The document summarizes three major environmental problems in Kazakhstan: 1) Radioactive contamination of territory from nuclear testing has caused health issues for people living nearby; 2) The shrinking of the Aral Sea due to diversion of water for irrigation has led to a chain of problems like land degradation and dust storms spreading chemicals; 3) Pollution of the Caspian Sea from oil and gas extraction risks becoming an environmental disaster if it further loses its ability to clean itself.

1. Ecology of
Kazakhstan

2. • INTRODUCTION
• Radioactive contamination of the territory
• The shoaling of the Aral Sea
• Pollution of the Caspian Sea
PLAN

3. INTRODUCTION
Since ancient times, people have had a negative impact on the
environment. Unfortunately, human activity and its development
leads to the degradation of the planet, as it requires the expenditure
of more resources. This affects the modern soil cover, atmospheric
and aquatic environment, as well as flora and fauna.
Ecologists and environmental activists have been sounding the
alarm for a long time, but, unfortunately, their arguments, do not
always remain heard. The environmental problems of Kazakhstan
arise for various reasons: due to population growth, the
development of industry, agricultural structures, the use of
transboundary rivers by other states, and much more. All this leads
to strong risks for the environment. Some problems arose during the
existence of the Soviet Union, others began to develop in our time.

4. Global environmental problems of Kazakhstan
Environmental problems in Kazakhstan «above the roof».
The main problems can be identified:
a. Radioactive contamination of the territory
b. Shallowing of the Aral Sea
c. Pollution of the Caspian Sea

5. Radioactive contamination of the territory
Nuclear tests caused irreparable
damage to people's health, causing an
increase in general morbidity and
mortality. In addition, people who lived
or live near the landfill have a higher
risk of developing cancer, circulatory
system diseases, malformations in
newborns, and the effects of
premature aging.

7. The shoaling of the Aral Sea
This problem is called an ecological catastrophe
for a reason, because it entailed a whole chain
of other problems. Collector-drainage waters
that came from the fields into the bed of the Syr
Darya and Amu Darya led to deposits of
pesticides and other agricultural pesticides. The
climate around the Aral Sea has become drier,
and chemicals and pesticides mixed with sea
salt and dust have become airborne during dust
storms.
All this led to a number of problems:
• subsidence and destruction of the coast;
• waterlogging of the soil;
• landslide development;
• destruction and retardation of the development of
natural vegetation and agricultural crops;
• creation of unfavorable conditions for fish breeding;
• death of green oases;
• extinction of some species of birds and animals.

9. Pollution of the Caspian Sea
The third problem is the pollution of the Caspian Sea due to oil
and gas production. This problem may eventually become
another environmental disaster in the future, causing several
chains of other environmental problems. Every year the
Caspian Sea loses its ability to clean itself. The extraction of oil
resources leads to the deterioration of the ecological situation.