This document discusses musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among healthcare professionals and the importance of ergonomics. It notes that MSDs like neck, back, shoulder, and wrist/hand pain are highly prevalent among healthcare workers due to long hours spent in ergonomically challenging postures, repetitive motions, and static positions. The document then defines ergonomics as designing a safe, comfortable workplace by matching jobs and products to humans. It describes the components of ergonomics including physical, cognitive, and organizational aspects. Finally, it outlines several principles of ergonomics like maintaining proper posture, keeping materials in easy reach, and reducing excessive force or motion to help prevent MSDs.

1. Musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs)
& Ergonomics
Dr Vivek Singh
4/01/2019

2. Outline
• MSDs among health care professionals
• Ergonomics
• Components of ergonomics
• Principles of ergonomics
• Summary

3. MSDs among health care professionals
• High prevalence of-
• 1.Neck pain(59%)
• 2.Back pain(upper & lower)(55%)
• 3.Shoulder pain(34%)
• 4.Wrist and hand pain
• Incidence higher than in the general population
• Easy to overlook
• Knudsen et al;Iowa Orthop J;2014

4. Risk Factors
• Forceful exertions
• Awkward work postures
• Repetitive motions
• Prolonged activities
• Localized contact stresses
• Segmental vibration
• Temperature extremes.

5. MSDs among health care professionals
• Reasons-
• Long working hours in ergonomically challenging postures
• Flexed neck and elevated arm positions when performing surgery
• Extremes of motion and contorted body
positioning
• Prolonged standing

6. Reasons for MSDs
• Static position of neck and trunk and associated frequent
movements of upper extremities.

7. Reasons for MSDs
• A lack of education regarding surgical
ergonomics

9. Ergonomics
• Ergonomics is the science of designing a safe, comfortable and
productive workplace
• Matching the job to the worker and the product to the user
• Increasing productivity while maintaining health

10. Ergonomics
• Ergonomics is concerned with understanding of the
interactions among humans and other elements of his
profession to optimise well-being and overall system
performance.

11. Components Of Ergonomics
• Physical ergonomics
• Cognitive ergonomics
• Organizational ergonomics

12. Physical Ergonomics
• Physical ergonomics is the
human body’s responses to physical and
physiological work loads.
• Includes repetitive strain injuries from
repetition, vibration, force, and posture

13. Cognitive Ergonomics
• Cognitive ergonomics deals with the mental processes and human capacities
when at work.
• Cognitive ergonomics focuses on the fit between human cognitive abilities
and limitations and the machine, task, environment, etc.

14. Organizational Ergonomics
• Organizational ergonomics
deals with the organizational
structures, policies and
processes in the work
environment
• Includes team work,
motivation, job satisfaction,
shift work, scheduling and
ethics

15. Benefits of Ergonomics
• Decreased injury risk
• Decreased mistakes
• Decreased lost work
day
• Increased productivity
• Increased efficiency
• Improved morale

16. Principles Of Ergonomics
• Maintain the ‘S’ curve

17. Principles Of Ergonomics
Seating & posture

18. Principles Of Ergonomics
• Keep everything in easy reach

19. Principles Of Ergonomics
Work at proper heights

20. Principles Of Ergonomics
• Reduce excessive force

21. Principles Of Ergonomics
• Minimize static and fatigue load

22. Principles Of Ergonomics
• Minimize pressure points

23. Principles Of Ergonomics
• Reduce excessive motion

24. Principles Of Ergonomics
• Provide clearance

25. Principles Of Ergonomics
• Move, stretch and exercise

26. Principles Of Ergonomics
Monitor & Keyboard

27. Principles Of Ergonomics
Good Posture In Laboratory

28. Ergonomics In Pipette
• Maintain straight wrists
• Always have a relaxed but firm grip on the pipette
• Keep elbows and your body close to your work
• For every 15 minutes of pipette work, take a 2 minute break

29. Thank You