The document presents a presentation on power quality improvement in a grid connected wind energy system using STATCOM. The objectives of the proposed scheme are reactive power compensation, unity power factor, sinusoidal source current, reduced total harmonic distortion, maintained voltage profile, and effective response from the STATCOM controller. The system is modeled in MATLAB/Simulink and includes a wind turbine, nonlinear load, STATCOM connected to a battery energy storage system. Simulation results show the STATCOM is able to mitigate power quality issues and reduce harmonic distortion from 24.62% to 3.5%.
This document discusses voltage and reactive power control methods in power systems. It covers the need for reactive power to maintain voltage levels and deliver active power through transmission lines. Various reactive power compensation devices are described such as series and shunt capacitors/reactors, synchronous condensers, static VAR compensators, and static synchronous compensators. Common voltage and reactive power control methods include excitation control at generating stations, using tap changing transformers, and switching shunt reactors/capacitors depending on load levels.
The document discusses Thyristor Controlled Series Compensation (TCSC), a FACTS device that uses thyristors to control the capacitive reactance of transmission lines. TCSC can enhance power flow, limit fault current, improve stability and transients. It introduces benefits like mitigating subsynchronous resonance risks, damping power oscillations, and improving post-contingency stability. TCSC operates in modes like blocking, bypass, capacitive boost and inductive boost to accurately regulate power flow and damp oscillations while increasing transmission capacity and stability.
This document provides an overview of the thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC). It begins with the basic TCSC scheme and equations showing how the variable inductive reactance XL can change the capacitive reactance XC. It then discusses the impedance characteristics of the TCSC and how the capacitor voltage is reversed by the thyristor controlled reactor (TCR). Next, it examines the TCSC operating in the capacitive and inductive regions and how it can provide phase advance or retard. The document also covers the attainable voltage-current characteristics and harmonic voltage generation in the TCSC. It describes the functional internal control schemes and concludes with notes on design considerations.
1. The document discusses a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), a type of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) device that controls electric power flow by injecting a controlled voltage in series with a transmission line.
2. The SSSC can provide either capacitive or inductive compensation, depending on whether the injected voltage lags or leads the line current.
3. Digital simulations show that the SSSC can increase or decrease the dynamic power flow in the transmission line depending on the mode of compensation.
This document discusses various methods of voltage control in power systems, including static shunt capacitors, static series capacitors, static shunt reactors, synchronous condensers, tap changing transformers, booster transformers, and SVC-Static VAR Compensators. Static shunt capacitors and static series capacitors inject reactive power to increase voltage, while static shunt reactors absorb reactive power to reduce voltage. Synchronous condensers can operate as either capacitors or reactors depending on their excitation to regulate voltage. Tap changing transformers and booster transformers also control voltage through adjusting transformer ratios.
This document discusses voltage and reactive power control methods in power systems. It covers the need for reactive power to maintain voltage levels and deliver active power through transmission lines. Various reactive power compensation devices are described such as series and shunt capacitors/reactors, synchronous condensers, static VAR compensators, and static synchronous compensators. Common voltage and reactive power control methods include excitation control at generating stations, using tap changing transformers, and switching shunt reactors/capacitors depending on load levels.
The document discusses Thyristor Controlled Series Compensation (TCSC), a FACTS device that uses thyristors to control the capacitive reactance of transmission lines. TCSC can enhance power flow, limit fault current, improve stability and transients. It introduces benefits like mitigating subsynchronous resonance risks, damping power oscillations, and improving post-contingency stability. TCSC operates in modes like blocking, bypass, capacitive boost and inductive boost to accurately regulate power flow and damp oscillations while increasing transmission capacity and stability.
This document provides an overview of the thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC). It begins with the basic TCSC scheme and equations showing how the variable inductive reactance XL can change the capacitive reactance XC. It then discusses the impedance characteristics of the TCSC and how the capacitor voltage is reversed by the thyristor controlled reactor (TCR). Next, it examines the TCSC operating in the capacitive and inductive regions and how it can provide phase advance or retard. The document also covers the attainable voltage-current characteristics and harmonic voltage generation in the TCSC. It describes the functional internal control schemes and concludes with notes on design considerations.
