Empires & Encounters 1450-1750
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This document outlines the major land and maritime empires between 1450-1750, including the Russian, Qing/Manchu, Ottoman, and Mughal land empires and the Spanish, Portuguese, British, French, and Dutch maritime empires. It discusses how these empires utilized bureaucrats and professional militaries to maintain centralized control over populations and resources while limiting other nobles' power. It also notes how rulers controlled religious and ethnic groups to utilize their economic contributions while restricting challenges to government authority, and that a result of the European maritime empires was the Columbian Exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between Afro-Eurasia and the Americas.
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Empires & Encounters 1450-1750
The document discusses several major land and maritime empires between 1450-1750, including the Russian, Qing/Manchu, Ottoman, and Mughal land empires as well as the Spanish, Portuguese, British, French, and Dutch maritime empires. It provides examples of how these empires controlled ethnic and religious groups through systems like the Spanish casta hierarchy and Portuguese sugar colonies. It also notes similarities in how these empires centralized control over people and resources through bureaucracies and militaries to maintain power.
EMPIRES 1450-1750
This document provides information about various empires between 1450-1750, including the Russian, Qing/Manchu, Ottoman, and Mughal Empires. It discusses how these land-based empires in Eurasia conquered and controlled their territories, comparing their treatment of ethnic and religious groups. The document also covers European maritime empires like the Spanish, Portuguese, British, French and Dutch empires. It analyzes one result of these empires, known as the Columbian Exchange, which was the transmission of plants, animals, and diseases between the Americas, Africa and Eurasia. Students are assigned a comparative essay to analyze the similarities and differences in how two empires conquered territory and controlled their populations, as well
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Between 1450-1750, global interactions increased dramatically due to advances in ship technology and the rise of maritime empires. The Atlantic slave trade expanded greatly to supply labor for the Americas. Major social and demographic changes occurred as crops and diseases were exchanged between the Old and New Worlds, and millions of people were forced into transatlantic slavery. Culturally, the European Renaissance and Reformation reshaped intellectual life and challenged the authority of the Catholic Church.
14 the ottoman empire
The Ottoman Empire rose to become a powerful world empire starting in the 15th century. It originated as a nomadic Turkish group from central Asia. The Ottomans conquered the Byzantine Empire and captured its capital, Constantinople, in 1453, marking the end of the Roman Empire which had lasted nearly 1,500 years. Under Sultans like Suleiman the Magnificent in the 16th century, the Ottoman Empire established a system of rule based on Islamic law and organized citizens into social classes of educated elites, military, merchants, and farmers.
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3) The Age of Discovery led Portugal to find a sea route to India by exploring along the west coast of Africa, with later Spanish expeditions reaching the Americas while seeking a route to Asia under Columbus.
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Empires & Encounters 1450-1750
The document discusses several major land and maritime empires between 1450-1750, including the Russian, Qing/Manchu, Ottoman, and Mughal land empires as well as the Spanish, Portuguese, British, French, and Dutch maritime empires. It provides examples of how these empires controlled ethnic and religious groups through systems like the Spanish casta hierarchy and Portuguese sugar colonies. It also notes similarities in how these empires centralized control over people and resources through bureaucracies and militaries to maintain power.
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This document discusses several major land and maritime empires between 1450-1750, including the Russian, Qing/Manchu, Ottoman, and Mughal land empires as well as the Spanish, Portuguese, British, French, and Dutch maritime empires. It provides examples of how these empires controlled ethnic and religious groups to utilize their economic contributions while limiting challenges to government authority. It also notes how empires used bureaucrats and professional militaries to maintain centralized control over people and resources.
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This document discusses several major land and maritime empires between 1450-1750, including the Russian, Qing/Manchu, Ottoman, and Mughal land empires as well as the Spanish, Portuguese, British, French, and Dutch maritime empires. It provides examples of how these empires controlled ethnic and religious groups to utilize their economic contributions while limiting challenges to government authority. It also notes how empires used bureaucrats and professional militaries to maintain centralized control over people and resources.
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Empires and encounters review
The document provides guidance and prompts for analyzing and comparing aspects of multiple empires between 1450-1750, including their methods of conquest and control, as well as their social, political, economic, cultural, and environmental results. Students are instructed to choose two empires to compare, with examples including the Spanish, Russian, Qing/Manchu, Ottoman, and Mughal Empires. Specific topics of comparison include military tactics, motives for conquest, treatment of religion, types of empire/expansion, methods of colonization and control, and impacts in various categories like demographics, trade, and social structures.
Weuropecontinuitiescomparedwottoman 110118162054-phpapp01
Both Western Europe and the Ottoman Empire from 1450-1750 were based on rule by a single royal family, though Europe consisted of competing states while the Ottoman Empire was a unified empire. Agriculture and land ownership were key to both economies, and both attempted to control trade and production. While Europe remained Christian, the Ottoman Empire was Islamic, but religion played a major role in politics and society for both. Both emphasized military technology like gunpowder, though Western science continued advancing using multiple civilizations while the Ottoman Empire limited science to Muslim sources.
