The War Begins to Change for Germany
By fall 1942 - 1943, the Germans and USSR fought for control of Stalingrad, which resulted in a German loss. From 1943 - 1945, the Germans were on the defensive and the USSR slowly re-conquered its territory at heavy losses. North Africa and Italy fell to the Allies from 1942 - 1943. The Allies invaded Italy in 1943 and Italy surrendered, with Germany controlling Northern Italy until the end of the war in 1945.
The Cold War progressed from the 1943 Tehran Conference between Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. Key events included the establishment of opposing spheres of influence in post-war Europe, the Marshall Plan and formation of NATO, the Berlin Blockade and airlift, the Cuban Missile Crisis, escalation of arms race, Vietnam War, and Gorbachev's reforms of perestroika and glasnost leading to the collapse of Soviet control over Eastern Europe and end of the USSR. Throughout this period, the US and USSR established rival military alliances and faced off over the spread of communism around the world.
General Dwight D. Eisenhower addressed troops preparing to invade France in June 1944. The document provides an overview of World War II from 1939 to 1945, covering major events such as Hitler's lightning conquest of Europe, Japan's attacks in the Pacific, the Holocaust, key Allied victories, and the devastation left in Europe and Japan at the war's conclusion. It uses sections, charts, maps and images to summarize the major military campaigns and turning points on both the Eastern and Western Fronts over the course of the six-year global conflict.
The Cold War began after World War 2 and lasted from 1945 to 1991. It represented the ideological battle between capitalism as led by the United States and its NATO allies, and communism as led by the Soviet Union and its Warsaw Pact allies. This geopolitical conflict included espionage, propaganda, arms races like the Space Race, and proxy wars in countries like Korea and Vietnam. The building and later fall of the Berlin Wall symbolized rising tensions and the eventual decline of Soviet power over Eastern Europe.
The Cold War began as tensions emerged between the United States and Soviet Union after World War II. They emerged as the two dominant world powers with opposing ideologies - the US advocated democracy and capitalism while the Soviet Union followed a communist system. This ideological rivalry led to an arms race and proxy wars as each nation sought to increase its security and spread its influence.
The origins of the Cold War began in 1945 due to differences in ideology between the Soviet Union and Western allies like the US and UK. The Soviets established communist control over Eastern Europe, while the West allied under NATO. Germany was divided, and tensions increased as both sides sought to prevent the other from gaining more global influence through espionage, the arms race, and competing economic systems. This division was symbolized by the Berlin Wall, erected in 1961 to stop East Berliners from fleeing to the West. Reforms under Gorbachev in the 1980s weakened Soviet control until the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, leading to German reunification and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, ending the Cold War.
The two ideologies in conflict during the Cold War were:
- Capitalism/democracy as represented by the United States and its allies
- Communism/dictatorship as represented by the Soviet Union and its allies
The Cold War was the ideological struggle between these two superpowers after World War II as they competed for global influence and promoted their opposing economic and political systems. While they never directly fought each other, they engaged in espionage, propaganda, and proxy wars around the world as part of this ideological battle.
The document provides information about the origins and impact of the Cold War. It discusses how after WWII, tensions grew between the Western allies (US, UK, France) and the Soviet Union over the political and economic systems in Eastern Europe. This led to the division of Europe and Germany into capitalist and communist spheres of influence separated by the Iron Curtain. Over time, the US and USSR built up opposing military alliances (NATO and Warsaw Pact) and stockpiles of nuclear weapons in a tense standoff known as the Cold War, which impacted global politics until the Soviet Union's collapse in 1991.
After World War 2, Germany was divided into four zones that were controlled by the United States, France, Britain, and the Soviet Union. This led to the creation of two German states, with East Germany becoming a communist country allied with the USSR while West Germany was a democratic and capitalistic country allied with the United States and other Western nations. Thus began the Cold War, where the US and Western nations faced off against the communist Eastern Bloc led by the Soviet Union in an ideological battle between capitalism and communism that lasted over 40 years without direct military conflict.
The Cold War progressed from the 1943 Tehran Conference between Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. Key events included the establishment of opposing spheres of influence in post-war Europe, the Marshall Plan and formation of NATO, the Berlin Blockade and airlift, the Cuban Missile Crisis, escalation of arms race, Vietnam War, and Gorbachev's reforms of perestroika and glasnost leading to the collapse of Soviet control over Eastern Europe and end of the USSR. Throughout this period, the US and USSR established rival military alliances and faced off over the spread of communism around the world.
General Dwight D. Eisenhower addressed troops preparing to invade France in June 1944. The document provides an overview of World War II from 1939 to 1945, covering major events such as Hitler's lightning conquest of Europe, Japan's attacks in the Pacific, the Holocaust, key Allied victories, and the devastation left in Europe and Japan at the war's conclusion. It uses sections, charts, maps and images to summarize the major military campaigns and turning points on both the Eastern and Western Fronts over the course of the six-year global conflict.
The Cold War began after World War 2 and lasted from 1945 to 1991. It represented the ideological battle between capitalism as led by the United States and its NATO allies, and communism as led by the Soviet Union and its Warsaw Pact allies. This geopolitical conflict included espionage, propaganda, arms races like the Space Race, and proxy wars in countries like Korea and Vietnam. The building and later fall of the Berlin Wall symbolized rising tensions and the eventual decline of Soviet power over Eastern Europe.
The Cold War began as tensions emerged between the United States and Soviet Union after World War II. They emerged as the two dominant world powers with opposing ideologies - the US advocated democracy and capitalism while the Soviet Union followed a communist system. This ideological rivalry led to an arms race and proxy wars as each nation sought to increase its security and spread its influence.
The origins of the Cold War began in 1945 due to differences in ideology between the Soviet Union and Western allies like the US and UK. The Soviets established communist control over Eastern Europe, while the West allied under NATO. Germany was divided, and tensions increased as both sides sought to prevent the other from gaining more global influence through espionage, the arms race, and competing economic systems. This division was symbolized by the Berlin Wall, erected in 1961 to stop East Berliners from fleeing to the West. Reforms under Gorbachev in the 1980s weakened Soviet control until the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, leading to German reunification and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, ending the Cold War.
The two ideologies in conflict during the Cold War were:
- Capitalism/democracy as represented by the United States and its allies
- Communism/dictatorship as represented by the Soviet Union and its allies
The Cold War was the ideological struggle between these two superpowers after World War II as they competed for global influence and promoted their opposing economic and political systems. While they never directly fought each other, they engaged in espionage, propaganda, and proxy wars around the world as part of this ideological battle.
The document provides information about the origins and impact of the Cold War. It discusses how after WWII, tensions grew between the Western allies (US, UK, France) and the Soviet Union over the political and economic systems in Eastern Europe. This led to the division of Europe and Germany into capitalist and communist spheres of influence separated by the Iron Curtain. Over time, the US and USSR built up opposing military alliances (NATO and Warsaw Pact) and stockpiles of nuclear weapons in a tense standoff known as the Cold War, which impacted global politics until the Soviet Union's collapse in 1991.
