Types of email communications include advocacy, fundraising, and informative emails. Email newsletters have higher click-through rates than fundraising appeals, showing people are more willing to click on items with lower commitment levels. Effective email newsletters place important articles at the top, use headlines and short chunks of text to engage skimmers, include a consistent banner and sidebar, and rely less on images by using HTML formatting. Content should mix informative articles with calls to action and fundraising appeals, adjust to current events, and tell stories to engage donors. Personalizing the newsletter by writing in a casual style and including staff photos increases open rates. Calls to action should be easy to follow through on. Monitoring email newsletter results helps track opens, clicks, actions,