The principle function of epithelial cells is to provide a protective layer for the organ they enclose but also provide other biological functions including secretion, selective absorption, filtration, protection and detection of sensation. https://www.creative-bioarray.com/filter/epithelial-cell-and-media-11.html

2. The Complete Guide to
Know The Difference
Between Epithelial Cells
and Endothelial Cells
Edit by:
Creative Bioarray
Shirley, NY,USA

3. Contents
chapart 1. Brief Introduction
Chaprter 2. The differences in the position
Chapter 3. The differences in the function
Chapter 4. The differences in the structure
Chapter 5. Other differences
Conclusion

4. Brief Introduction
While mentioning about epithelial cells and endothelial cells, it is not
very easy to distinguish them clearly. Here are some features about
epithelial cells and endothelial cells that can be used for further
understand about this two cells.

5. Brief Introduction
Endothelial cells cover the inner surface of the blood vessel, while the
epithelial cells cover the inner surface of the internal organs and the
outer surface of human body. If a large number of epithelial cells was
found in the urine, it indicates urinary tract infection. The endothelial
cells and epithelial cells which can constitute the tissue both are derived
from the epithelium, but they differ in the position, structure, function.
In addition, both of them constitute an interface between the inner and
outer environments. Endothelial cells are located within the "internal"
of the body, such as the interior of the blood vessel, and the epithelial
cells are usually described as covering the "outside" of the body, such as
the outer layer of the skin (epidermis).

6. The differences in the
position
Endothelial cells constitute endothelium, which covers the inner surface of the
blood vessel. In simple terms, the cells are close to the vessel wall. So the
entire internal circulation of the circulatory system is covered by endothelial
cells. These cells form the interface between the vessel wall and the blood. The
ventricle tissue which is close to the inner surface is a layer of single cells thick
tissue.
Epithelial cells that form epithelial tissue not only cover the outer surface of
the body, but also cover the outer surface of all the internal organs of the
body. For example, the outermost epidermis of the skin is epithelial cells. So
the surface of the skin covered by epithelial cells, it provides a protection for
the body. Epithelial cells also cover the surface of internal organs, such as the
liver, stomach, intestine, lung, urethra, bladder and so on. In other words,
epithelial cells cover the surface of the body and internal tissue.

7. The differences in the
function
Endothelial cells covering the blood vessel wall can regulate blood flow
in blood vessels, which can release NO - the vasodilator factor that
promotes blood circulation and helps to control blood pressure.
Endothelial cells can also secrete a variety of proteins leading to blood
disorders, but involving Hemostatic function. Such as the role in
Glomerular internal is to filter the blood.

8. The differences in the function
The epithelial cells that make up the skin protect the subcutaneous
tissue from damage, bacterial ingress, dangerous chemicals, and avoid
excessive loss of moisture. Epithelial cells of skin will secrete sweat to
regulate body temperature if necessary. The epithelial cells that cover
the pancreas secrete enzymes to promote digestion. In addition,
epithelial cells on the surface of the small intestine absorb nutrients
from digestive food. The epithelial cells on the surface of the respiratory
tract form mucosa, which can secrete mucus to prevent inhalation of
bacteria from entering the lungs with the virus. Skin, nose, tongue, eyes
and other organs exposed to nerve endings on the secretion of
specialized epithelial cells, they can identify the sensory stimulation. In
short, the main function of epithelial cells involves the secretion,
absorption, protection.

9. The differences in the
structure
Endothelial cells are monolayer structures, and water molecules with
oxygen molecules are easily passed through endothelial cells into the
tissue surrounding the endothelial cells. In addition, endothelial cells
lack packed endothelial morphology, the gap between cells contribute
to the passage of liquid and material diffusion.
Epithelial cells have a variety of structures to protect the body from
external environmental damage. Epithelial cells are tight integration to
each other like the bricks, there is little gap between the cells.

10. Other differences
A.Endothelial cells are supported by intermediate filaments to
constitute the cell structure, it contain vimentin filaments, while the
structure of epithelial cells is supported by keratin filaments.
B. The surface of endothelial cells is non-thrombogenic soft surface,
blood will not solidify in the normal blood circulation process. Epithelial
tissue in different types of epithelial cells presents irregular papillary
projections.
C. Endothelium is one of the epitheliums, which is distributed on the
inner surface of the blood vessel. In the lumen, the endothelium
constitutes the interface of the circulatory system or the lymphatic
system and the rest of the blood vessel.

11. Conclusion
All the above is the information about the differences between
endothelial cells and epithelial cells.

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