After World War 2, Germany was divided into four zones that were controlled by the United States, France, Britain, and the Soviet Union. This led to the creation of two German states, with East Germany becoming a communist country allied with the USSR while West Germany was a democratic and capitalistic country allied with the United States and other Western nations. Thus began the Cold War, where the US and Western nations faced off against the communist Eastern Bloc led by the Soviet Union in an ideological battle between capitalism and communism that lasted over 40 years without direct military conflict.
Sec 4N Hist (Elec) Chapter 6: War in the Asia-Pacific (Japan)Weng Lun Ho
Japan felt compelled to wage war in the Asia-Pacific region for several reasons. It had long-held ambitions of establishing itself as a powerful empire with colonies across Asia. Additionally, Japan was experiencing economic and population crises at home. The militarists in power saw expansion across Asia as a solution. When the League of Nations failed to check Japan's aggression in Manchuria, it emboldened further expansion. As European powers focused on war in Europe, Japan saw an opportunity to replace their colonies in the region. Trade sanctions by the US pushed Japan towards war to secure resources. In 1941, Japan launched attacks across the Asia-Pacific in an attempt to establish greater colonial control and deter US interference.
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and Soviet Union from 1947 to 1991. It started with the breakdown of the alliance between the US, Britain, and USSR after WWII and developed into a rivalry between capitalist and communist ideologies. The world divided into two opposing camps led by the two superpowers, and several proxy wars were fought globally without direct conflict between the US and USSR. The Cold War ended with the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 due to economic inefficiencies and internal political pressures.
The document summarizes the key causes and events of World War II from 1939 to 1945. It discusses the six main causes, including dissatisfaction with the Treaty of Versailles in Germany, the rise of fascism in Germany and Italy under Hitler and Mussolini, the policy of appeasement by European nations, Japan's invasion of China, the failure of the League of Nations to prevent aggression, and Hitler's invasion of Poland in 1939. It then outlines the major military campaigns and battles between the Allied and Axis powers, culminating in the US atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 that led to Japan's surrender, ending WWII.
1. Tensions between Japan and Western powers like the US and its unequal treatment of Japan after World War 1 emboldened Japanese nationalism and militarism.
2. Japan's invasion of Manchuria in 1931 and China in 1937 despite international condemnation further increased tensions with the US.
3. US embargoes on trade with Japan in 1940 due to its occupation of French Indochina and alliance with Germany led Japan to launch a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, drawing the US into World War 2 in the Asia-Pacific.
The Cold War began in 1945 after World War 2 between the United States and its allies, and the Soviet Union and its allies. This led to the formation of opposing military alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact and tensions including arms races and proxy wars. It also resulted in Soviet espionage efforts in the West through spies like the Cambridge Five who betrayed secrets to Moscow. The Cold War lasted over 45 years until the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s.
The document provides an overview of major events and developments during the Cold War era in the United States from 1945 to the late 1980s. It discusses the emergence of the Cold War rivalry with the Soviet Union, the spread of communism, conflicts like the Korean War and Vietnam War, civil rights movement, space race, and events that led to the fall of the Soviet Union and end of the Cold War.
The document summarizes the origins and early events of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union. It discusses how tensions grew between the former World War 2 allies over the fate of liberated countries in Europe. This led to the USSR tightening control over Eastern Europe and installing communist governments, while the US sought to contain the spread of communism and support democratic states. The document outlines several early flashpoints like Iran, Turkey, and Greece, which demonstrated the emerging geopolitical rivalry that became the Cold War.
During the Cold War era from 1956 to 1960, the political dynamics of several countries in Asia and the Middle East are discussed. Pakistan established its 1956 constitution and had several prime ministers until Ayub Khan imposed martial law in 1958. Iran was a monarchy led by the Shah while Saudi Arabia was also a monarchy adhering to strict Islamic laws. Afghanistan and India both had monarchies and democracies respectively. China was under communist rule of Mao Zedong while the Soviet Union was led by Nikita Khrushchev. The US was led by President Eisenhower as a capitalist democracy. The foreign relations between these countries and blocs during the Cold War are also outlined.
This document provides an overview of Germany's history from 1919 to 1945, beginning with the Treaty of Versailles after WWI and the restrictions it placed on Germany. It then discusses the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party, key events of WWII such as Germany's invasions and alliances, major battles on the Eastern and Western Fronts, and the Holocaust. The document uses text and images to present information on Germany under Hitler and the key political and military developments of WWII.
The Cold War began after World War 2 and lasted from 1945 to 1991. It represented the ideological battle between capitalism led by the United States and its NATO allies, and communism led by the Soviet Union and its Warsaw Pact allies. There was an arms race between the two sides including nuclear weapons and the space race. The US and USSR also fought several proxy wars in Korea and Vietnam in an attempt to contain the spread of the other's ideology. Tensions escalated during events like the Berlin Blockade, Cuban Missile Crisis, and Vietnam War, though the two superpowers never engaged in direct military conflict. The Cold War ended in the late 1980s with reforms in the Soviet Union under Gorbachev that led to the
The document summarizes key events in the lead up to and during World War II. It describes how fascist dictators like Mussolini and Hitler rose to power in Italy and Germany in the 1920s-1930s. It then outlines the expansion of German and Italian influence across Europe and Asia in the late 1930s, as well as Japan's growing imperialism, which increased tensions and ultimately led to the outbreak of WWII when Germany invaded Poland in 1939. The summary traces the major military campaigns and battles between the Allied and Axis powers across Europe, North Africa, the Pacific, and Eastern Front until the final surrender of Germany and Japan in 1945, ending the most devastating war in history.
The postwar world saw the establishment of the United Nations and trials of Nazi war criminals. The USSR established communist governments in Eastern Europe, creating an "Iron Curtain". The US aided in rebuilding Western Europe and Japan through the Marshall Plan. The Cold War began as tensions rose between the US and USSR. Many former colonies gained independence, but conflicts emerged in areas like Israel, Korea, and Vietnam.
The document provides details on areas controlled by Japan during WWII as well as areas attacked but not conquered. It lists the specific dates that various regions in Asia and the Pacific fell under Japanese control. It also provides background information on Japan in the 1920s-30s and key events leading up to the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, including the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, incidents in China, and Japan's alliance with Germany and Italy.
The document provides an overview of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union from 1945 to 1991. It discusses how communism spread after World War 2 and the tensions that arose. Key events of the Cold War included the Berlin Blockade, NATO and Warsaw Pact alliances, the Korean War, Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam War, and arms race between the two superpowers. The Soviet Union's economy struggled to keep up militarily and politically with the US, leading to its fall in the late 1980s.
Italy was displeased with the outcome of WWI and the Treaty of Versailles. In 1922, Benito Mussolini and his fascist party took control of Italy in the March on Rome. Mussolini established a fascist government with himself as dictator. He invaded Ethiopia in 1935 in violation of treaties. In the late 1930s, Mussolini allied Italy with Nazi Germany and joined World War II on Germany's side. However, Italy was not well-prepared for war and suffered major losses and defeats. Mussolini was eventually overthrown and killed by Italian resistance forces in 1945.
