This document discusses system design and prototyping. It covers functional and architectural design, prototyping, advantages and disadvantages of prototyping, and when to use a prototype model. Prototyping involves building a throwaway prototype based on initial requirements to help clients better understand the system. Prototypes allow for early detection of errors and user feedback to refine requirements and solutions before full development. Prototyping is best for systems with significant user interaction where requirements may be unclear.

1. SYSTEM DESIGN AND PROTOTYPING
Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
Sinhgad Institute of Technology and Science

2. CONTENTS
o Functional design
o Architectural design
o Prototyping
o Advantages of Prototype model
o Disadvantages of Prototype model
o When to use Prototype model

3. FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Figure 3: Functional Design of a coffee vending machine

4. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
Figure 4: Architectural design of a coffee/tea vending machine

5. PROTOTYPING
ʚ The basic idea here is that instead of freezing the requirements
before a design or coding can proceed, a throwaway prototype is
built to understand the requirements.
ʚ This prototype is developed based on the currently known
requirements.
ʚ By using this prototype, the client can get an “actual feel” of the
system, since the interactions with prototype can enable the client to
better understand the requirements of the desired system.
ʚ Prototyping is an attractive idea for complicated and large systems
for which there is no manual process or existing system to help
determining the requirements.
ʚ The prototype are usually not complete systems and many of the
details are not built in the prototype.
ʚ “The goal is to provide a system with overall functionality”

6. Diagram of Prototype model:
Figure 1: Prototyping a model

7.  Users are actively involved in the development
 Since in this methodology a working model of the system is
provided, the users get a better understanding of the system
being developed.
 Errors can be detected much earlier.
 Quicker user feedback is available leading to better solutions.
 Missing functionality can be identified easily
 Confusing or difficult functions can be identified
 Requirements validation
 Quick implementation of, incomplete, but
functional, application.
ADVANTAGES OF PROTOTYPE MODEL

8. • Leads to implementing and then repairing way of building
systems.
• Practically, this methodology may increase the complexity of
the system as scope of the system may expand beyond original
plans.
• Incomplete application may cause application not to be used
as the full system was designed
• Incomplete or inadequate problem analysis.
DISADVANTAGES OF PROTOTYPE MODEL

9.  Prototype model should be used when the desired system
needs to have a lot of interaction with the end users.
 Typically, online systems, web interfaces have a very
high amount of interaction with end users, are best suited
for Prototype model. It might take a while for a system to
be built that allows ease of use and needs minimal
training for the end user.
 Prototyping ensures that the end users constantly work
with the system and provide a feedback which is
incorporated in the prototype to result in a useable
system. They are excellent for designing good human
computer interface systems.
WHEN TO USE PROTOTYPE MODEL:

10. Thank You…
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