1. EphEsusEphEsus
An AnciEnt cityAn AnciEnt city
pArt ipArt i

2. WhErE WAs EphEsus?WhErE WAs EphEsus?

3. Roman baths
There are
four areas in
a bath: the
changing
area, the
cold water
area, the
warm water
area and the
hot water
area.
BAthsBAths

4. columnscolumns
 Fluted columns are allFluted columns are all
GreekGreek
 The Romans reusedThe Romans reused
the fluted Greekthe fluted Greek
columnscolumns

5. columnscolumns
 Persian bull on IonicPersian bull on Ionic
capitals is a blend ofcapitals is a blend of
Greek and PersianGreek and Persian
 Bull is a symbol ofBull is a symbol of
strength and powerstrength and power

6. columnscolumns
 Column pedestal withColumn pedestal with
squares in itsquares in it
 They put iron postsThey put iron posts
with lead around themwith lead around them
to hold them in placeto hold them in place
 This is how theThis is how the
Greeks held thingsGreeks held things
together, fromtogether, from
buildings to columnsbuildings to columns

7. ColumnsColumns
 Romans held stuffRomans held stuff
together with cementtogether with cement
mortar instead of iron pegsmortar instead of iron pegs
 It was more stable inIt was more stable in
earthquakesearthquakes

8. ColumnsColumns
 Roman columns areRoman columns are
smooth not flutedsmooth not fluted

9. ColumnsColumns
 What kind of column isWhat kind of column is
this?this?
 The capital isThe capital is
Corinthian with anCorinthian with an
acanthus leaf designacanthus leaf design

10. ColumnsColumns
 The round oliveThe round olive
shaped things on theshaped things on the
capitals are actuallycapitals are actually
bull’s testicles, thesebull’s testicles, these
being a symbol ofbeing a symbol of
strength and powerstrength and power
and abundance. Theyand abundance. They
are on a lot of theare on a lot of the
Roman columns.Roman columns.
 Ionic column capitalIonic column capital

11. AmphitheAtreAmphitheAtre
 This Greek theatreThis Greek theatre
was used as a stadiumwas used as a stadium
by the Romansby the Romans
because they had sobecause they had so
many performances likemany performances like
Gladiator fighting andGladiator fighting and
naked women dancing.naked women dancing.

12. AmphitheAtreAmphitheAtre
 We are standing whereWe are standing where
the performers wouldthe performers would
have entered hundredshave entered hundreds
of years ago. Theyof years ago. They
would come in to thewould come in to the
stadium and if theystadium and if they
were to talk they wouldwere to talk they would
be heard by allbe heard by all
because of thebecause of the
rounded shape.rounded shape.

13. AmphitheAtreAmphitheAtre
 In Roman times, theIn Roman times, the
road beyond theroad beyond the
theatre led to the sea.theatre led to the sea.
The ocean recededThe ocean receded
over time and now it isover time and now it is
five miles further away.five miles further away.

14. Bee’s of ephesusBee’s of ephesus
 We saw this bee in theWe saw this bee in the
entrée way to theentrée way to the
theatre. It turns outtheatre. It turns out
they are the symbol ofthey are the symbol of
the Ephesians (thethe Ephesians (the
people of Ephesus). Itpeople of Ephesus). It
was a very big bee butwas a very big bee but
nobody wanted to putnobody wanted to put
their hand near it totheir hand near it to
show size.show size.

15. streetsstreets
 This is the streetThis is the street
leading to a famous oldleading to a famous old
library.library.

16. streetsstreets
 Curate street meaningCurate street meaning
demigod or priestdemigod or priest
street.street.
 The gates had statuesThe gates had statues
of Heraklesof Herakles
(Hercules)(Hercules)
 Statues of emperorsStatues of emperors
lined the streetlined the street

17. streetsstreets
 This is the mosaic tiledThis is the mosaic tiled
pedestrian streetpedestrian street
 Street for chariots isStreet for chariots is
to the right of theto the right of the
columns.columns.
 Most of the majorMost of the major
streets had twostreets had two
sections: one forsections: one for
pedestrians and onepedestrians and one
for chariots. Bothfor chariots. Both
sections were the samesections were the same
width.width.

18. streetsstreets
 Harbour street can beHarbour street can be
seen beyond theseen beyond the
stadiumstadium
 It led to the oceanIt led to the ocean
originally but the oceanoriginally but the ocean
is now 5 km furtheris now 5 km further
away.away.

19. StreetSStreetS
 Harbour street againHarbour street again
 The river silted up theThe river silted up the
bay at the end of thebay at the end of the
street.street.
 It was one of theIt was one of the
reasons Ephesusreasons Ephesus
stopped being a majorstopped being a major
centre of commerce.centre of commerce.

20. StreetSStreetS
 This was a gamblingThis was a gambling
game played for moneygame played for money
 Small rocks were usedSmall rocks were used
like poker chipslike poker chips
 This was carved intoThis was carved into
the stones of the streetthe stones of the street
because people metbecause people met
there.there.

21. StreetSStreetS
 Names carved intoNames carved into
paving stonespaving stones
 The carvers put theirThe carvers put their
names into stones theynames into stones they
did and then thedid and then the
manager would comemanager would come
around to check howaround to check how
many stones had yourmany stones had your
name and would payname and would pay
you for those stones.you for those stones.

22. StreetSStreetS
 Holes in the stones areHoles in the stones are
for candles.for candles.
 These used to be inThese used to be in
walls but when thewalls but when the
Turkish governmentTurkish government
restored Ephesus,restored Ephesus,
they randomly placedthey randomly placed
stones so these arestones so these are
now in the street.now in the street.

23. StreetSStreetS
 These holes were inThese holes were in
the stones along thethe stones along the
side of the street. Itside of the street. It
was to tie up thewas to tie up the
horses of your chariot.horses of your chariot.
This was like a parkingThis was like a parking
lot outside the librarylot outside the library
and agora.and agora.