The Vietnam War began in 1954 after France lost control of Vietnam to Ho Chi Minh's Viet Minh forces. The country was divided along the 17th parallel, with a communist government in North Vietnam led by Ho Chi Minh and a capitalist government in South Vietnam led by Ngo Dinh Diem. The U.S. initially provided aid to South Vietnam but became increasingly involved in the conflict throughout the 1960s. Heavy U.S. bombing and ground troop deployment failed to defeat North Vietnam and its allies in the South. The Tet Offensive in 1968 marked a turning point that turned U.S. public opinion against the war. The last U.S. troops withdrew in 1973 as North Vietnam defeated South Vietnam in
This document provides an overview of the major events and campaigns that led to victory in Europe for the Allies against Nazi Germany between 1942-1945. It discusses key figures like General Dwight Eisenhower and campaigns in North Africa, Italy, the Soviet Union, and Western Europe. It describes major battles like Stalingrad, D-Day, and the Battle of the Bulge. It also summarizes the final push by the Soviets towards Berlin in 1945 and Germany's unconditional surrender on May 6th, 1945, marking the end of the war in Europe.
Causes of world war ii presentation a e embed versionMrsBrownMEH
Political and economic conditions following WWI led to the rise of fascism in Europe and worldwide economic depression. This political instability resulted in fascist dictators like Hitler in Germany and Mussolini in Italy threatening peace in Europe and Asia. As conflict grew, American foreign policy initially favored neutrality but evolved to providing economic aid to allies through acts like Lend-Lease. Japan's increasing aggression in Asia raised tensions with the U.S., which responded with embargoes, until Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 brought America into WWII fighting on two fronts in both Europe and the Pacific.
The document is a presentation from a community forum about developing a master plan for Pleasure Beach Park in Bridgeport, Connecticut. The presentation includes: an introduction from local officials; an overview of the park's existing conditions, environmental factors, and safety issues; the goals and objectives of developing a master plan; a proposed scope of work and timeline; and a discussion of preliminary ideas for park facilities, community needs, and anticipated challenges. Community members provided input on creating a balance between public access and protecting wildlife. The overall goal is to develop a feasible plan and design concepts to guide future improvements to the park.
Virtual goods in games can be decorative or functional, enabling socializing, shopping, and enhanced gameplay by affecting stats. Game mechanics like collecting, earning points, receiving feedback, and customization drive virtual economies and make games fun and engaging. They tap into primal responses and flow by providing structured goals and rewards through balanced systems and features. Virtual goods evoke real emotions in social contexts within virtual economies that drive ongoing use and turn games into services.
Sec 4N Hist (Elec) Chapter 6: War in the Asia-Pacific (Japan)Weng Lun Ho
Japan felt compelled to wage war in the Asia-Pacific region for several reasons. It had long-held ambitions of establishing itself as a powerful empire with colonies across Asia. Additionally, Japan was experiencing economic and population crises at home. The militarists in power saw expansion across Asia as a solution. When the League of Nations failed to check Japan's aggression in Manchuria, it emboldened further expansion. As European powers focused on war in Europe, Japan saw an opportunity to replace their colonies in the region. Trade sanctions by the US pushed Japan towards war to secure resources. In 1941, Japan launched attacks across the Asia-Pacific in an attempt to establish greater colonial control and deter US interference.
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and Soviet Union from 1947 to 1991. It started with the breakdown of the alliance between the US, Britain, and USSR after WWII and developed into a rivalry between capitalist and communist ideologies. The world divided into two opposing camps led by the two superpowers, and several proxy wars were fought globally without direct conflict between the US and USSR. The Cold War ended with the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 due to economic inefficiencies and internal political pressures.
The document summarizes the key causes and events of World War II from 1939 to 1945. It discusses the six main causes, including dissatisfaction with the Treaty of Versailles in Germany, the rise of fascism in Germany and Italy under Hitler and Mussolini, the policy of appeasement by European nations, Japan's invasion of China, the failure of the League of Nations to prevent aggression, and Hitler's invasion of Poland in 1939. It then outlines the major military campaigns and battles between the Allied and Axis powers, culminating in the US atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 that led to Japan's surrender, ending WWII.
1. Tensions between Japan and Western powers like the US and its unequal treatment of Japan after World War 1 emboldened Japanese nationalism and militarism.
2. Japan's invasion of Manchuria in 1931 and China in 1937 despite international condemnation further increased tensions with the US.
3. US embargoes on trade with Japan in 1940 due to its occupation of French Indochina and alliance with Germany led Japan to launch a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, drawing the US into World War 2 in the Asia-Pacific.
The Cold War began in 1945 after World War 2 between the United States and its allies, and the Soviet Union and its allies. This led to the formation of opposing military alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact and tensions including arms races and proxy wars. It also resulted in Soviet espionage efforts in the West through spies like the Cambridge Five who betrayed secrets to Moscow. The Cold War lasted over 45 years until the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s.
The document provides an overview of major events and developments during the Cold War era in the United States from 1945 to the late 1980s. It discusses the emergence of the Cold War rivalry with the Soviet Union, the spread of communism, conflicts like the Korean War and Vietnam War, civil rights movement, space race, and events that led to the fall of the Soviet Union and end of the Cold War.
The document summarizes the origins and early events of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union. It discusses how tensions grew between the former World War 2 allies over the fate of liberated countries in Europe. This led to the USSR tightening control over Eastern Europe and installing communist governments, while the US sought to contain the spread of communism and support democratic states. The document outlines several early flashpoints like Iran, Turkey, and Greece, which demonstrated the emerging geopolitical rivalry that became the Cold War.
During the Cold War era from 1956 to 1960, the political dynamics of several countries in Asia and the Middle East are discussed. Pakistan established its 1956 constitution and had several prime ministers until Ayub Khan imposed martial law in 1958. Iran was a monarchy led by the Shah while Saudi Arabia was also a monarchy adhering to strict Islamic laws. Afghanistan and India both had monarchies and democracies respectively. China was under communist rule of Mao Zedong while the Soviet Union was led by Nikita Khrushchev. The US was led by President Eisenhower as a capitalist democracy. The foreign relations between these countries and blocs during the Cold War are also outlined.
This document provides an overview of Germany's history from 1919 to 1945, beginning with the Treaty of Versailles after WWI and the restrictions it placed on Germany. It then discusses the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party, key events of WWII such as Germany's invasions and alliances, major battles on the Eastern and Western Fronts, and the Holocaust. The document uses text and images to present information on Germany under Hitler and the key political and military developments of WWII.
