This document provides information about various empires between 1450-1750, including the Russian, Qing/Manchu, Ottoman, and Mughal Empires. It discusses how these land-based empires in Eurasia conquered and controlled their territories, comparing their treatment of ethnic and religious groups. The document also covers European maritime empires like the Spanish, Portuguese, British, French and Dutch empires. It analyzes one result of these empires, known as the Columbian Exchange, which was the transmission of plants, animals, and diseases between the Americas, Africa and Eurasia. Students are assigned a comparative essay to analyze the similarities and differences in how two empires conquered territory and controlled their populations, as well