This document discusses embedded systems. It defines an embedded system as a special purpose computer used inside devices. Embedded systems have several key components: embedded hardware like microcontrollers, embedded operating systems, device drivers, and communication stacks. Challenges in developing embedded systems include low cost, high performance, and efficiency. Examples of applications are appliances, communication equipment, transportation systems, factory automation, and medical devices. Future trends include adaptive cruise control, telemedicine, security, telematics, and Bluetooth applications.