1. The document discusses a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), a type of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) device that controls electric power flow by injecting a controlled voltage in series with a transmission line.
2. The SSSC can provide either capacitive or inductive compensation, depending on whether the injected voltage lags or leads the line current.
3. Digital simulations show that the SSSC can increase or decrease the dynamic power flow in the transmission line depending on the mode of compensation.
This document discusses various methods of voltage control in power systems, including static shunt capacitors, static series capacitors, static shunt reactors, synchronous condensers, tap changing transformers, booster transformers, and SVC-Static VAR Compensators. Static shunt capacitors and static series capacitors inject reactive power to increase voltage, while static shunt reactors absorb reactive power to reduce voltage. Synchronous condensers can operate as either capacitors or reactors depending on their excitation to regulate voltage. Tap changing transformers and booster transformers also control voltage through adjusting transformer ratios.
Reactive power management and voltage control by using statcomHussain Ali
This document summarizes the use of STATCOM devices for reactive power management and voltage control in transmission lines. It defines reactive power and explains the need for reactive power compensation. It then defines FACTS devices and specifically STATCOMs, describing their basic structure and principle of operation for generating and absorbing reactive power. The document discusses how STATCOMs can provide benefits like reactive power control, voltage regulation, and increased transmission capacity. It provides an example of a 500 MVAR STATCOM installed between Qatar and Bahrain for reactive power compensation and concludes that STATCOMs allow tighter voltage control and improved reliability compared to traditional capacitor banks.
This document describes a project to improve power quality using a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). The UPQC compensates for voltage disturbances and improves current quality using active power filters. It maintains the load voltage despite supply variations. The document outlines the objectives, introduces UPQC components like the shunt and series active power filters, and describes the multivariable controller and Simulink model. The UPQC provides advantages like reduced harmonics, improved waveform quality, and balanced power factor.
Gcsc gto thyristor controlled series capacitorLEOPAUL23
The document discusses the GTO Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (GCSC), which consists of a fixed capacitor in parallel with an anti-parallel GTO pair. The GCSC can continuously vary the voltage across the capacitor between zero and its maximum value by controlling the turn-off delay angle of the thyristor valve. It works by closing and opening the thyristor valve in synchronism with the supply frequency. The GCSC can operate in either voltage compensating mode, to maintain a rated compensating voltage over a range of line currents, or in reactance compensating mode, to maintain a maximum rated compensating reactance at any line current.
A STATCOM CONTROL SCHEME FOR POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF GRID CONNECTED TO W...Power System Operation
Introduction to the project
Aim of the project
Objective of the project
FACTS devices
Introduction to STATCOM
Control characteristics of STATCOM
Renewable energy sources
Introduction to wind energy
Operation of double fed induction generator
MATLAB/SIMULINK software
Simulation results.
Conclusion
Statcom control scheme for power quality improvement of grid connected wind e...Kinnera Kin
This project aims to improve power quality for a grid-connected wind energy system using a STATCOM. The objectives are to maintain unity power factor at the source, meet reactive power needs of the wind generator and non-linear load, and provide fast response using hysteresis current control for the STATCOM. MATLAB/Simulink software is used to simulate the system both with and without STATCOM. The simulation results show that with STATCOM, harmonic distortion is eliminated in the load current and power quality is maintained at the point of common coupling.
The document discusses power quality issues caused by nonlinear loads and various power quality conditioners used to address these issues. It introduces the unified power quality conditioner (UPQC), which integrates series and shunt active power filters to compensate for both voltage and current-related power quality problems. The UPQC can mitigate issues like harmonics, voltage sags and swells, reactive power, power factor, and load unbalance. It operates by injecting compensating currents from the shunt filter and generating compensating voltages from the series filter to regulate the supply voltage and current waveforms seen by the load. The UPQC provides a comprehensive solution for improving power quality in distribution systems.