The Cold War began after World War 2 and lasted from 1945 to 1991. It represented the ideological battle between capitalism led by the United States and its NATO allies, and communism led by the Soviet Union and its Warsaw Pact allies. There was an arms race between the two sides including nuclear weapons and the space race. The US and USSR also fought several proxy wars in Korea and Vietnam in an attempt to contain the spread of the other's ideology. Tensions escalated during events like the Berlin Blockade, Cuban Missile Crisis, and Vietnam War, though the two superpowers never engaged in direct military conflict. The Cold War ended in the late 1980s with reforms in the Soviet Union under Gorbachev that led to the
The document summarizes key events in the lead up to and during World War II. It describes how fascist dictators like Mussolini and Hitler rose to power in Italy and Germany in the 1920s-1930s. It then outlines the expansion of German and Italian influence across Europe and Asia in the late 1930s, as well as Japan's growing imperialism, which increased tensions and ultimately led to the outbreak of WWII when Germany invaded Poland in 1939. The summary traces the major military campaigns and battles between the Allied and Axis powers across Europe, North Africa, the Pacific, and Eastern Front until the final surrender of Germany and Japan in 1945, ending the most devastating war in history.
The postwar world saw the establishment of the United Nations and trials of Nazi war criminals. The USSR established communist governments in Eastern Europe, creating an "Iron Curtain". The US aided in rebuilding Western Europe and Japan through the Marshall Plan. The Cold War began as tensions rose between the US and USSR. Many former colonies gained independence, but conflicts emerged in areas like Israel, Korea, and Vietnam.
The document provides details on areas controlled by Japan during WWII as well as areas attacked but not conquered. It lists the specific dates that various regions in Asia and the Pacific fell under Japanese control. It also provides background information on Japan in the 1920s-30s and key events leading up to the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, including the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, incidents in China, and Japan's alliance with Germany and Italy.
The document provides an overview of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union from 1945 to 1991. It discusses how communism spread after World War 2 and the tensions that arose. Key events of the Cold War included the Berlin Blockade, NATO and Warsaw Pact alliances, the Korean War, Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam War, and arms race between the two superpowers. The Soviet Union's economy struggled to keep up militarily and politically with the US, leading to its fall in the late 1980s.
Italy was displeased with the outcome of WWI and the Treaty of Versailles. In 1922, Benito Mussolini and his fascist party took control of Italy in the March on Rome. Mussolini established a fascist government with himself as dictator. He invaded Ethiopia in 1935 in violation of treaties. In the late 1930s, Mussolini allied Italy with Nazi Germany and joined World War II on Germany's side. However, Italy was not well-prepared for war and suffered major losses and defeats. Mussolini was eventually overthrown and killed by Italian resistance forces in 1945.
The Vietnam War began in 1954 after France lost control of Vietnam to Ho Chi Minh's Viet Minh forces. The country was divided along the 17th parallel, with a communist government in North Vietnam led by Ho Chi Minh and a capitalist government in South Vietnam led by Ngo Dinh Diem. The U.S. initially provided aid to South Vietnam but became increasingly involved in the conflict throughout the 1960s. Heavy U.S. bombing and ground troop deployment failed to defeat North Vietnam and its allies in the South. The Tet Offensive in 1968 marked a turning point that turned U.S. public opinion against the war. The last U.S. troops withdrew in 1973 as North Vietnam defeated South Vietnam in
This document provides an overview of the major events and campaigns that led to victory in Europe for the Allies against Nazi Germany between 1942-1945. It discusses key figures like General Dwight Eisenhower and campaigns in North Africa, Italy, the Soviet Union, and Western Europe. It describes major battles like Stalingrad, D-Day, and the Battle of the Bulge. It also summarizes the final push by the Soviets towards Berlin in 1945 and Germany's unconditional surrender on May 6th, 1945, marking the end of the war in Europe.
Causes of world war ii presentation a e embed versionMrsBrownMEH
Political and economic conditions following WWI led to the rise of fascism in Europe and worldwide economic depression. This political instability resulted in fascist dictators like Hitler in Germany and Mussolini in Italy threatening peace in Europe and Asia. As conflict grew, American foreign policy initially favored neutrality but evolved to providing economic aid to allies through acts like Lend-Lease. Japan's increasing aggression in Asia raised tensions with the U.S., which responded with embargoes, until Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 brought America into WWII fighting on two fronts in both Europe and the Pacific.
The document is a presentation from a community forum about developing a master plan for Pleasure Beach Park in Bridgeport, Connecticut. The presentation includes: an introduction from local officials; an overview of the park's existing conditions, environmental factors, and safety issues; the goals and objectives of developing a master plan; a proposed scope of work and timeline; and a discussion of preliminary ideas for park facilities, community needs, and anticipated challenges. Community members provided input on creating a balance between public access and protecting wildlife. The overall goal is to develop a feasible plan and design concepts to guide future improvements to the park.
Virtual goods in games can be decorative or functional, enabling socializing, shopping, and enhanced gameplay by affecting stats. Game mechanics like collecting, earning points, receiving feedback, and customization drive virtual economies and make games fun and engaging. They tap into primal responses and flow by providing structured goals and rewards through balanced systems and features. Virtual goods evoke real emotions in social contexts within virtual economies that drive ongoing use and turn games into services.
Economic efficiency, government price settings, and taxesDocumentStory
The document discusses key economic concepts related to government intervention in markets, including consumer surplus, producer surplus, economic surplus, marginal costs and benefits, and how price ceilings and floors can impact efficiency. It explains that the efficient market outcome occurs when marginal costs equal marginal benefits, but government policies can reduce overall surplus and create deadweight loss by moving the market away from the efficient equilibrium point.
The document provides a detailed timeline of major events from 1931 to 1945 during World War II. It outlines the expansion of fascist regimes like Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan through military aggression and annexation of neighboring states. Key events include Germany and Japan signing the anti-Comintern pact in 1936, Japan invading China in 1937, Germany annexing Austria and invading Czechoslovakia, and the invasion of Poland in 1939 which marked the start of WWII in Europe. The timeline then tracks the spread of the war across Europe and the Pacific theater over the following years until the final surrender of Nazi Germany in 1945 and Imperial Japan after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
This document provides information on evaluating and treating delayed puberty. It defines delayed puberty and discusses the main causes, which include constitutional delay of puberty, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Evaluation involves assessing medical history, physical exam including Tanner staging, lab tests of hormone levels, bone age, and imaging if needed. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, and may include observation, sex hormone therapy, or treating any underlying medical conditions.
In September 1939, Germany invaded Poland starting World War 2 in Europe. Germany used blitzkrieg tactics to quickly defeat Poland. In 1940, Germany invaded Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France, pushing the British forces back to Dunkirk. Italy then joined Germany in invading France, leading to France's defeat in June 1940. Britain stood alone against Germany until June 1941 when Germany invaded the Soviet Union. Japan, seeking resources, attacked the US naval base at Pearl Harbor in December 1941, bringing the US into the war. The US and allied forces began to turn the tide against Germany and Japan in major battles like Stalingrad, North Africa, and the Coral Sea in 1942.
What is the difference between informal and formal authority?cblockus
The document discusses the difference between informal and formal authority. Informal authority is earned respect from peers based on expertise, while formal authority is appointed by society based on title. It asks the reader to make lists of examples of informal authorities throughout history and examples of formal authorities throughout history to illustrate the difference between the two types of authority.
