The document discusses different types of batteries, including primary batteries that are not rechargeable and secondary batteries that are rechargeable. It provides examples of the lead acid battery, a secondary battery, and dry cells, a primary battery. It describes the basic components of cells, including electrodes, electrolyte, and separators. It also covers how batteries can be connected in series or parallel configurations and the chemical reactions that occur during charging and discharging of batteries. The document discusses new types of flexible paper batteries and applications of lithium batteries in wearable electronics and other innovative devices.

1. Created by,

2. A Cell Or Connected Group Of Cells That Converts
Chemical Energy Into Electrical Energy By Reversible
Chemical Reactions And That May Be Recharged By
Passing A Current Through It In The Direction Opposite
To That Of Its Discharge – Called Also Storage Cell.
THE BATTERY

3. HISTORY/BACKGROUND

4. TYPES OF BATTERIES
The primary battery
The secondary battery

5. The secondary battery must first be charged with electrical
energy before it can convert chemical energy to electrical
energy . It is rechargeable.
Example-Lead Acid Battery
The primary battery converts chemical energy to
electrical energy directly, using the chemical materials within
the cell to start the action. It is not rechargeable.
Example-Dry Cell
THE PRIMARY BATTERY
THE SECONDARY BATTERY

6. Uses An electrolytic paste.
The electrolytic paste reacts with
the electrodes to produce a
negative charge on one
electrode and a positive charge
on the other.
The difference of potential
between the two Electrodes is
the output voltage.
DRY CELL

7.  A Hard plastic container.
 Positive and negative internal plates made of
lead.
 Plate separators made of porous synthetic
material.
 Electrolyte, a dilute solution of sulfuric acid
and water, better known as battery acid.
 Lead terminals, the connection point between
the battery and whatever it powers.
LEAD ACID BATTERY

8. Positive electrode
Negative electrode
Electrolyte
Separator
CELLS

9. Series circuits, the total voltage is
equal to the sum of the individual
voltages. The current is constant.
Parallel circuits, the voltage is
constant. The current is equal to the
sum of the individual currents
OHM’S LAW
R=V/I

10. SERIES CONNECTED BATTERIES
a. Positive terminal of one
cell is connected to the
negative terminal of the
next, is called a series
connected battery.
b. The voltage of this type
of battery is the sum of a
individual cell voltages.

11. PARALLEL CONNECTED
BATTERIES
o Connect the negative
terminal from one cell
to the negative of the
next cell
o Connect the positive
terminal to the positive
terminal, is parallel
connected.
o Voltage remains
constant and the
current is cumulative.

12. Negative plate reaction:
PbSO4(s) + H+(aq) + 2-e → Pb(s) + HSO4(aq)
Positive plate reaction:
PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l) → PbO2(s) + HSO4(aq) +
3H+(aq) + 2e
The total reaction can be written:
2PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l) → Pb(s) + PbO2(s) +
2H2SO4(aq)
CHARGING

13. Negative plate reaction:
Pb(s) + HSO4(aq) → PbSO4(s) + H+(aq) + 2-e
Positive plate reaction:
PbO2(s) + HSO4(aq) + 3H+(aq) + 2-e →
PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l)
The total reaction can be written:
Pb(s) + PbO2(s) + 2H2SO4(aq) → 2PbSO4(s) +
2H2O(l)
DISCHARGING

14. • Clean Battery Terminals.
• Attach clamps to the battery in
proper polarity.
• Keep open flames and sparks away
from battery.
• Ventilate the battery well while
charging.
CHARGING

15. WHY ADD ELECTRONICS TO
BATTERIES?
REQUIRED ELECTRONICS ON NEW CHEMISTRIES:
Energy density has increased with each advancement in chemistry making cells less
stable.
Requiring:
– Safety circuits
– Cell balancing
– Secondary safeties

16. Added Value
Electronics:
Wireless Power (charging)
Using the Qi (inductive power
standard),Epec can embed
wireless charging electronics
in your battery to work with
off-the-shelf wireless charging
Pads that already exist, or
develop a custom pad for your
product.

17. BUILD TO PRINT ELECTRONICS

18. PAPER BATTERY
 Battery takes large
amount of space and
consumes more weight.
 researchers show interest
in Ultrathin, Flexible ,
safe energy storage
device.
 Nano scale.
INTRODUCTION

19. CARBON NANO TUBES
 A carbon Nanotube is a tube-
shaped material, made of carbon,
diameter measures on the
nanometer scale also known as
Bucky tubes.
 A nanometer is one billionth of the
meter.
 Carbon Nanotubes have many
structures, differing in length,
thickness, and in the type of felicity
and number of layers.

20. STRUCTURE OF PAPER
BATTERY

21. APPLICATION

22. PRINTABLE BATTERY
Imprint Energy
Founded in 2010
Develop zinc-based
rechargeable battery
technology

23.  Bendable Electronics
 LG and Samsung
 Flexible phones and
watches
CUSTOMER SELECTION

24. CUSTOMER SELECTION
 Bioelectronics
 MC10
Medical patch
Digital Health

26. WEARABLE ELECTRONICS

27. CONSTRUCTION ON
LITHIUM BATTERY

28. LITHIUM BATTERY

29. LITHIUM BATTERY
APPLICATIONS

30. NEW INNOVATIVE DEVICES