This document provides information about flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) including opportunities for FACTS, types of FACTS controllers, and their relative importance. It discusses how FACTS controllers can control parameters like line impedance, phase angle, and voltage injection to regulate power flow. The key types of FACTS controllers are series, shunt, and combined series-series or series-shunt configurations. Series controllers directly impact current and power flow, while shunt controllers control voltage. Combined controllers allow coordinated control and real power transfer between elements.
This document discusses static shunt compensation on transmission lines. Shunt compensation can increase steady-state transmittable power and control voltage profiles by using shunt reactors to minimize overvoltage under light loads and shunt capacitors to maintain voltage levels under heavy loads. Midpoint shunt compensation regulates voltage along line segments by exchanging only reactive power at the midpoint, significantly increasing transmittable power as the midpoint has the maximum voltage sag. End of line shunt compensation also provides voltage support to prevent instability.
Classification of unified power quality compensatorsDuvvuruSravya
This document classifies unified power quality compensators (UPQCs) in four ways:
1. By converter - either voltage source converter (VSC) based or current source converter (CSC) based, with VSC using IGBTs and allowing multilevel operation while CSC uses inductors for energy storage.
2. By topology - as a combination of DSTATCOM and DVR connected either in right or left shunt configuration to regulate voltage and eliminate harmonics.
3. By supply system - as two-wire, three-wire, or four-wire UPQCs to compensate different applications like domestic appliances or adjustable speed drives.
4. By rating - as UPQC-Q injecting
This document presents an overview of reactive power compensation. It defines reactive power compensation as managing reactive power to improve AC system performance. There are two main aspects: load compensation to increase power factor and voltage regulation, and voltage support to decrease voltage fluctuations. Several methods of reactive power compensation are discussed, including shunt compensation using capacitors and reactors, series compensation, static VAR compensators (SVCs), static compensators (STATCOMs), and synchronous condensers. SVC and STATCOM technologies are compared, with STATCOMs having advantages of smaller components, better control, and transient response.
This document discusses using a STATCOM to improve power quality in a grid-connected wind energy system. A STATCOM is a voltage-source converter that can compensate for voltage fluctuations on AC transmission lines. The document examines power quality issues like voltage variations and harmonics in wind energy systems. It presents test results showing that a STATCOM maintains the source voltage and current in-phase to support the reactive power demand of the wind generator and load. The STATCOM fulfills power quality standards and can eliminate or reduce voltage fluctuations at the plant input.
1. The document discusses power system stability, including classifications of power system states as steady state, dynamic state, and transient state.
2. It describes synchronous machine swing equation and power angle equation, which relate the mechanical power input to the electrical power output of a generator through the power/torque angle.
3. An example calculation is shown to find the steady state power limit of a power system with a generator connected to an infinite bus through a transmission line.
These slides present the introduction to FACTS devices. Later we will discuss about its modelling and control aspect applications. This comes under the topic on power electronics application in smart and microgrid systems.
This document discusses wide area monitoring systems (WAMS) and their components. WAMS use phasor measurement units (PMU) synchronized by GPS to measure voltage and currents across large areas of the power grid. A phasor data concentrator (PDC) collects PMU data and performs monitoring, alarming, event triggering, and quality checks. WAMS allow real-time monitoring of grid dynamics to detect and prevent instability issues, providing benefits over traditional SCADA systems with slower sampling. The document reviews several WAMS implementations at utilities in countries like Finland, Switzerland, Croatia, Austria, and Thailand.
This document discusses active and reactive power flow control using a Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC). The SSSC injects a controllable voltage in series with a transmission line to regulate power flow. It can control both real and reactive power flow to improve transmission efficiency. The SSSC consists of a voltage source converter connected to the line via a transformer. It provides advantages like power factor correction, load balancing, and reducing harmonic distortion.
This document discusses different types of firing angle control schemes for HVDC converters, including individual phase control (IPC) and equidistant phase control (EPC). IPC allows independent control of each phase's firing angle based on commutation voltages. EPC generates firing angles at equal intervals through a ring counter. Higher-level controllers are also discussed that can control DC power modulation for frequency regulation, emergency control, reactive power control, and damping of sub-synchronous oscillations. Voltage source converter control is mentioned, where the modulation index and phase angle are used to regulate active and reactive power flow.