The changing landscape of search for business informationvoginip
The document discusses the changing landscape of search for business information. It notes that the political, legal and regulatory environments are constantly shifting, including issues around "fake news", misleading headlines, and the "right to be forgotten". It also discusses how Brexit and mobile search are affecting available information. Context around statistics, forecasts and interpretations is important to consider from different countries' perspectives.
This document provides a summary of World War 1 and World War 2 in 3 paragraphs. It begins by outlining some of the main causes of WWI, including militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism in Europe. It then discusses some of the major events of WWII, including the rise of Hitler in Germany and his acts of aggression against other nations. It also summarizes Japan's increasing imperialism in Asia during the 1930s. Finally, it discusses some key turning points in the European and Pacific theaters of WWII, including D-Day, the battles of Stalingrad and Midway, and the eventual Allied victories over Germany and Japan in 1945.
The Holocaust had a profound impact on Germany's image in the rest of the world. During WWII, Hitler systematically killed 6 million Jews through concentration camps and gas chambers. After Germany's surrender in 1945, the Allied powers divided Germany into Western and Eastern sectors, with the Western powers controlling West Germany and the Soviet Union controlling East Germany.
The document discusses key events at the end of World War II in Europe and the Pacific theaters. It describes Hitler's last major offensive in the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944, where German forces nearly cut Allied forces in half but were eventually stopped. It also discusses the liberation of Nazi concentration camps by Allied soldiers, the Yalta and Potsdam conferences between Allied leaders, the massive destruction of German and other European cities, Soviet occupation of Germany, and use of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to force Japan's surrender, ending World War II.
After WWII, Europe and Asia were divided between communist and capitalist spheres of influence. Germany, Korea, and Vietnam were divided, and forced population transfers altered ethnic distributions. The USSR imposed communist rule in Eastern Europe against the will of many citizens. The US responded with containment policies like the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan to counter Soviet expansion. This began the Cold War period characterized by proxy conflicts and an arms race between the US and USSR with nuclear threat.
The Allies turned the tide of war in 1942-1943 on two fronts. In North Africa, the British defeated Rommel's forces at El Alamein and took control of North Africa. Meanwhile, the Soviets stopped the German advance and won a major victory at the Battle of Stalingrad. In 1943, the Allies invaded Italy and took Sicily, but fighting in Italy continued. The Allies also began preparing for D-Day in 1944, when they launched an invasion of German-occupied France and eventually liberated Paris. Germany surrendered unconditionally in 1945 after the Soviets captured Berlin. The war in the Pacific ended after the U.S. dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, leading Japan to surrender in September
The document provides an overview of the rise of fascism in Europe in the early 20th century and the start of World War 2. It discusses how the economic turmoil of the Great Depression led to rising political instability across Europe. Fascist regimes took hold in Germany under Hitler and in Italy under Mussolini in the 1930s. Both leaders aggressively expanded their territories, with Germany invading Poland in 1939, marking the start of World War 2. Germany made swift initial gains across Europe using new mobile warfare tactics like blitzkrieg. By 1940 France had fallen and Britain was fighting off the German air force in the Battle of Britain. In 1941 Germany invaded the Soviet Union but was stopped by the Russian winter.
After WWI, nationalist and fascist governments led by Hitler, Mussolini, and Hirohito rose to power in Germany, Italy, and Japan, respectively. They aggressively expanded their territories, and by 1940 had formed the Axis alliance. In 1941, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, drawing the US into WWII. Over the next four years, the Allied powers including the US, Britain, Soviet Union, and others pushed back Axis control and advanced on Germany and Japan. The war ended in 1945 after the US dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, leading Japan to surrender.
The document summarizes key events in the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States from 1945 to 1989. It describes how the US helped rebuild Western Europe through the Marshall Plan to prevent communist takeover after WWII. It also discusses the rise of communist China and subsequent proxy wars in Korea and Vietnam between the two superpowers. The document outlines periods of increased tensions like the Cuban Missile Crisis and periods of détente. It concludes with the fall of the Berlin Wall and collapse of the Soviet Union, marking the end of the Cold War.
The document summarizes events at the end of World War II and the beginning of the Cold War. It discusses how tensions between the US and Soviet Union led to the Iron Curtain dividing Europe. It also describes the US policy of containment to resist Soviet expansion, the Truman Doctrine to provide aid to Greece and Turkey, and the Marshall Plan to rebuild Western Europe's economies. Finally, it summarizes the crisis in Berlin where the Soviets blocked land access to the city, requiring the Berlin Airlift to supply it by air until the blockade ended in 1949.
"The Cold War was a period of heightened military and political tensions between the United States and its allies on one side and the Soviet Union and its allies on the other" - Staff Writer
The document summarizes the key events and developments of the early Cold War between 1945-1960. It describes the ideological struggle between the Soviet/Eastern Bloc who wanted to spread communism worldwide, and the US/Western democracies who sought to contain communism. This led to espionage, an arms race, proxy wars, and the bipolarization of Europe between NATO and the Warsaw Pact. The Cold War was characterized by conflicts over Germany, an escalating nuclear arms race, containment efforts in Asia including the wars in China and Korea, and tensions with the USSR under Eisenhower including the U-2 incident. Cuba also became involved after Fidel Castro took power and formed an alliance with the Soviet Union.
The document summarizes the key events and developments of the early Cold War between 1945-1960. It describes the ideological struggle between the Soviet/Eastern Bloc who wanted to spread communism worldwide, and the US/Western democracies who sought to contain communism. This led to espionage, an arms race, proxy wars, and the bipolarization of Europe between NATO and the Warsaw Pact. The Cold War was characterized by conflicts over Germany, an escalating nuclear arms race, containment efforts in Asia including the wars in China and Korea, and tensions with the USSR under Eisenhower including the U-2 incident. Cuba also became involved after Fidel Castro took power and formed an alliance with the Soviet Union.
The Cold War began with the division of Germany after WWII, with East Germany controlled by the Soviet Union and West Germany free and democratic. The US launched the Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe and prevent the spread of Communism by spending over $13 billion. Winston Churchill referred to the division between democratic Western Europe and communist Eastern Europe as the "Iron Curtain". The Berlin Wall was later built in 1961 by the USSR to stop defectors from leaving East Berlin for the West. The Cold War also involved conflicts in Korea, with North Korea invading South Korea in 1950, and Cuba, where the Cuban Missile Crisis nearly led to nuclear war in 1962.
The document provides an overview of the key events and concepts related to the Second World War, including:
1) The war involved almost all European countries, Japan, the US, China and European colonies from 1939-1945. It was a "total war" utilizing all resources.
2) Germany, Italy and Japan expanded territorially in the 1930s in Europe, Africa and Asia through aggression and breaking agreements.
3) The war began in Europe in 1939 and the Axis powers achieved early victories using blitzkrieg tactics before the tide turned after 1942.
4) The Holocaust was the Nazi genocide of approximately 6 million European Jews and other groups.
