The document discusses various English verb tenses including the past simple, past continuous, past perfect, present simple, present continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous, future simple, future continuous, future perfect, and future perfect continuous. For each tense, it provides the form, uses, and examples to illustrate when and how to use that particular verb tense in English.

1. Tense System
Prepared by:
BUN Willy
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2. 1. Past Simple:
Past tense expresses an action or situation that was
started and finished in the past. The past tense is used:
- to talk about the past,
- to talk about hypothesis-things that are imagined
rather than time,
- and for politeness.
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3. Uses:
• Things that happened once in the past. For examples:
– I met my husband in 2015.
– We went to KomPong Soum on our holiday.
• Something that was true sometime in the past.
– I lived in KomPong Spour ten years ago.
– She played regularly tennis when she was young.
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4. • Something that happened again and again in the past.
– When I was 10, I walked a mile to school everyday.
– We swam a lot while we were on holiday.
• We often use phrase with “ago” in the past form,
– I met my friend for a long time ago.
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5. Form:
• Positive: [S+ Past Verb+ Obj]
– Tom lived in LA when he was a baby.
– He worked 12 hours a day when he was 20.
• Negative: We use “did + not” to make negative with
past tense: For examples:
– They didn’t go to Spain last year.
– We didn’t get home until late night.
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6. • Question: we use “did” to form question: For
examples:
– Did you live abroad in 2005?
– Who discovered Penicillin?
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7. 2. Past Continuous:
The past continuous is a form of past tense of
“be” with “–ing” form of the verb.
Form:
[ S+ was/were+ verb-ing+ obj]
[ Was/Were+ S+ verb-ing+?]
[ S+ was/were+ not+ verb-ing]
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8. Uses:
• For something which interrupted anther action in the
past.
– When I got home, the children were doing their homework.
• It’s also used to begin a story.
– Last week as I was driving to work. It happened that…
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9. • For something that happened before and after a
particular time:
– It was eight o’clock; I was writing a letter.
Compare:
– At eight o’clock, I wrote some letters.
• To show something that happening again and again
– I was practicing everyday, three time a day.
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10. 3. Past Perfect
Use:
• When we talk about something that happened before
something else in the past.
– Mary rang John at 8:15 yesterday, but he had already left
home.
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11. 3. Past Perfect
Compare:
– James had cooked breakfast when we got up.
– James cooked breakfast when we got up.
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12. 4. Past Perfect Continuous [Englishpage.com]
Uses:
• Duration Before Something in the Past
– They had been talking for over an hour before Tony
arrived.
– She had been working at that company for three years
when it went out of business.
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13. 4. Past Perfect Continuous [Englishpage.com]
Uses:
• Cause of Something in the Past
– Jason was tired because he had been jogging.
– Sam gained weight because he had been overeating.
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14. 4. Past Perfect Continuous [Englishpage.com]
Compare:
• Past Continuous vs. Past Perfect Continuous
– He was tired because he was exercising so hard.
– He was tired because he had been exercising so hard.
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15. 1. Present Simple [Englishpage.com]
Uses:
• Repeated Actions
– I play football.
– She does not play tennis..
• Facts or Generalizations
– California is not in the United Kingdom.
– Windows are made of glass.
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16. 1. Present Simple [Englishpage.com]
Uses:
• Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)
– She is not here now.
– He needs help right now.
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17. 2. Present Continuous [M. Parrott (2000). Grammar for English
Language Teachers, page190]
Uses:
• Temporary events and actions:
– Sssh, she is sleeping.
– Attention please! We are doing presentation.
• Changing and development states
– Global temperature are increasing rapidly.
– Kids are growing so fast.
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18. • Irritating Actions
– They’re forever asking me to visit them.
– She’s always asking questions.
• Near Future
– I am not going to the party tonight.
– Is he visiting his parents next week.
• Thing happening now.
– We’re studying Core English.
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19. 3. Present Perfect Simple [M. Parrott (2000). Grammar for English
Language Teachers, page239]
Uses:
• Recently finished actions or Completed result.
– I’ve already painted the wall blue.