Input output , heat rate characteristics and Incremental costEklavya Sharma
This document discusses the input-output, heat rate, and incremental cost characteristics of thermal power plants. It defines input-output characteristics as a plot of fuel input versus power output. Heat rate is the ratio of fuel input to energy output and is the slope of the input-output curve. An incremental fuel rate curve plots the incremental fuel rate, or change in input divided by change in output, versus output. The incremental cost curve multiplies incremental fuel rate by fuel cost to determine incremental cost in monetary terms per unit of output. Economic dispatch of power plants aims to minimize total incremental costs while meeting demand.
This document is a study report on reactive power compensation using STATCOM. It includes an introduction to reactive power and compensation techniques like shunt and series compensation. It discusses FACTS devices used for compensation with a focus on STATCOM. The report studies load flow analysis, phase angle control of STATCOM, and includes acknowledgments and an abstract analyzing the effects of implementing STATCOM on a six bus system.
statcom-grid connected wind energy generating system for power qualityy impro...Venu Gopal
—Injection of the wind power into an electric grid affects the power quality. The performance of the wind turbine and thereby power quality are determined on the basis of measurements and the norms followed according to the guideline specified in International Electro-technical Commission standard, IEC-61400. The influence of the wind turbine in the grid system concerning the power quality measurements are-the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation and these are measured according to national/international guidelines. The paper study demonstrates the power quality problem due to installation of wind turbinewith the grid. In thisproposed scheme STATic COMpensator (STATCOM) is connected at a point of common coupling with a battery energy storage system (BESS) to mitigate the power quality issues. The battery energy storage is integrated to sustain the real power source under fluctuating wind power. The STATCOM control scheme for the grid connected wind energy generation system for power quality improvement is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK in power system block set. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme relives the main supply source from the reactivepower demand of the load and the induction generator. The development of the grid co-ordination rule and the scheme for improvement in power quality norms as per IEC-standard on the grid has been presented
The document discusses using a STATCOM and battery energy storage system to improve power quality from a grid-connected wind energy system. It proposes a control scheme where the STATCOM injects current to cancel out reactive and harmonic parts of current from the induction generator and nonlinear load. It presents the system topology, operation, bang-bang controller for the STATCOM, and simulation results showing the STATCOM reduces total harmonic distortion of source current from 4.06% to 0.40%, improving power quality. The document concludes that the STATCOM-BESS control system eliminates harmonic load current and maintains unity power factor and in-phase voltages and currents at the source.
Reactive power management and voltage control by using statcomHussain Ali
This document summarizes the use of STATCOM devices for reactive power management and voltage control in transmission lines. It defines reactive power and explains the need for reactive power compensation. It then defines FACTS devices and specifically STATCOMs, describing their basic structure and principle of operation for generating and absorbing reactive power. The document discusses how STATCOMs can provide benefits like reactive power control, voltage regulation, and increased transmission capacity. It provides an example of a 500 MVAR STATCOM installed between Qatar and Bahrain for reactive power compensation and concludes that STATCOMs allow tighter voltage control and improved reliability compared to traditional capacitor banks.
This document describes a project to improve power quality using a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). The UPQC compensates for voltage disturbances and improves current quality using active power filters. It maintains the load voltage despite supply variations. The document outlines the objectives, introduces UPQC components like the shunt and series active power filters, and describes the multivariable controller and Simulink model. The UPQC provides advantages like reduced harmonics, improved waveform quality, and balanced power factor.
Gcsc gto thyristor controlled series capacitorLEOPAUL23
The document discusses the GTO Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (GCSC), which consists of a fixed capacitor in parallel with an anti-parallel GTO pair. The GCSC can continuously vary the voltage across the capacitor between zero and its maximum value by controlling the turn-off delay angle of the thyristor valve. It works by closing and opening the thyristor valve in synchronism with the supply frequency. The GCSC can operate in either voltage compensating mode, to maintain a rated compensating voltage over a range of line currents, or in reactance compensating mode, to maintain a maximum rated compensating reactance at any line current.