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AP Italian Renaissance
The document summarizes the key characteristics and events of the Italian Renaissance between 1375-1600. It describes the Renaissance as a period of cultural rebirth and achievements that began in Italy and spread to Europe. The main characteristics included secularism, humanism with a focus on classical antiquity, individualism, and skepticism. Major city-states like Milan, Venice, and Florence played influential roles and lacked a unified monarchy. Figures like Machiavelli, the Medicis in Florence, and Savonarola shaped the political landscape.
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The Ottoman Empire
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This document provides information about several major empires between 1450-1750, including the Russian, Qing/Manchu, Ottoman, and Mughal Empires. It also discusses two types of European empires during this period: land-based empires and maritime empires like the Spanish, Portuguese, British, French, and Dutch. The document outlines some key similarities between how these empires conquered territory and controlled their populations, such as utilizing economic contributions while limiting political power, and maintaining control through professional bureaucracies and militaries. Students are assigned a comparative essay to analyze the similarities and differences in how two empires expanded and the results of their rule.
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The Ottoman Empire rose to power in the 14th century under Osman I and grew to control vast territories across the Eastern Mediterranean, Middle East, and North Africa by the 15th-16th centuries. It reached its peak under Suleiman the Magnificent, controlling most of Southeast Europe. However, the empire began a slow decline in the 17th-18th centuries due to economic problems, weaker central control, and less effective Sultans. By the early 20th century, the Ottoman Empire had collapsed with the formation of modern Turkey in 1922.
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The document contains summaries of similarities and differences between how communism rose to power in Russia and China in the 20th century. It lists key events like the Russian Revolution and Civil War that brought the communists to power in Russia, and the Chinese Civil War that allowed Mao and the communists to take control in China. It also notes how both communist governments made changes to Marxist theories to apply them to their local situations.
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World wars compared results
Both World Wars resulted in massive death and destruction as well as redrawn maps with losing sides losing territory. They also changed political structures by expanding government power and creating international organizations. New powers emerged like the U.S. after both wars and the Soviet Union after WWII. Societies changed with women gaining more power and colonial subjects pushing for independence.
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World wars compared warfare
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The document provides an overview of World War I and World War II. It notes that WWI was from 1914-1918 with US involvement from 1917-1918. WWII lasted from 1937-1945 in Asia and 1939-1945 in Europe and Africa, with US involvement from 1941-1945. Both wars resulted in major economic, social, and political changes globally and impacted civilian populations, governments, and economies.
Japan - Meiji 18th and 19th centuries
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In the 18th and 19th centuries, industrialized nations strengthened control over their colonies and established overseas empires throughout Asia, Africa, and the Pacific in order to gain access to raw materials, capture valuable trade routes, expand markets for their goods, and demonstrate their power in the international system. Nations justified their imperialism through beliefs of racial and cultural superiority as well as a desire to spread Christianity and civilization. They used military superiority provided by new technologies like steam power, strong navies, and wealth to influence local leaders and conquer territories to build their empires.
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The document discusses the political revolutions in the 18th and 19th centuries in North America, France, Haiti, and Latin America. It identifies several similarities in the causes of these Atlantic revolutions, including that they were influenced by the Enlightenment and ideas of natural rights and social contract. They also involved conflicts between social classes and economic problems like inflation and taxation that led the lower classes to rebel. Finally, the revolutions inspired and caused other revolutions, and European wars either directly or indirectly contributed to the revolutions.
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This document outlines how students can earn points on a DBQ essay grading rubric, including +50 for a good introduction, +20 for a clear thesis, and +15 each for addressing at least one social and economic effect from the documents, attempting to group the documents in topic sentences, and explaining the point of view of one document's author or speaker. It also provides instructions for students to write addition paragraphs on a separate sheet of paper by Tuesday to earn points for any parts of the rubric they did not receive originally, such as writing a thesis if one was not present.
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Tokugawa Japan - Brief Look
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Empires & Encounters 1450-1750
- 1. Empires & Encounters 1450-1750 European Maritime Empires Russian Empire Qing/Manchu Empire Mughal Empire Ottoman Empire
- 2. THE LAND EMPIRES of EURASIA Russian Empire Qing / Manchu Empire Ottoman Empire Mughal Empire
- 6. QING / MANCHU DYNASTY
- 7. Qing/Manchu Dynasty of China
- 8. Ottoman & Mughal Empires
- 9. EUROPEAN MARITIME EMPIRES Spanish Empire Portuguese Empire British Empire French Empire Dutch Empire
- 13. Sugar Colonies
- 14. Settler Colonies
- 16. As these empires were built: • The rulers worked to control ethnic & religious groups in ways that utilized their economic contributions … • while limiting their ability to challenge the authority of the government • Mughal treatment of Hindu subjects • Chinese treatment of SE Asian merchants • European encomienda system in Mesoamerica and South America. Native used like serfs.
- 17. • Governments of these empires used bureaucrats and professional military to maintain centralized control over people & resources… • and limit the power of the other nobles. • Ottoman devshirme system & janissaries • Chinese scholar officials • European use of merchants and priests as bureaucrats.
- 18. One RESULT of European Maritime Empires being built… The Columbian Exchange – the global transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Americas and Afro-Eurasia