arteritis 100
m. Wegener’s Granulomatosis 102
n. Reiter’s Syndrome 103
o. Behcet’s Syndrome 105
p. Ankylosing Spondylitis 107
q. Gout and Pseudogout 108
Bone and Joint Infections 113
a. Osteomyelitis 114
b. Infection Arthritis 117
c. Charcot’s Joints 119
Disorders of Muscles, Bones and Tendons 120
a. Spasmodic Torticollis 121
b. Fibromyalgia Syndrome 122
c. Bursitis 124
d. Tendinitis and Synovitis 126
Fracture 129
Spinal Cord Injury 136
Osteomyelitis 142
Herniated Nucleus Pulposus 145
8. iii
Osteosarcoma 149
Pott’s Disease 153
vii
Buerger’s Disease 155
Gouty Arthritis 160
Scoliosis 165
Osteomalacia 171
Clubfoot 172
Spina Bifida 173
Congenital Hip Dysplasia 176
Coxa Plana 177
Hydrocephalus 178
Foot Problems 180
a. Ankle Sprain 180
b. Foot Fracture 182
c. Heel Spurs 184
d. Sever’s Disease 185
e. Posterior Achilles Tendon Bursitis 186
f. Anterior Achilles Tendon Bursitis 187
g. Posterior Tibial Neuralgia 187
h. Pain in the Ball of the Foot 188
i. Ingron Toenail 190
j. Onychomycosis 190
k. Nail Discoloration 191
Sports injuries 192
a. Stress Fracture of the Foot 197
b. Shin Splints 198
c. Popliteus Tendinitis 200
d. Achilles Tendinitis 201
e. Runner’s Knee 202
f. Hamstring Injury 204
g. Weight Lifter’s Back 205
h. Backhand Tennis Elbow 207
i. Forehand Tennis Elbow 208
j. Rotator Cuff Tendinitis 210
Exercise and Fitness 212
a. Starting an Exercise Program 212
b. Preventing Injuries 214
c. Choosing the Right Exercise 217
9. iii
Preventing Infection and Promoting Healing 220
Balance Skeletal Traction Application 221
viii
How to Tie a Knot 230
Casting 231
BST Equipments 237
The Gadgets 238
Tractions 247
Hardware 253
a. Screws and Plates 253
b. Implants 256
Braces 258
Common Abbreviations in Surgery 260
Surgeries 261
Anesthesia Abbreviation 261
Exercises 263
Review Questions Related to Musculoskletal 267
Disorders
Nursing Care Plan 280
BIBLIOGRAPHY 286