The Tehran Conference of 1943 established that: - The USA and Britain would open a second front against Germany to relieve pressure on the USSR - The USSR would declare war on Japan once Germany was defeated. The Yalta Conference of 1945 made plans for: - Dividing Germany into occupied zones after the war - Banning the Nazi party and trying war criminals in an international court - Establishing the UN to replace the League of Nations. The Potsdam Conference of 1945 further outlined: - Dividing Germany into four zones administered by the USA, USSR, Britain and France with the goal of reunifying the country. - Also dividing Berlin into four zones despite it lying

1. Tehran Conference:
1943
• The USA and Britain would open a
second front to split the German
defenses and take some of the
pressure off the USSR
• The USSR would declare war on
Japan once Germany was defeated

3. And when he gets to Heaven
To St. Peter he will tell:
'One more Marine reporting, Sir — I've served my time in Hell.'
Sgt. James A. Donahue
First Marine Division

4. Casualties by Alliance

5. Casualties by Alliance

7. •What were some aspects
of the Treaty of Versailles
that should NOT be
repeated in drafting a
peace settlement for
WW2?

8. Yalta Conference:
1945
• Plans were begun for how Germany
would be divided after the war
• The Nazi party would be banned and
war criminals tried in front of an
international court
• A United Nations Organization (UN)
would be set up to replace the League of
Nations. It would meet for the first time
on 25th April 1945
• The USSR would declare war on Japan
three months after the defeat of
Germany

9. Potsdam Conference:
1945
• Germany would be divided into
four zones, to be administered
by the USA, the USSR, Britain
and France, with the aim of re-
uniting it under one government
as soon as possible
• Berlin, Germany's capital, would
be divided into four in the same
way as Germany, despite it
being deep in the USSR's zone

11. War Crimes Trials
• Nuremberg Trials
• Series of trials in 1945 conducted
by an International Military
Tribunal in which former Nazi
leaders were charged with
crimes against peace, crimes
against humanity, and war
crimes.

12. Nuremberg Trials
• Who of the Nazi’s should be punished?
• Who should decide their guilt or innocence?
• What types of punishment might they
receive?
• Given the high civilian casualties of the war,
should other people be punished other than
the Nazis?

13. Indictment 1:
Common plan or conspiracy
a. Forming the Nazi Party as the
instrument of cohesion for bringing the
conspirators together
b. Shaping the aims and purposes of
the Nazi Party so that it resorted to war
to overthrow the Treaty of Versailles
c. Avoiding disarmament
d. e. g. Collaborating with Italy and
Japan

14. Indictment 2:
Crimes against the peace
a. Violating international
treaties agreements, and
assurances

15. Indictment 3:
War crimes
Violating the laws or customs of war:
a. Murdering
b. Deporting persons to become slave-
laborers
c. Ill-treating prisoners of war
d. Killing hostages
e. Plundering public or private property
f. Wantonly destroying cities, towns, or
villages or causing other devastation not
justified by military necessity

16. Indictment 4:
Crimes against humanity
a. Murdering, exterminating, enslaving,
deporting, and committing other inhumane
acts against any urban population before or
during the war
b. Persecuting persons on political, racial, or
religious grounds, disregarding whether or not
the persons had violated a domestic law of
the country in which supposed “crimes” were
committed.

18. Joachim von Ribbentrop
• My last wish is that
Germany realize its
entity and that an
understanding be
reached between the
East and the West. I
wish peace to the
world.
• Hanged

19. Wilhelm Keitel
• I call on God Almighty
to have mercy on the
German people. More
than 2 million German
soldiers went to their
death for the
fatherland before me. I
follow now my sons-
all for Germany.
• Hanged

20. Ernst Kaltenbrunner
• I have loved my German
people and my fatherland
with a warm heart. I have
done my duty by the laws
of my people and am
sorry my people were led
this time by men who were
not soldiers and that
crimes were committed of
which I had no knowledge.
• Hanged

21. Hans Frank
• I am thankful for the
kind of treatment
during my captivity
and I ask God to
accept me with
mercy.
• Hanged, allegedlly
wearing a smile

22. Alfred Rosenberg
• No.
• Hanged

23. Wilhelm Frick
• Long live eternal
Germany.
• Hanged

24. Fritz Sauckel
• I am dying innocent.
The sentence is
wrong. God protect
Germany and make
Germany great
again. Long live
Germany! God
protect my family!
• Hanged

25. Alfred Jodl
• My greeting to you,
my Germany.
• Hanged

26. Arthur Seyss-Inquart
• I hope that this
execution is that last
act of tragedy of the
Second World War
and the lesson take
from this world war will
be that peace and
understanding should
exist between peoples.
I believe in Germany.
• Hanged

27. Julius Streicher
• The Bolsheviks will
hang you one day.
• Hanged

28. Herman Goering
“I would have no
objection
to getting shot.” But
he thought hanging
was inappropriate for
a man of his position.
Committed suicide

29. Debrief Nuremberg Trials
• Should there be international standards or rules
for the conduct of war?
• Should there be international standards for
human rights?
• Who and how would they be enforced?
• What should the U.S. and other countries’
response be to the abuse of prisoners in Iraq,
Afghanistan and other countries?
• How has it changed international perception of us
and what long term effects might there be?