An elevator is a vertical transport vehicle that moves people and goods between floors of a building using electric motors and cables, chains, or hydraulic systems. There are two main types - roped elevators which use cables and counterweights, and hydraulic elevators which use a hydraulic system. Elevators have various components like a car, shaft, doors, and motor. They are used to transport passengers, freight, vehicles, and aircraft and have additional features like telephones, security cameras, and customizable wall finishes. The basic elevator algorithm determines the most efficient path for an elevator to travel based on remaining requests in each direction.

2. • An elevator (or lift) is a vertical transport vehicle
that efficiently moves people or goods between
floors of a building.
• They are generally powered by electric motors that
either drive traction cables and counterweight
systems, or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a
cylindrical piston.
ELEVATORS

3. • Roped Elevator
• Hydraulic Elevator
TYPES of ELEVATORS

4. MAIN COMPONENTS of ROPED
ELEVATOR
1. Car
2. Rope
3. Electric Motor
4. Shaft
5. Sheave
6. Counterweight
7. Guide Rails
8. Governor
9. Doors

6. USES OF ELEVATORS
• Passenger Elevators. A passenger elevator is designed to
move people between a building's floors.
• Freight Elevators. A freight elevator, or goods lift, is an
elevator designed to carry goods, rather than passengers.
Freight elevators are generally required to display a written
notice in the car that the use by passengers is prohibited
(though not necessarily illegal), though certain freight
elevators allow dual use. Freight elevators are typically
larger and capable of carrying heavier loads than a
passenger elevator.
• Vehicle Elevators. Vehicular elevators are used within
buildings with limited space (in lieu of ramps) to move cars
into the parking garage.
• Aircraft Elevators. On aircraft carriers, elevators carry
aircraft between the flight deck and the hangar deck for
operations or repairs. These elevators are designed for
much greater capacity than other elevators.

7. • Dumbwaiter. Dumbwaiters are small freight elevators that
are intended to carry food rather than passengers. They often
link kitchens with rooms on other floors.
• Material Handling Belts and Belt Elevators. A different
kind of elevator is used to transport material. It generally
consists of an inclined plane on which a conveyor belt runs.
The conveyor often includes partitions to prevent the material
from sliding backwards. These elevators are often used in
industrial and agricultural applications.
USES OF ELEVATORS

8. 1. An Elevator Telephone. It can be used (in addition to the
alarm) by a trapped passenger to call for help.
2. Hold Button. This button delays the door closing timer,
useful for loading freight and hospital beds.
3. Call Cancellation. A destination floor may be deselected
by double clicking.
4. Access Restriction. By key switches, RFID reader, code
keypad, hotel room card, etc.
5. One or more Additional Sets of Doors. It can serve
different floor plans. For example, in an elevated crosswalk
setup, the front doors may open on the street level, and the
rear doors open on the crosswalk level.
6. Security Camera.
7. Plain Walls or Mirrored Walls. To give the illusion of
larger area.
8. Glass Windowpane. Providing a view of the building
interior or onto the streets.
Additional Facilities

9. The Elevator Algorithm
The elevator algorithm, a simple algorithm by which
a single elevator can decide where to stop, is
summarized as follows:
- Continue traveling in the same direction while
there are remaining requests in that same
direction.
- If there are no further requests in that direction,
then stop and become idle, or change direction if
there are requests in the opposite direction.
- The elevator algorithm has found an application
in computer operating systems as an algorithm
for scheduling hard disk requests. Modern
elevators use more complex heuristic algorithms