A STATCOM CONTROL SCHEME FOR POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF GRID CONNECTED TO W...Power System Operation
Introduction to the project
Aim of the project
Objective of the project
FACTS devices
Introduction to STATCOM
Control characteristics of STATCOM
Renewable energy sources
Introduction to wind energy
Operation of double fed induction generator
MATLAB/SIMULINK software
Simulation results.
Conclusion
Statcom control scheme for power quality improvement of grid connected wind e...Kinnera Kin
This project aims to improve power quality for a grid-connected wind energy system using a STATCOM. The objectives are to maintain unity power factor at the source, meet reactive power needs of the wind generator and non-linear load, and provide fast response using hysteresis current control for the STATCOM. MATLAB/Simulink software is used to simulate the system both with and without STATCOM. The simulation results show that with STATCOM, harmonic distortion is eliminated in the load current and power quality is maintained at the point of common coupling.
The document discusses power quality issues caused by nonlinear loads and various power quality conditioners used to address these issues. It introduces the unified power quality conditioner (UPQC), which integrates series and shunt active power filters to compensate for both voltage and current-related power quality problems. The UPQC can mitigate issues like harmonics, voltage sags and swells, reactive power, power factor, and load unbalance. It operates by injecting compensating currents from the shunt filter and generating compensating voltages from the series filter to regulate the supply voltage and current waveforms seen by the load. The UPQC provides a comprehensive solution for improving power quality in distribution systems.
This document provides information about flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) including opportunities for FACTS, types of FACTS controllers, and their relative importance. It discusses how FACTS controllers can control parameters like line impedance, phase angle, and voltage injection to regulate power flow. The key types of FACTS controllers are series, shunt, and combined series-series or series-shunt configurations. Series controllers directly impact current and power flow, while shunt controllers control voltage. Combined controllers allow coordinated control and real power transfer between elements.
This document discusses static shunt compensation on transmission lines. Shunt compensation can increase steady-state transmittable power and control voltage profiles by using shunt reactors to minimize overvoltage under light loads and shunt capacitors to maintain voltage levels under heavy loads. Midpoint shunt compensation regulates voltage along line segments by exchanging only reactive power at the midpoint, significantly increasing transmittable power as the midpoint has the maximum voltage sag. End of line shunt compensation also provides voltage support to prevent instability.
Classification of unified power quality compensatorsDuvvuruSravya
This document classifies unified power quality compensators (UPQCs) in four ways:
1. By converter - either voltage source converter (VSC) based or current source converter (CSC) based, with VSC using IGBTs and allowing multilevel operation while CSC uses inductors for energy storage.
2. By topology - as a combination of DSTATCOM and DVR connected either in right or left shunt configuration to regulate voltage and eliminate harmonics.
3. By supply system - as two-wire, three-wire, or four-wire UPQCs to compensate different applications like domestic appliances or adjustable speed drives.
4. By rating - as UPQC-Q injecting
This document presents an overview of reactive power compensation. It defines reactive power compensation as managing reactive power to improve AC system performance. There are two main aspects: load compensation to increase power factor and voltage regulation, and voltage support to decrease voltage fluctuations. Several methods of reactive power compensation are discussed, including shunt compensation using capacitors and reactors, series compensation, static VAR compensators (SVCs), static compensators (STATCOMs), and synchronous condensers. SVC and STATCOM technologies are compared, with STATCOMs having advantages of smaller components, better control, and transient response.
This document discusses using a STATCOM to improve power quality in a grid-connected wind energy system. A STATCOM is a voltage-source converter that can compensate for voltage fluctuations on AC transmission lines. The document examines power quality issues like voltage variations and harmonics in wind energy systems. It presents test results showing that a STATCOM maintains the source voltage and current in-phase to support the reactive power demand of the wind generator and load. The STATCOM fulfills power quality standards and can eliminate or reduce voltage fluctuations at the plant input.
1. The document discusses power system stability, including classifications of power system states as steady state, dynamic state, and transient state.
2. It describes synchronous machine swing equation and power angle equation, which relate the mechanical power input to the electrical power output of a generator through the power/torque angle.
