Kerala is facing several environmental issues due to factors like increasing population, rapid urbanization, industrialization, and consumerism. This has led to extensive pollution of air, water, and land. Some specific issues include deterioration of water quality in rivers and wells due to dumping of solid waste and discharge of effluents, groundwater quality problems like salinity and high chemical concentrations, death of rivers due to lack of rain, deforestation, sand mining, and pollution, and loss of biodiversity in forests and agricultural lands due to degradation of native ecosystems.

1. ENVIRONMENTAL
ISSUES OF KERALA

2. Kerala is a consumer state,
which consumed raw
materials that resulted
reduction in non renewable
resources and accumulation of
waste. Increase in population
coupled with rapid
urbanization, industrialization
and consumerism had lead to
extensive pollution of air
water and land.

3. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF KERALA
Deterioration Of Water quality
The major problems
associated with rivers and
open well is pollution. The
dumping of solid waste,
bathing, discharge of
affluent, law PH, high iron
etc also create problems.

4. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF KERALA
Ground water quality problem
In coastal areas in Kerala are faced
Ground water quality problems due to
the presence of excess salinity, high
fluoride hardness and coliforms, low
PH, high iron content, high total
dissolved soil and excess chloride
concentration. These are reported from
Palakkad, Eranakulam, Calicut, Kannur
and Alapuzha districts of Kerala.

5. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF KERALA
Death of rivers
In kerala, rivers are die due to many
reasons. They are:
Lack of rain
Deforestation
Mining of sands
Wet land filling
Use of fertilizers and pesticides.
Affluent from industries
Soil erosion
salination

6. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF KERALA
Uncontrolled sand mining
The main reason for destruction of
rivers ecology in kerala is
indiscriminate and uncontrolled sand
mining. All the 44 rivers in kerala are
facing these problems. When the sand is
removed from the river belt, it reduces
the availability of water in the well and
canals near to revers because of water
table down. Salinity is also a problem
due to sand mining.

7. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF KERALA
Coastal erosion
In Kerala almost 30% of the total
population lives in coastal areas.
About 2300 industries are
discharging affluent directly into
marine and fresh water bodies.
Infrastructural development
including ports and harbors, sand
mining etc also contribute to coastal
erosion.

8. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF KERALA
Deforestation
Kerala’s forests are under severe threats.
High population density, flawed state
decision in opening up for cultivation,
artificial fire etc are resulted distruction of
forest. As a result of deforestation, wild
animals are seriously effected and number
of forest animals become scarce. Change in
rain fall pattern reduce the water in rivers
and lead to drought condition even in water
rich areas. Increase in CO2 also lead to
global warming.

9. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF KERALA
Noise pollution
The causes of noise polution are due to automobiles and
industries. Noise from vehicles are severe in three major
cities of kerala. They are trivandram, cochin and calicut.
Loud noise are injurious to health.

10. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF KERALA
Plastic pollution
In kerala, there is
unprecedented increase in the
use of plastic. That cause
deadly pollution. The major
chemicals are highly toxic
and causes threat to public
health. Plastic burns release a
lot of chemical injurious for
living organism.

11. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF KERALA
Vehicular pollution
Increase in the vehicles contributed
to rise in air pollution. The motor
vehicles causes 60% of
atmospheric pollution. It resulted
diseases like head ache, lung
disease, vomiting heart disease etc.

12. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF KERALA
Loss of bio-diversity
The western ghatt region is the
one of the 24 biodiversity hot spot
in the whole world. The major
cause for the loss of biodiversity
is due to the degradation of native
agricultural eco system,
mechanized farming, large
conversation of agricultural land,
unregulated and illegal harvest,
forest fire, soil erosion etc.