5) The war ended in 1945 with Allied victories
The Cold War was a period of tension and rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union from 1945-1990. The two superpowers had opposing ideologies of capitalism/democracy versus communism/socialism and were in an arms race to develop powerful nuclear weapons. This led to several proxy wars like the Korean War and Vietnam War as the sides tried to prevent the spread of the other's influence. Crises like the Berlin Blockade and Cuban Missile Crisis brought the world close to nuclear war. The Cold War ended in the late 1980s as reformist leader Gorbachev took power in the USSR and liberalized policies, eventually leading to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
The Cold War was a period of tension and rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union from 1945-1990. The two superpowers had opposing ideologies of capitalism/democracy versus communism/socialism and were in an arms race to develop powerful nuclear weapons. This led to several proxy wars like the Korean War and Vietnam War as the sides supported opposing forces. Crises like the Berlin Blockade and Cuban Missile Crisis brought the world close to nuclear war. The Cold War ended in the late 1980s as reformist leader Gorbachev took power in the USSR and liberalized policies, eventually leading to the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
The Cold War emerged after World War II as tensions grew between the Western powers (US, Britain, France) and the Soviet Union. Germany and Berlin were divided between the Western Allies and Soviet control. Over time, Eastern European nations fell under Soviet control as well, separated by an "Iron Curtain". The US and Western nations established policies and alliances like the Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, and NATO to contain the spread of communism and Soviet influence, engaging in a nuclear arms race and policy of brinkmanship with the Soviet Union. These tensions defined the Cold War era between the Western and Eastern blocs.
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and Soviet Union from the mid-1940s until the early 1990s. During this time, there was no direct military conflict between the two superpowers, but they supported major regional conflicts like the Korean War and the Vietnam War by proxy. Tensions escalated further in events like the Berlin Blockade and Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Cold War only ended in the late 1980s as reformist leader Gorbachev rose to power in the USSR and liberalized communist rule in Eastern Europe.
Roosevelt worked to improve foreign relations and adopt an isolationist stance in the 1930s as countries like Germany and Japan rose in power and aggression. As World War II began in Europe in 1939, Roosevelt provided some aid to Britain and France while maintaining official neutrality, though he recognized the threat posed by the Axis powers. By 1940, with Germany occupying much of Europe and threatening Britain, Roosevelt began abandoning the neutrality stance and provided more direct aid, seeing America's involvement as necessary to defend democracy.
World War II began in 1939 after Germany invaded Poland. The main fascist countries that formed the Axis powers were Germany, Italy, and Japan, led by Hitler, Mussolini, and Tojo respectively. As the war escalated, the Allied powers of the US, Britain, Soviet Union, and others opposed the Axis. Major events included Germany bombing London and battling Britain for air control, Germany and the Soviet Union invading Poland, and Japan attacking Pearl Harbor in 1941 which brought the US into the war. The war was fought on battlefields across Europe and in brutal fighting in the Pacific, until the US dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, leading Japan to surrender and end World War II.
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The Midnight Sculptor.pdf writer by Ali alsiadali345alghlay
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Tom Cruise Daughter: An Insight into the Life of Suri Cruisegreendigital
Tom Cruise is a name that resonates with global audiences for his iconic roles in blockbuster films and his dynamic presence in Hollywood. But, beyond his illustrious career, Tom Cruise's personal life. especially his relationship with his daughter has been a subject of public fascination and media scrutiny. This article delves deep into the life of Tom Cruise daughter, Suri Cruise. Exploring her upbringing, the influence of her parents, and her current life.
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Introduction: The Fame Surrounding Tom Cruise Daughter
Suri Cruise, the daughter of Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes, has been in the public eye since her birth on April 18, 2006. Thanks to the media's relentless coverage, the world watched her grow up. As the daughter of one of Hollywood's most renowned actors. Suri has had a unique upbringing marked by privilege and scrutiny. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Suri Cruise's life. Her relationship with her parents, and her journey so far.
Early Life of Tom Cruise Daughter
Birth and Immediate Fame
Suri Cruise was born in Santa Monica, California. and from the moment she came into the world, she was thrust into the limelight. Her parents, Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes. Were one of Hollywood's most talked-about couples at the time. The birth of their daughter was a anticipated event. and Suri's first public appearance in Vanity Fair magazine set the tone for her life in the public eye.
The Impact of Celebrity Parents
Having celebrity parents like Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes comes with its own set of challenges and privileges. Suri Cruise's early life marked by a whirlwind of media attention. paparazzi, and public interest. Despite the constant spotlight. Her parents tried to provide her with an upbringing that was as normal as possible.
The Influence of Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes
Tom Cruise's Parenting Style
Tom Cruise known for his dedication and passion in both his professional and personal life. As a father, Cruise has described as loving and protective. His involvement in the Church of Scientology, but, has been a point of contention and has influenced his relationship with Suri. Cruise's commitment to Scientology has reported to be a significant factor in his and Holmes' divorce and his limited public interactions with Suri.
Katie Holmes' Role in Suri's Life
Katie Holmes has been Suri's primary caregiver since her separation from Tom Cruise in 2012. Holmes has provided a stable and grounded environment for her daughter. She moved to New York City with Suri to start a new chapter in their lives away from the intense scrutiny of Hollywood.
Suri Cruise: Growing Up in the Spotlight
Media Attention and Public Interest
From stylish outfits to everyday activities. Suri Cruise has been a favorite subject for tabloids and entertainment news. The constant media attention has shaped her childhood. Despite this, Suri has managed to maintain a level of normalcy, thanks to her mother's efforts.
Explore Treydora's VR economy, where users can trade virtual assets, earn rewards, and build digital wealth within immersive game environments. Learn more!
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The Evolution and Impact of Tom Cruise Long Hairgreendigital
Tom Cruise is one of Hollywood's most iconic figures, known for his versatility, charisma, and dedication to his craft. Over the decades, his appearance has been almost as dynamic as his filmography, with one aspect often drawing significant attention: his hair. In particular, Tom Cruise long hair has become a defining feature in various phases of his career. symbolizing different roles and adding layers to his on-screen characters. This article delves into the evolution of Tom Cruise long hair, its impact on his roles. and its influence on popular culture.
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Introduction
Tom Cruise long hair has often been more than a style choice. it has been a significant element of his persona both on and off the screen. From the tousled locks of the rebellious Maverick in "Top Gun" to the sleek, sophisticated mane in "Mission: Impossible II." Cruise's hair has played a pivotal role in shaping his image and the characters he portrays. This article explores the various stages of Tom Cruise long hair. Examining how this iconic look has evolved and influenced his career and broader fashion trends.
Early Days: The Emergence of a Style Icon
The 1980s: The Birth of a Star
In the early stages of his career during the 1980s, Tom Cruise sported a range of hairstyles. but in "Top Gun" (1986), his hair began to gain significant attention. Though not long by later standards, his hair in this film was longer than the military crew cuts associated with fighter pilots. adding a rebellious edge to his character, Pete "Maverick" Mitchell.
Risky Business: The Transition Begins
In "Risky Business" (1983). Tom Cruise's hair was short but longer than the clean-cut styles dominant at the time. This look complemented his role as a high school student stepping into adulthood. embodying a sense of youthful freedom and experimentation. It was a precursor to the more dramatic hair transformations in his career.