3. An example calculation is shown to find the steady state power limit of a power system with a generator connected to an infinite bus through a transmission line.
These slides present the introduction to FACTS devices. Later we will discuss about its modelling and control aspect applications. This comes under the topic on power electronics application in smart and microgrid systems.
This document discusses wide area monitoring systems (WAMS) and their components. WAMS use phasor measurement units (PMU) synchronized by GPS to measure voltage and currents across large areas of the power grid. A phasor data concentrator (PDC) collects PMU data and performs monitoring, alarming, event triggering, and quality checks. WAMS allow real-time monitoring of grid dynamics to detect and prevent instability issues, providing benefits over traditional SCADA systems with slower sampling. The document reviews several WAMS implementations at utilities in countries like Finland, Switzerland, Croatia, Austria, and Thailand.
This document discusses active and reactive power flow control using a Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC). The SSSC injects a controllable voltage in series with a transmission line to regulate power flow. It can control both real and reactive power flow to improve transmission efficiency. The SSSC consists of a voltage source converter connected to the line via a transformer. It provides advantages like power factor correction, load balancing, and reducing harmonic distortion.
This document discusses different types of firing angle control schemes for HVDC converters, including individual phase control (IPC) and equidistant phase control (EPC). IPC allows independent control of each phase's firing angle based on commutation voltages. EPC generates firing angles at equal intervals through a ring counter. Higher-level controllers are also discussed that can control DC power modulation for frequency regulation, emergency control, reactive power control, and damping of sub-synchronous oscillations. Voltage source converter control is mentioned, where the modulation index and phase angle are used to regulate active and reactive power flow.
Input output , heat rate characteristics and Incremental costEklavya Sharma
This document discusses the input-output, heat rate, and incremental cost characteristics of thermal power plants. It defines input-output characteristics as a plot of fuel input versus power output. Heat rate is the ratio of fuel input to energy output and is the slope of the input-output curve. An incremental fuel rate curve plots the incremental fuel rate, or change in input divided by change in output, versus output. The incremental cost curve multiplies incremental fuel rate by fuel cost to determine incremental cost in monetary terms per unit of output. Economic dispatch of power plants aims to minimize total incremental costs while meeting demand.
This document is a study report on reactive power compensation using STATCOM. It includes an introduction to reactive power and compensation techniques like shunt and series compensation. It discusses FACTS devices used for compensation with a focus on STATCOM. The report studies load flow analysis, phase angle control of STATCOM, and includes acknowledgments and an abstract analyzing the effects of implementing STATCOM on a six bus system.
statcom-grid connected wind energy generating system for power qualityy impro...Venu Gopal
—Injection of the wind power into an electric grid affects the power quality. The performance of the wind turbine and thereby power quality are determined on the basis of measurements and the norms followed according to the guideline specified in International Electro-technical Commission standard, IEC-61400. The influence of the wind turbine in the grid system concerning the power quality measurements are-the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation and these are measured according to national/international guidelines. The paper study demonstrates the power quality problem due to installation of wind turbinewith the grid. In thisproposed scheme STATic COMpensator (STATCOM) is connected at a point of common coupling with a battery energy storage system (BESS) to mitigate the power quality issues. The battery energy storage is integrated to sustain the real power source under fluctuating wind power. The STATCOM control scheme for the grid connected wind energy generation system for power quality improvement is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK in power system block set. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme relives the main supply source from the reactivepower demand of the load and the induction generator. The development of the grid co-ordination rule and the scheme for improvement in power quality norms as per IEC-standard on the grid has been presented
The document discusses using a STATCOM and battery energy storage system to improve power quality from a grid-connected wind energy system. It proposes a control scheme where the STATCOM injects current to cancel out reactive and harmonic parts of current from the induction generator and nonlinear load. It presents the system topology, operation, bang-bang controller for the STATCOM, and simulation results showing the STATCOM reduces total harmonic distortion of source current from 4.06% to 0.40%, improving power quality. The document concludes that the STATCOM-BESS control system eliminates harmonic load current and maintains unity power factor and in-phase voltages and currents at the source.