• Something has done several times in the past and
continue to do [LearningEnglish]
– I’ve played the guitar ever since I was a teenager.
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20. 3. Present Perfect Simple [M. Parrott (2000). Grammar for English
Language Teachers, page239]
Uses:
• After the (first, second, etc.) time
– Is this the first time she has flown?
• Talk about experience up to the present [LearningEnglish]
– I’ve known about inspection for weeks
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21. 4. Present Perfect Continuous [M. Parrott (2000). Grammar for English
Language Teachers, page237]
Uses:
• State verb (Like and want)
– I’ve been wanting to have an opportunity to talk to you.
• It can refer to an action that has not finished. [English Grammar
Secret]
– I’ve been using the swimming pool since we moved into the
district.
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22. 4. Present Perfect Continuous [M. Parrott (2000). Grammar for
English Language Teachers, page239]
Uses:
• We can use it to refer to an action that has finished
but you can still see evidence.
– Oh, the kitchen is a mess. Who has been cooking?
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23. 1. Future Simple
Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will"
and "be going to.”
Uses:
• "Will" often suggests that a speaker will do
something voluntarily.
– I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
– Will you make dinner?
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24. 1. Future Simple
Uses:
• "Will" to Express a Promise
– I will call you when I arrive.
– I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
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25. 1. Future Simple
Uses:
• "Be going to" to express a Plan. It expresses the idea that
a person intends to do something in the future, and does
not matter whether the plan is realistic or not.
– Michelle is going to begin medical school next year.
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26. 1. Future Simple
Uses:
• "Will" or "Be Going to" to Express a Prediction.
– The year 2222 will be a very interesting year.
– The year 2222 is going to be a very interesting year.
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27. 2. Future Continuous
Future Continuous has two different forms: "will
be doing " and "be going to be doing." Unlike Simple
Future forms, Future Continuous forms are usually
interchangeable.
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28. 2. Future Continuous
Uses:
• Interrupted Action in the Future
– I will be watching TV when she arrives tonight.
– I will be waiting for you when your bus arrives.
Notice: you cannot use future tenses in time clauses.
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29. 2. Future Continuous
Uses:
• Specific Time as an Interruption in the Future
– Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to be eating dinner.
– At midnight tonight, we will still be driving through the
desert.
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30. 2. Future Continuous
Uses:
• Parallel Actions in the Future
– I am going to be studying and he is going to be making
dinner.
– Tonight, they will be eating dinner, discussing their plans,
and having a good time.
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31. 3. Future Perfect
Uses: [Englishpage.com]
• Completed Action Before Something in the Future
– I am not going to have finished this test by 3 o'clock.
– By next November, I will have received my promotion.
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32. 3. Future Perfect
Uses: [Englishpage.com]
• Duration Before Something in the Future (Non-
Continuous Verbs)
– I will have been in London for six months by the time I
leave.
– By Monday, Susan is going to have had my book for a
week.
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33. 3. Future Perfect Continuous
Uses: [Englishpage.com]
• to show that something will continue up until a
particular event or time in the future (How long.)
– They will have been talking for over an hour by the time
Thomas arrives.
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34. 3. Future Perfect Continuous
Uses: [Englishpage.com]
• Cause of Something in the Future
– Jason will be tired when he gets home because he will have
been jogging for over an hour.
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35. 1. Englishpage.com:
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/futureperfectcontinuous.html
2. Englishpage.com:
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/futureperfect.html
3. Englishpage.com:
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentcontinuous.html
4. Englishpage.com:
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/simplepresent.html
5. Englishpage.com:
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/pastperfectcontinuous.html
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36. 6. Martine Parrott (2000). Grammar for English Language Teachers: The
Present, page 188. United Kingdom, University Press, Cambridge.
7. Martine Parrott (2000). Grammar for English Language Teachers: The
Present Perfect, page 235. United Kingdom, University Press, Cambridge.
8. LearnEnglish: (Present Perfect):
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/verbs/present-
tense/present-perfect
9. English Grammar Secret: Present Perfect Continuous:
(https://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/presentperfectcontinuous/menu.
php)
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