This presentation belongs to civil engineering students

1. Safety Equipment and
Precautions
English for Civil
Engineering
Juvrianto CJ, S.Pd., M.Pd.

2. Safety is one of the most important thing to understand in civil
engineering. Safety is the responsibility of every person who works for the
company to take reasonable care for the safety of himself and other human
beings and the surroundings which may be affected by his acts or
omissions. The important thing to remember is that any working
environment is a potentially dangerous place. A safe attitude is essential
because it will help to guard against complacency, and create a productive
working environment for all, so it is crucial to be aware of the risks to health
and safety before an accident happens, and to take steps to remove or
control those risks.
That is the reason why an engineer should understand about safety, both in
workshop and in workplace. To keep an engineer safe in work, they should
learn and understand about safety equipment and precautions. In this case,
we will learn about standard safety precautions. Safety
precautions must be strictly adhered to because if they are not, some
employees can put other employees at risk.

3. VS

4. BASIC SAFETY
RULES
• Maintain regularly
• Inspect before use
• Use the right tool for the job
• Operate according to manufacturers’ instructions
• Use the right Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
• Use guarding

5. WHAT IS PPE?
Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE) is clothing or equipment
designed to protect workers from
physical hazards when on a worksite.
PPE should only be considered as a
last line of defense between a hazard
and the worker.

6. Basic Types of PPE
1. Head Protection
2. Face and Eye Protection
3. Foot Protection
4. Hands Protection
5. Body Protection
6. Hearing Protection
7. Fall Protection
8. Respiratory Protection

7. BASIC SAFETY
RULES
Accessories: Any thing that can be added to something
else in order to make it more useful, versatile, or attractive.
Safety materials: items used to prevent injury or
damage to someone or something

8. BASIC SAFETY
RULES
Equipment: supplies; items; instruments, tools or
other things needed for completing a specific task
Tools: A device, equipment or gadget, esp. one held in
the hand, that is used to perform or carry out a particular
task or function

9. The Importance of Protecting
Yourself
What can you
get from this
picture ?

10. HAND TOOLS -
PROTECTION
 Keep floor surface where working free from debris
and tripping or slipping hazards
 Keep cutting tools sharp
 Use tools as they were intended to be used
 Use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as
safety glasses and gloves
 PPE determined by Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

11. OSHA Office of Training and Education 9
Examples of PPEExamples of PPE
earplugs, earmuffsHearing
vestsBodies
glovesHands and arms
safety shoesFeet
hard hatsHead
face shieldsFace
safety glasses, gogglesEye
Body Part Protection

12. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT
OSHA Office of Training and Education 8
ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities
• Employer
Assess workplace for hazards
Provide PPE
Determine when to use
Provide PPE training for employees and
instruction in proper use
• Employee
Use PPE in accordance with training
received and other instructions
Inspect daily and maintain in a clean and
reliable condition

13. Power Tools
1. Must be fitted with guards and safety switches
2. Extremely hazardous when used improperly
3. Different types, determined by their power source:
 Electric
 Pneumatic
 Liquid fuel
 Hydraulic
 Powder-actuated

14. General Safety Guidelines for Power
Tools
Be aware of all power lines and electrical circuits, water
pipes, and other mechanical hazards in your work area,
particularly those below the work surface, hidden from the
operator's view, that may be contacted.
Wear proper apparel. Do not wear loose clothing, dangling
objects or jewelry. Long hair must be restrained. Gloves
should not be worn when operating certain power tools.
Check appropriate tool manuals.

15. Spark Resistant Tools
Around flammable substances, sparks produced by iron and steel
hand tools can be a dangerous ignition source. Where this
hazard exists, spark-resistant tools made from brass, plastic,
aluminum, or wood will provide for safety.

16. Most Dangerous Powered Hand
Tools
Table Saw

17. Most Dangerous Powered Hand
Tools
Chain Saw

18. Most Dangerous Powered Hand
Tools
Nail Gun

19. Most Dangerous Powered Hand
Tools
Circular Saw

20. Most Dangerous Powered Hand
Tools
Demolition Hammer

21. Switches
Hand-held power tools must be equipped
with one of the following:
Constant pressure switch
shuts off power upon release
Examples: circular saw, chain saw, grinder,
hand-held power drill
On-Off Switch
Examples: routers, planers, laminate
trimmers, shears, jig saws, nibblers, scroll
saws

22. Power Tools – Precautions (Electric Cords)
 Don’t carry portable tools by the cord
 Don’t use electric cords to hoist or lower
tools
 Don’t yank cord or hose to disconnect it
 Keep cords and hoses away from heat,
oil, and sharp edges
 Replace damaged cords immediately!

23. Power Tools – Precautions (Electric Cords)
Be safe !

24. Electric Power Tools
To protect a worker from shock, these tools must:
 have a 3-wire cord plugged into a grounded receptacle
 be double insulated, or
 be powered by a low-voltage isolation transformer
Double
insulated
markings Plug with a
grounding
pin

25. Electric Tools – Good
Practices
 Operate within design limits
 Use gloves and safety shoes
 Store in a dry place
 Don’t use in wet locations unless approved for that (use
GFCI)
 Keep work areas well lit
 Ensure cords don’t present a tripping hazard

26. Is this a good
practice?
NEVER EVER DO
THIS
IN WORKSHOP
OR
IN WORKPLACE

27. Abrasive Wheels and Tools
May throw off flying fragments
Equip with guards that:
 Cover the spindle end, nut, & flange projections
 Maintain proper alignment with the wheel
 Don’t exceed the strength of the fastenings

28. Inspecting Abrasive Wheels
Before mounting:
 inspect closely for damage
 perform sound- or ring-test to ensure free
from cracks and defects
To test:
 tap wheel gently with a light, non-metallic
instrument
 if wheel sounds cracked or dead, do not
use it because it could fly apart

