The document discusses the prototype model in software development. It defines a prototype model as building a working prototype of the system before full development to allow users to evaluate proposals. The key steps are requirements analysis, quick design, building the prototype, getting customer evaluation and feedback, and refining the prototype iteratively until the user is satisfied. Prototype models have advantages like early assessment, clarifying requirements, and ensuring user requirements are met. However, they can also be time-consuming and expensive if multiple prototypes are needed before finding the perfect fit.

2. Overviews:-
What is prototype model?
Need / importance of the prototype model
Advantage and disadvantage of the prototype model
Reference

3. Sdlc models
SDLC(Software development life cycle) is a framework that
describes the activities performed at each step of a software
development project.
SDLC models are following types:-
Waterfall model
Iterative model
Prototype model
Spiral model

4. SDLC MODEL

5. Prototype model
 A prototyping model suggest that before carrying out the
development of the actual software, a working prototype of the
system should be built.
 A prototype is a toy implementation of the system.
 Prototype is a working model of software with some limited
functionality.
Prototyping is used to allow the users evaluate the developer
proposals and try them out before
implementation.

6. How does the prototype model look?
 aa
Requirement analysis
quick
design Build
prototype
Customer
evaluation of
prototype
Refine requirements
according to the
customer suggestion
Design
Implement Test Maintain

7. Steps of the prototype model
 Requirements gathering and Analysis:
A prototype model begins with requirements analysis, and the
requirements of the system are define in detail. The user is
interviewed in order to know the requirements of the
system.
 Quick design:
When requirements are known, a quick design for the system
is created. It is not a detailed design , it includes the
important aspects of the system, which gives an idea of the
system to the user.

8.  Build prototype:
Information gathering from quick design is modified to form a
prototype .It represents a ‘rough’ design of the required system.
 Customer evaluation of prototype:
The build prototype is presented to the customer for his/her
evaluation.
 Prototype refinement:
Once the user evaluate the prototype, it is refined according to the
requirements . When the user is satisfied to the developed prototype ,
a final system is developed based on the final prototype , which is
developed by the iterative method means we design the system
according to the final prototype , after that implement , test the
product to find the error and at last we maintain the system.

9. Need of the prototype model:-
 Prototype provides a method to examine design problems
and evaluating solutions.
 “…Prototypes are not self explanatory….Clarifying what
aspects of a prototype correspond to the eventual artifact─
and what don’t─ is a key part of successful prototyping.”
 The development of the prototype model is expensive but is
a good model because it satisfy all the requirements of the
customers.

10. Advantages of the prototype model:-
 It provides a working model to the user early in the process ,
enabling early assessment and increasing the user confidence.
 The developer gains the experience and insight by developing a
prototype , thereby resulting I better implementation of the
requirements.
 It helps in reducing the risk associated to the project.
 The prototyping model serves to clarify requirements , which are
not clear, hence ambiguity and improving communication
between developer and user.

11.  There is a great involvement of the users in software
development. Hence the requirements of the users are met
to the greatest extent.

12. Disadvantages of the prototype model
 If the user is not satisfied with developed prototype,
then a new prototype is developed . This process goes on
until a perfect prototype evolves. Thus this model is time
consuming and expensive.
 The developer loses focus of the real purpose of the
prototype and compromises on the quality of the product.
For example:- he/she may apply some of the inefficient
algorithms or inappropriate programming languages used
in developing the prototype.

13. Prototype model can lead to the false expectations. It
often creates a situation where the user believes that the
development of the system is finished when it is not.
The primary goal of the prototype model is rapid
development. Thus, the design of the system may suffer
as it built in a series of layers without considering
integration of all the other components.

14. References
 www.Google.com
www.slideshare.com
www.youtube.com

15. thank you