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ENTITY-RELATIONAL
MODEL
Thursday, October 27, 2016
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of the lesson I should be able to:
a.Define entities, attribute, and relationship
b.Identify objects around an entity sets and
relationship that exit between them
Entity-relationship is a graphical
representation of entities and their
relationship to each other.
Entity-relationship diagrams are used to:
1. Identify data that must be captured,
stored and retrieved in order to support
the business activities performed by an
organization and,
2. Identify the data required to drive and
report on the performance measures
that an organization should be
monitoring.
COMPONENTS OF ENTITY-
RELATIONSHIP
These components include:
1.Entities
2.Attributes
3.Relationship
ENTITIES
These are objects or concepts within the data
model.
ATTRIBUTES
An attribute is unique distinguishing
characteristic of an entity.
RELATIONSHIP
A relationship is an association among the
instances of one or more entity types that is of
interest to the organization. E.g.
1.Employees work in a department
2.Teachers teaches subjects
3.Lawyers advice clients
4.Equipment is allowed to project
5.Truck is a type of vehicle
CARDINALITY
The cardinality defines the relationship between
entities in terms of numbers.
Don’t write this (NB): The degree of
relationship (also known as cardinality) is the
number of occurrences in one entity which are
associated (or linked) to the number of
occurrences in another.
TYPES OF CARDINALITY
There are three cardinalities that can exit
between two entities:
1.One-to-one relationship (1:1)
2.One-to-many relationship (1:M)
3.Many-to-many relationship (M:N)
ONE-TO-ONE
RELATIONSHIP (1:1)
This is where one occurrence of an entity relates
to only one occurrence in another entity.
ONE-TO-MANY
RELATIONSHIP(1:M)
Is where one occurrence in an entity relates to
many occurrences in another entity.
MANY-TO-MANY (M:N)
This is where many occurrences in an entity relate
to many occurrences in another entity.
ASSIGNMENT
Read up the topic: “relational models” (see pages 71 to 81).

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Entity relationship model

  • 2. LEARNING OUTCOMES: At the end of the lesson I should be able to: a.Define entities, attribute, and relationship b.Identify objects around an entity sets and relationship that exit between them
  • 3. Entity-relationship is a graphical representation of entities and their relationship to each other. Entity-relationship diagrams are used to: 1. Identify data that must be captured, stored and retrieved in order to support the business activities performed by an organization and, 2. Identify the data required to drive and report on the performance measures that an organization should be monitoring.
  • 4. COMPONENTS OF ENTITY- RELATIONSHIP These components include: 1.Entities 2.Attributes 3.Relationship
  • 5. ENTITIES These are objects or concepts within the data model.
  • 6. ATTRIBUTES An attribute is unique distinguishing characteristic of an entity.
  • 7. RELATIONSHIP A relationship is an association among the instances of one or more entity types that is of interest to the organization. E.g. 1.Employees work in a department 2.Teachers teaches subjects 3.Lawyers advice clients 4.Equipment is allowed to project 5.Truck is a type of vehicle
  • 8. CARDINALITY The cardinality defines the relationship between entities in terms of numbers. Don’t write this (NB): The degree of relationship (also known as cardinality) is the number of occurrences in one entity which are associated (or linked) to the number of occurrences in another.
  • 9. TYPES OF CARDINALITY There are three cardinalities that can exit between two entities: 1.One-to-one relationship (1:1) 2.One-to-many relationship (1:M) 3.Many-to-many relationship (M:N)
  • 10. ONE-TO-ONE RELATIONSHIP (1:1) This is where one occurrence of an entity relates to only one occurrence in another entity.
  • 11. ONE-TO-MANY RELATIONSHIP(1:M) Is where one occurrence in an entity relates to many occurrences in another entity.
  • 12. MANY-TO-MANY (M:N) This is where many occurrences in an entity relate to many occurrences in another entity.
  • 13. ASSIGNMENT Read up the topic: “relational models” (see pages 71 to 81).