29. Abrasive Wheel Use
To prevent cracking:
 Fit the wheel freely on the spindle
 Tighten the spindle nut enough to hold
the wheel in place without distorting the
flange
 Let the tool come up to speed prior to
grinding or cutting
 Don’t stand in front of the wheel as it
comes up to full speed
 Use eye and/or face protectionEnsure the spindle
speed doesn’t
exceed the maximum
speed marked on the

30. Abrasive Wheel Work Rests
Keep work rests not more than 1/8th
inch from wheel surface
This prevents jamming the work
between the wheel and the rest,
which may cause the wheel to break
Don’t adjust wheel while it’s rotating

31. Guarding
Guard exposed moving parts of
power tools
Guard belts, gears, shafts, pulleys,
sprockets, spindles, flywheels,
chains, or other moving parts
Never remove a guard when a tool is
in use

32. Guarding - Point of Operation
The point of operation is where the work is actually
performed on the materials – it must be guarded
This shows
a radial arm
saw
equipped
with proper
point of
operation
guards

33. Outdoor “Yard” Tools
 Read and Heed owners manual
 Guards in place
 Turn off to perform maintenance
or free jams/debris
 Wear PPE
 Proper plug in or fueling
procedures

34. SAFETY
REGULATIONS
The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999
Also known as the 'Management Regs', these came into effect in 1993. Main
employer duties under the Regulations include:
 making 'assessments of risk' to the health and safety of its workforce, and to
act upon risks they identify, so as to reduce them (Regulation 3);
 appointing competent persons to oversee workplace health and safety;
 providing workers with information and training on occupational health and
safety; and
 operating a written health and safety policy.

35. SAFETY
REGULATIONS
The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992
The main provisions of these Regulations require employers to provide:
 adequate lighting, heating, ventilation and workspace (and keep them in a
clean condition);
 staff facilities, including toilets, washing facilities and refreshment; and
 safe passageways, i.e. to prevent slipping and tripping hazards.

36. SAFETY
REGULATIONS
The Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992
The main provisions here apply to display screen equipment (DSE) 'users',
defined as workers who 'habitually' use a computer as a significant part of their
normal work. This includes people who are regular users of DSE equipment, or
rely on it as part of their job. This covers you if you use DSE for an hour or more
continuously, and/or you are making daily use of DSE.

37. SAFETY
REGULATIONS
The Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992
Employers are required to:
 make a risk assessment of workstation use by DSE users, and reduce the
risks identified;
 ensure DSE users take 'adequate breaks';
 provide regular eyesight tests;
 provide health and safety information;
 provide adjustable furniture (e.g. desk, chair, etc.); and
 demonstrate that they have adequate procedures designed to reduce risks
associated with DSE work, such as repetitive strain injury (RSI).

38. SAFETY
REGULATIONS
The Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992
The main provisions require employers to:
 ensure that suitable personal protective equipment (PPE) is provided free of
charge "wherever there are risks to health and safety that cannot be
adequately controlled in other ways." The PPE must be 'suitable' for the risk
in question, and include protective face masks and goggles, safety helmets,
gloves, air filters, ear defenders, overalls and protective footwear; and
 provide information, training and instruction on the use of this equipment.

39. SAFETY
REGULATIONS
The Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992
The main provisions of these Regulations require employers to:
 avoid (so far as is reasonably practicable) the need for employees to
undertake any manual handling activities involving risk of injury;
 make assessments of manual handling risks, and try to reduce the risk of
injury. The assessment should consider the task, the load and the individual's
personal characteristics (physical strength, etc.); and
 provide workers with information on the weight of each load.

40. SAFETY
REGULATIONS
The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998
The main provisions require employers to:
 ensure the safety and suitability of work equipment for the purpose for which
it is provided;
 properly maintain the equipment, irrespective of how old it is;
 provide information, instruction and training on the use of equipment; and
 protect employees from dangerous parts of machinery.

41. SAFETY
REGULATIONS
The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences
Regulations 1995
The following injuries or ill health must be reported:
 the death of any person;
 specified injuries including fractures, amputations, eye injuries, injuries from
electric shock, and acute illness requiring removal to hospital or immediate
medical attention;
 'over-seven-day' injuries, which involve relieving someone of their normal
work for more than seven days as a result of injury caused by an accident at
work;
 reportable occupational diseases, including:
 cramp of the hand or forearm due to repetitive movement;
 carpal tunnel syndrome, involving hand-held vibrating tools;
 occupational asthma;
 tendonitis or tenosynovitis (types of tendon injury);

42. SAFETY
REGULATIONS
The Working Time Regulations 1998 (as amended)
Key protections for adult workers include:
 a 48-hour maximum working week. Employers have a contractual obligation
not to require a worker to work more than an average 48-hour week (unless
the worker has opted out of this voluntarily and in writing);
 minimum daily rest periods of 11 hours, unless shift-working arrangements
have been made that comply with the Regulations; and
 an uninterrupted 20-minute daily rest break after six hours' work, to be taken
during, rather than at the start or end of the working time.

43. Reporting Accidents/Injuries
 First priority is to receive prompt
medical attention (call 911)
 Report all work-related accidents,
injuries or illnesses to your
supervisor
 Regardless of severity
 Paperwork to be filled out
 Incident Report
 Workers’ Compensation
Hospitalization must be reported immediately to
EHS&RM and no later than 8 hours from time of accident

44. Summary
Hazards are usually the result of improper tool use or not
following one or more of these protection techniques:
 Inspecting the tool before use
 Read Tool Owners Manual prior to use
 Using PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
 Using guards
 Properly storing and maintaining the tool
 Keep the workplace neat and free of clutter
 Using safe handling techniques