The document analyzes the various motives that European imperial powers had for colonizing Africa in the late 19th century. The motives included economic factors like exploiting African labor and natural resources for profit and controlling trade; ideological factors such as believing in European superiority and seeking to spread Christian and European values and customs; political goals like desiring to control African territories and gain international power; and exploratory drives to venture into unknown lands. Religious motives also included spreading Christian values and education.

1. Analyzing Imperial Motives

3. Image: A
Open-shaft diamond mining in South Africa.
Economic: African labor, exploiting natural resources for profit
Ideological: Europeans treating Africans as inferior

4. Image B
A Methodist Sunday School, Angola
Religious: Europeans spreading Christian values and education
Ideological: teaching European customs and beliefs

5. IMAGE C
“The Rhodes Colossus” showing Cecil Rhodes vision of making Africa “all
British from Cape to Cairo,” 1892
Political: desire to control Africa, winning colonies, military presence
Exploratory: venturing into unknown lands

6. Image: D
Africans bringing ivory to the wagons in South Africa
Economic: Collecting African resources

7. IMAGE E
King Leopold II, coiled around Congo natives
Economical: controlling the rubber trade for European machines

8. IMAGE F
Advertisement for
Pear’s Soap from
1890’s
Ideological:
European superiority,
“civilize” captured
peoples, cleanse
“dark corners”
Economical: boats
transporting goods,
ad to sell

9. IMAGE: G
British Lipton Tea ad in the 1890s
Economic: from Ceylon to London, use of indigenous labor
Political: gaining international power through trade

10. IMAGE: H
Victims of Famine
Economical: Cotton is King

11. Image: I
The scramble for Africa
ALL THE SYMBOLS!