The document discusses modeling and simulation of a STATCOM (static synchronous compensator) system for improving power quality when supplying an arc furnace, which introduces disturbances. It presents PSCAD models of the electrical network, arc furnace load, 12-pulse and 24-pulse STATCOM configurations, and a measurement system. Simulation results show the STATCOM's effectiveness in compensating for disturbances from the arc furnace load and maintaining good power quality at the point of common coupling.
The document presents a STATCOM control scheme for improving power quality in a grid-connected wind energy generation system. A battery energy storage system is integrated with the STATCOM to help stabilize the grid during fluctuations in wind power. The control scheme is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. Results show the STATCOM is able to maintain unity power factor at the point of common coupling, reducing harmonics to below 0.01% and frequency oscillations to less than 1%. This allows the system to meet power quality standards while supporting the wind generator and loads on the grid.
This paper focus on distribution system by applying different control techniques in order to improve the performance of the system. In the distribution system mainly concentrate on power quality issues like reactive power control, harmonic elimination, power factor correction, etc. Because of power quality problems voltage, current, frequency are continuously changing in power systems. These changes will effects the performance of power systems. Power quality problems can be compensated by placing DSTATCOM which is connected at PCC in parallel. It is shunt connected VSI along with the filters, with the help of DSTATCOM voltage sag, swell and THD can be controlled. This paper presents detailed explanation about performance and configuration of latest control techniques to control the DSTATCOM.
The document discusses using a Static Compensator (STATCOM) connected to a point of common coupling along with a battery energy storage system (BESS) to mitigate power quality issues when injecting wind power into the electric grid. STATCOM regulates voltage by rapidly injecting or absorbing reactive power to stabilize the grid during fluctuations from wind power. BESS helps sustain real power by charging and discharging. Simulation results show the STATCOM maintains unity power factor at the source and compensates for nonlinear loads and reactive power demand, fulfilling power quality norms. Potential applications of STATCOM include voltage control and compensating large load variations.
Injection of the wind power into an electric grid affects the power quality. The performance of the wind turbine and thereby power quality are determined on the basis of measurements and the norms followed according to the guideline specified in International Electro-technical Commission standard, IEC-61400. The influence of the wind turbine in the grid system concerning the power quality measurements are-the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation and these are measured according to national/international guidelines. The paper study demonstrates the power quality problem due to installation of wind turbine with the grid. In this proposed scheme STATic COMpensator (STATCOM) is connected at a point of common coupling with a battery energy storage system (BESS) to mitigate the power quality issues. The battery energy storage is integrated to sustain the real power source under fluctuating wind power. The STATCOM control scheme for the grid connected wind energy generation system for power quality improvement is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK in power system block set. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme relives the main supply source from the reactive power demand of the load and the induction generator. The development of the grid co-ordination rule and the scheme for improvement in power quality norms as per IEC-standard on the grid has been presented.
The document discusses injecting wind power into the electric grid and improving power quality. It proposes connecting a static compensator (STATCOM) with a battery energy storage system (BESS) at the point of common coupling to mitigate power quality issues caused by fluctuating wind power. The STATCOM maintains the source voltage and current in phase and supports the reactive power demand of the wind generator and load. Simulation results show the STATCOM cancels harmonic parts of the load current and maintains unity power factor, fulfilling power quality standards.
Improved Power Quality by using STATCOM Under Various Loading ConditionsIJMTST Journal
This document discusses improving power quality using a STATCOM under various loading conditions. It first provides background on power quality issues and defines STATCOM. It then describes the system topology which includes a wind energy generation system connected to the grid along with a STATCOM and battery energy storage system. Two control schemes for the STATCOM are proposed: Bang-Bang current control and fuzzy logic control. Simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink are presented for various cases including balanced/unbalanced linear and non-linear loads, showing the STATCOM is able to mitigate power quality issues and regulate voltage.