The 1990s: Experimentation and Iconic Roles
Far and Away: Embracing Length
One of the first films in which Tom Cruise embraced long hair was "Far and Away" (1992). Playing the role of Joseph. an Irish immigrant in 1890s America, Cruise's long, hair added authenticity to his character's rugged and determined persona. This look was a stark departure from his earlier. more polished styles and marked the beginning of a more adventurous phase in his hairstyle choices.
Interview with the Vampire: Gothic Elegance
In "Interview with the Vampire" (1994). Tom Cruise long hair reached new lengths of sophistication and elegance. Portraying the vampire Lestat. Cruise's flowing blonde locks were integral to the character's ethereal and timeless allure. This hairstyle not only suited the gothic aesthetic of the film but also showcased Cruise's ability to transform his appearance for a role.
Mission: Impossible II: The Pinnacle of Long Hair
One of the most memorable instances of Tom Cruise long hair came in "Mission: Impossible II" (2000). His character, Ethan
1. The War Begins to Change for Germany
• Spring 1942 – after a hard winter the Germans launch another attack in
southern Russia. Trying to capture USSR oil production & Stalingrad
• USSR has been relocating its factories further east away from the fighting & is
starting to get U.S. supplies but is still missing a lot of equipment
• By fall 1942 - 1943 Germans & USSR fight for Stalingrad. Germans loose.
• From 1943 - 1945 the Germans are playing defense & slowly the USSR re-
conquers its territory with heavy losses
• USSR rebuilt industry & gets U.S. supplies
• Germans military keeps growing, slaves working in factories
• Hitler starting to interfere with military details
2.
3. North Africa & Italy Fall 1942 – summer 1943
• Germans & Italians have advantage until battle of El Alamein
• U.S. army lands in French North Africa
• British invade from Egypt
• Italians & Germans leave Africa to defend Italy in 1943
• Summer 1943 Allies invade Italy, Italy surrenders, Mussolini arrested
• Germans control Northern Italy until the war ends in 1945
4.
5. Air & submarine war with Germany Late 1943-1945
• German submarines interfere with allied shipping in the Atlantic up to late
1943
• U.S. is building ships faster than Germany can sink them
• Allies eventually develop better sonar, radar, and submarine hunting methods
6. Air War with Germany Late 1943 - 1945
Early 1944 the allies have air protection over England & northern France
Late 1944 – 1945 allies are bombing Germany with more efficiency
Bombings hurt German war production & transport, kill many German civilians
Germany however builds hidden factories & wonder weapons
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12. D-Day Invasion of France June 1944
• U.S. & British forces land in Normandy (north France) largest amphibous
invasion in history
• Begin to re-conquer France and attack towards Germany
13. • Saving Private ryan 18 minutes
http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=saving+private+ryan&view=detail&mid=55
FE245D9BE2BF9BB7A055FE245D9BE2BF9BB7A0&first=0&FORM=NVPFVR
14. Ethnic issues & the Holocaust
• In the U.S. - Many Japanese Americans are detained in camps in the
western parts of the U.S during WW2 Japanese are considered very
suspicious
15. Holocaust in Europe
• Germany – 1930’s pass many laws discriminating against Jews. Jews are
encouraged to leave Germany Nuremburg Laws
• Germany 1930’s – begin euthenasia programs for the mentally ill
• WW2 starts 1939 – Jews that live in areas conquered by Germany are
ordered to live in certain areas only
• WW2 invasion of USSR 1941 – killings of Jews, gypsies, communists, asian
minorities in captured Russian territory begins
• WW2 1943-1945 – When the war starts to go bad for Germany, the real
organized killing s of Jews, Gypsies, Communists, Homosexuals, Slavs
occurs
• FINAL SOLUTION Concentration camps (Aushwitz) – built specifically for
killing as many undesirables as quickly as possible. Especially in East
Europe
• End of WW2 1945 – 6 million Jews,
16. Genocide in Europe & Asia
• Russians 3million USSR army prisoners 10million citizens starvation
• Polish & other East European Slavs 4 million
• Jews 6 million
• Gypsies 2 million
• Political enemies 500,000
• Homosexuals 100,000
• Chinese 15 million murdered or starvation
• Korea, Philippines, other Asian countries 5 million
• State of Israel created in 1948, recognized immediately by the United
Nations mainly due to the Holocaust
17.
18.
19. War in Europe Ends, May 1945
• Yalta conference (pg531) – February 1945 Stalin, Churchill, & Roosevelt
meet to discuss the end of the war
• Allies agree to temporarily occupy Germany until a new, friendly German
government can be made
• Germany should pay $$$ to USSR since USSR suffered the most. USSR
should eventually help Americans defeat Japan after German surrender
• All countries liberated by the allies should have free elections after the
war
20.
21. • USSR immediately eliminates anti-communists wherever they “liberate” a
country from Germany at the end of WW2
• USSR removes industrial equipment from the countries it “liberates”
• USSR does not allow free elections & installs communists into power wherever
it “liberates “ a country from the Germans pg 532
• Germany surrenders May 1945 U.S. & GB in West Germany, USSR in East
Germany
• Iron Curtain is falling across Europe in 1945
Disagreement Between Allies Begins Immediately 1945
22. Fall of Japan
• Autumn 1944, Battle of Leyte Gulf, remaining Japanese navy & majority of its
airforce is destroyed. U.S. re-conquers Philipinnes
• March-April 1945 – U.S. conquers islands of Iwo Jima & Okinawa close to Japan
Non – Stop bombing of Japanese cities http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5g571TQHDvU 2:00-4:30 7:30-end
• Japanese military & civilians increasingly suicidal refuses to surrender
• U.S. military estimates it will cost more than 500,000 American lives to conquer
Japan itself more than 6 million Japanese will die
• USSR is about to enter the war against Japan…….. Will they do the same in Asia
that they did in East Europe?
• August 1945 Atomic bombing of Hiroshima & Nagasaki Japan surrenders
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncq_Wye43TM 4:45 min atomic bomb
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29. Cold War 1945 - 1990
• Europe & Japan are in ruins. Only U.S. & USSR remain strong 2 superpowers
• USSR installs communist governments in East Europe & North Korea
• Marshall Plan – U.S. will give $$$ to help rebuild countries destroyed by WW2
so they can resist communism
• Rebuild W. Germany & Japan to make them U.S. allies against USSR Marshall
Aid
• Containment – U.S. policy of making alliances & supporting countries opposed
to the spread of communism
• W. Germany & Japan must have minor military power -focus on economics
• W. Germany & Japan have democratic constitutions
• By 1955 W. Germany & Japan have alliances with the U.S. & its allies, full
economic recovery
34. United Nations Created 1945
• New international organization in New York for promoting peace created
• 5 permanant countries with veto power – United States, Russia, England,
France, China
• U.S. currently provides 22% of funding. The highest
35. Cold war gets worse 1949-1950
• Berlin Blockade – 1949 USSR isolates Berlin from the west
• USSR detonates 1st atomic bomb 1949 …..- Communist scientist spies ´the
Rosenburgs´ give atomic secrets to USSR
• China becomes communist - 1949 , Communists win Chinese civil war.
