ELEVATORS

1. (BCM- IV)
VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION
ELEVATORS
Bachelors of Architecture,
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute of Technology (S.V.I.T.) ,
Vasad, Gujarat.

2. INCLINATION
 The physiological point of view, the best use of ‘climbing efforts’ is with an angle of
incline of 30º & a ratio of rise of:
Rise of step, r= 17 cm &
Going of step, g = 29 cm
 Optimum Rise formula: 2r + g = 63 cm

3. WHAT ARE LIFTS ….???
 A vertical transport equipment that
efficiently moves people between
floors(levels, deck) of a building,
vessel or other structure.
 Generally powered by electric motors
that either drive cables, hoist, or pump
hydraulic fluid to raise a cylinder piston
like a jack.

4. IMPORTANCE OF LIFTS
 Rapid development : building designs nowadays built vertically/ higher
because of high land cost.
 Basic needs : to bring building user from one level to higher level in building
 Comfort needs: working efficiency for office building or large organization.
 UBBL (Unified Building Bye-laws): building with more than 6 storeys must
provide lifts system.
 Fire requirements: provide fire lift to be used during fire.

5. BASIC TERMINOLOGIES

6. BASIC TERMINOLOGIES

7. BASIC TERMINOLOGIES

8. TYPES OF LIFTS

9. 1. HYDRAULIC LIFTS
 ‘ Pascal's Principle state that the pressure
given to liquid in closed chamber will be
continued by the liquid to every direction with
uniform and the same magnitude.

10. 1. HYDRAULIC LIFTS
Piston
Cylinder
Hydraulic
Oil
Reservoir
Pump &
Piping
Control
System

11. 2. TRACTION LIFTS
 Principle : See-Saw
 The Car is raised and counterweight is lowered by traction
steel ropes rather than pushed from below.
 Operating machinery positioned above elevator hoist way
 Moderate to high speed
 Medium & high--rise

12. 2. TRACTION LIFTS

13. 2. TRACTION LIFTS

14. Machine Room Less Gearless Traction Lift

15. TYPES OF LIFTS

16. 1. PASSENGER’S LIFT
 Passenger elevator is designed to move
people between floors of a building.
 Their capacity is related to available floor
space.
 Up to 8-10 floors these operate at 1m/s and
 above 10 floors the speed starts at 2.5 m/s to 10
m/s.
 There are some types of passenger elevators:-
 Sky lobbies- an intermediate interchange floor where people can change from an express
elevator that stops only at the sky lobby to a local elevator which stops at every floor within
a segment of the building.
 Express elevators- An express elevator does not serve all floors. it moves between the
ground floor and a sky lobby.

17. 1. PASSENGER’S LIFT

18. 1. PASSENGER’S LIFT – HOSPITAL

19. 1. PASSENGER’S LIFT – HOSPITAL
 Used in hospital & treatment center
 Designed for transportation large carts or furniture
 Speed of elevator :100-350 ft/min
 Two sides of front and back doors for loading and unloading facilities
 Door width between 900-1100 mm

21. 2. GOODS/FREIGHT LIFTS
 Used to transport heavy goods but depends on types of good transported.
 Usually used in shopping complex, airports, hotels, warehouse.
 Elevator speed 50-150 ft/min.
 Usually used in shopping complex, airports, hotels, warehouse.

22. 2. GOODS/FREIGHT LIFTS

23. 3. VEHICLE LIFTS
 Used specifically to lift a car in multi storey car park or showroom.
 had to be in the form of traction and hydraulics.
 Form of traction is more commonly used for high velocity.

24. 4. DUMBWAITER LIFTS
 Dumbwaiters are small freight elevators that are intended to carry food rather than
passengers.
 They often link kitchens with other rooms.
 When installed in restaurants, schools, kindergartens, hospitals, retirement homes or in
private homes, the lifts generally terminate in a kitchen.
 Avg height of the car ranges from 0.8m to 1.2m.

25. 5. SCISSOR LIFTS
 These lifts are self-contained, these lifts can
be easily moved to where they are needed.
 They’re excellent for indoor and outdoor
construction, maintenance and installation
applications.
Features:
 High load bearing capacity
 Long life
 Smooth operations

26. 5. SCISSOR LIFTS

27. FIRE LIFT
 Building over than 60 ft high are required to provide fire lift.
 This lift controlled by a system back on in emergencies.

28. Sr. No. No. of Floors Recommended Speed
1 4 to 5 floors 1 MPS
2 6 to 12 floors 1.5 MPS
3 Above 12 floors Above 1.5 MPS
Office Building Passenger Lifts
Sr. No. No. of Floors Recommended Speed
1 4 to 8 floors 1 MPS
2 8 to 12 floors 1.5 MPS
3 Above 12 floors Above 1.5 MPS
Residential Building Passenger Lifts
Sr. No. No. of Floors Recommended Speed
1 Upto 4 floors 0.5 MPS
2 5 to 8 floors 0.75 MPS
3 Above 8 floors 1 MPS
Hospital Lifts
Sr. No. No. of Floors Recommended Speed
1 Upto 6 floors 0.5 MPS
2 Above 6 floors 0.75 MPS
Goods Lifts
S
P
E
E
D
O
F
L
I
F
T
S

30. Selection Factor
General Requirements
 Utility: The function must be identified whether for commercial, office of hospital.
 Capacity & number of lifts: depends on the access building pattern and building size.
 Speed: depends on the number of stops, numbers of user and transport cost.
 Type & Size of lift gate: depends on the use or function.

32. Physical Requirements
 Size of lift shaft : depends of lift cargo capacity
 Depth of lift shaft : depends on the speed of elevator
 Area of space in lift : depends on speed of elevators.
 Mechanical room size: depends on type and size of the lift equipment
Other Requirements
 Electrical panels and power outlets
 Ventilation fan and fighting in engine room
 Steps down and power sockets in the wells lift (lift pit)
 The structure for lifting the machinery room
 Maintenance works

33. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LIFTS & ESCALATORS

34. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LIFTS & ESCALATORS

35. THANK YOU
Bachelors of Architecture,
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute of Technology (S.V.I.T.) ,
Vasad, Gujarat.