nationalists flee to Taiwan
• Korean War 1950 -1953 Communist N. Korea invades democratic S. Korea
• NATO is formed 1949 North Atlantic Treaty Organization - U.S. and European
military alliance
• Warsaw Pact 1955 USSR & communist countries in Eastern Europe military
alliance
38. Arms Race
• U.S. & USSR compete for nuclear military superiority. Eventually start
building ICBM´s ¨inter-continental ballistic missiles¨
• Cuba becomes communist 1957
• Cuban Missle Crisis 1962 – USSR starts installing nuclear missles aimed at
Florida inside Cuba
39. Cold War Conflicts 1945 - 1990
• U.S. & USSR never fight each other, instead they spy & try to sabotage each other. Each country
supports the other´s enemies always trying to gain an advantage over the other competition
• Greece 1946-1948 – civil war, U.S. supports government against communists
• Korean War 1950-1953 – U.S. supports S. Korea, USSR & China support N. Korea
• Cuba 1957-1990 communist Cuba gets support from USSR
• Israel VS Arabs – U.S. supports Israel, USSR the Arabs causes problems between U.S & extremist
Islam
• Vietnam War 1965-1975 - U.S. supports south, USSR supports communist north
• Nicaragua Civil War 1979 – U.S. & USSR support oppisite sides
• Afghanistan 1980-1988 – U.S. supports Afghanistan during USSR invasion
• USSR – China disagreements 1960´s - U.S. ecourages China to disagree with USSR
• 3rd world conflicts: Anglola, Congo, Peru, Cambodia, Indonesia, Guatemala, Mozambique, Aruba,
Sri Lanka, Burma, Bolivia, Nigeria, etc………
• Decolonization – USSR & China will always support anti-imperial rebellion
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lW4s7TETtJA duck&cover 45 sec
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=Jffuzq2GpBI&feature=endscreen nuclear explosions 2:45
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7S6EDNrfSsA ICBM launch great 2:30
40.
41.
42.
43. Cold War Ends
• SALT 1972- strategic arms limitations treaty, agreement to limit the # of nuclear missles
• USSR invades Afganistan 1980 – U.S. support muslim resistance including Osama Bin Laden,
increaseed tensions again between U.S. & USSR
• Ronald Reagan increases U.S. military spending and begins Star Wars program 1980´s
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5dO6rb8qcCo 3:18 min
• USSR realizes it cant compete with U.S and relaxes its dictatorship in order to allow new ideas
• Glasnost & Perestroika allow more freedom in the USSR
• Non – russians in the USSR start demanding independence, Russians openly protest communist
policies
• 1990 USSR collapses Communist countries in East Europe collapse German reunification
44.
45. Middle East & the Rise of Militant Islam
• Late 1800’s early 1900’s increased nationalism among the Jews of Europe
• ‘Jews should return to Israel ‘ (Palestine) & build a nation there once again. Jews have
not had their own country in 2000 years
• By the late 1700’s Arab – Muslim countries were falling far behind Europe, they were
getting weaker & becoming more vulnerable to increased European power – imperialism
• After WW1 1918 Ottoman Empire collapses & the Middle East is divided into mandates
ruled by Britain & France Jews start moving to Palestine
• Western Europeans develop & control oil production in the Middle East. Economic
dominance by Europeans
• Offensive to Islam to be controlled by non-muslims “infidels”
46.
47. Middle East & the Rise of Militant Islam
• CAUSES
• Jewish Immigration to Palestine - after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in 1918
(WW1) Palestine is a British mandate. British allow Jews to immigrate to Palestine
• Increased tension in Palestine between Jews & Arabs over land ownership
• After WW2, more Jews move to Palestine. Fighting between Jews & Palestinians, Jews
win & declare a new Jewish nation ISRAEL 1948 several Arab countries attack Israel
• Jews continue to buy and take land from Palestinians, beginning of Palestinian terrorist
organizations
• Wars between Israel & Arab countries 1948, 1956, 1967, 1976, 1982 Israel always wins
• U.S. & western Europe support Israel USSR supports Arabs
• Arabs increasingly see Israel as a tool of U.S – western imperialism in the Middle East
• OPEC Oil Embargo 1976 – oil producing nations cut oil production causing the price of oil
to rise suddenly as punishment for supporting Israel
48.
49.
50.
51.
52. Middle East & the Rise of Militant Islam
• Europen economic imperialism in Iran after 1900, control of oil
• Shah – ruler of Iran, pro-western, pro capitalist, wants Iran to be like modern Europe-U.S
• Shah has alliances with the U.S., insults Islamic traditions in order to make Iran modern
• 1979 Iranian Revolution – traditional Muslims start a rebellion against the Shah &
replace him with an extreme Islamic government ……..very anti-U.S. anti-Israel
• 1980-1988 Iran VS Iraq War – long war almost disrupts world oil supply, increased
tensions in the region, military forces of the region increase
• 1991, 2003 – Iraq invades Kuwait, U.S. led alliances crush Iraq – Saddam Hussein
• Present - Iran supports Palestinian terrorists, developing weapons
53.
54. Middle East & the Rise of Militant Islam
• USSR invades Afghanistan 1980 – many Muslims go to help Afghans, including Osama
Bin Laden. U.S.. Supports Afghans with weapons
• After USSR leaves Afghanistan, Osama Bin Laden looks for other enemies of Islam &
starts targeting the U.S. 9/11
55. Decolonization after WW2
• Imperialist powers such as Great Britain, France, Netherlands, etc…… weakened during &
after WW2.
• European countries need to focus on rebuilding at home, not regaining control of
colonies after WW2
• Some European countries will try to fight to keep a few colonies (France-Algeria 1954,
France-Vietnam 1950’s, Belgium-Congo 1961, British-Kenya 1965, Portugal-Angola 1975)
• Many European colonies had been conquered by Japan or other Axis powers during
WW2 & did not want to go back under European control after WW2 especially in Asia
• Many European colonies gained some freedom during WW2 in exchange for helping
Britain & France, and wanted more (India, South Africa, Canada)
• U.S was always basically opposed to European imperialism in theory
• USSR & China encourage colonies to rebel against western European powers
• Colonies have many difficulties after they gain independence. Wars, famines, economic
problems
• U.S. & USSR will compete for influence in the newly independent countries
56.
57. Decolonization after WW2
• Newly independent countries face many problems after imperialists leave
• Europeans had provided security, order, government, some jobs, technology, some
medical care, infrastructure
• Mahatma Gandhi uses non-violent economic protests to pressure the British to leave
India. 1947
• Different groups fight for control…. Many civil wars & small genocides
• example: fighting & civil war in India-Pakistan between Muslims & Hindus 1947-1951
• example: after French finally leave, fighting between communists & monarchists in
Vietnam 1954-1975 U.S. gets involved to stop communists
• Europeans employed many natives in their companies…. If Europeans leave quickly….
Many natives without jobs, no police, no modern technology or medicine
• Many new countries borrow large amounts of $$$ to restructure their countries &
modernize with horrible results DEBT !