This document proposes using a static compensator (STATCOM) connected to a battery energy storage system (BESS) to mitigate power quality issues from wind energy generation. Wind power fluctuates due to changing wind speed, which affects power quality. The STATCOM injects reactive power from the BESS to absorb harmonic current and regulate voltage. This improves power quality by making the source current harmonic-free and stabilizing the system voltage. The combination of BESS and STATCOM helps compensate for wind power fluctuations and produces higher quality power from the wind generation system.
This document proposes using a static compensator (STATCOM) connected to a battery energy storage system (BESS) to mitigate power quality issues from wind energy generation. Wind power fluctuates due to changing wind speed, which affects power quality. The STATCOM and BESS work together to absorb or inject reactive power and regulate real power flow to the load. Excess power generated during low demand hours can be stored in the batteries. This combination of battery storage and wind generation helps stabilize the output waveform and improve power quality at the point of common coupling.
This document proposes using a static compensator (STATCOM) connected to a battery energy storage system (BESS) to mitigate power quality issues from wind energy generation. Wind power fluctuates due to changing wind speed, which affects power quality. The STATCOM and BESS work together to absorb or inject reactive power and regulate real power flow to the load. Excess power generated during low demand hours can be stored in the batteries. This combination of battery storage and wind generation helps stabilize the output waveform and improve power quality at the point of common coupling.
The document discusses improving power quality in a grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) distribution system using a hybrid control scheme and shunt active power filter. The hybrid control scheme uses FLPID, MCCF, and MSOGI-FLL algorithms to separate fundamental components from grid voltages and load currents to mitigate harmonics. It aims to destroy voltage and current harmonics in the PV system. The control scheme regulates the DC link voltage to maintain stable power transfer between the DC and AC sides under transient conditions. Simulation results show the proposed control scheme effectively improves power quality compared to other techniques.
This document discusses power quality improvement in a multi-machine system using STATCOM. It begins with an abstract that outlines using STATCOM to maintain voltage stability and improve power factor and harmonic reduction with a wind turbine connected to the grid. It then discusses how wind power injection affects power quality according to IEC standards. The paper studies power quality issues caused by installing a wind turbine and proposes using STATCOM at the point of common connection to mitigate these issues. It simulates the STATCOM control scheme for the wind energy system using MATLAB to show its effectiveness in improving power quality by relieving the main supply of reactive power demands.
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...IJERD Editor
This document summarizes a research paper about using a STATCOM to improve power quality for a grid-connected wind energy system supplying both balanced and unbalanced nonlinear loads. The paper introduces power quality issues caused by wind generation systems and describes how a STATCOM connected to a battery energy storage system can mitigate these issues. Simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink show that the STATCOM is able to regulate voltage and current waveforms at the point of common coupling and maintain unity power factor for both types of loads.
This document presents a control scheme for a D-STATCOM (distribution static compensator) to compensate for power factor and harmonic current in an electric power distribution system. It begins by introducing D-STATCOM technology and its role in providing reactive power support and voltage regulation on distribution feeders. It then describes the proposed control scheme, which is based on instantaneous power theory and aims to make the source current purely sinusoidal with unity power factor. Simulation results are presented comparing the proposed control scheme to an existing one, showing the new scheme achieves unity power factor compensation after a load is switched on.
POWER QUALITY ISSUE WITH GRID CONNECTED WIND ENERGY SYSTRMRavijesh Kumar
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2. Introduction
Aim and Objectives
Power Quality Definition and standards
Power Quality Issues and need for Power
Quality
Power Quality Mitigation Techniques
Literature Survey
FACTS Device -STATCOM
STATCOM With Battery Energy Storage
System
Integration of wind turbine technology with
the grid
3. Proposed Topology for PQ Improvement
Block Diagram of proposed system
Control Scheme Parameter
Proposed system Implementation on
MATLAB
Outcomes
Applications and Advantages
Conclusion
References
4. • Aim of electric power system: To generate electrical energy and to deliver
this energy to end-user equipment at an acceptable voltage
• Power quality is becoming important to electricity utilizing consumers at all
levels of usage
• In integration of power generation system with grid we will experience the
power quality problems
• The factors that are affecting power quality are voltage sag, voltage
variation, interruption, swells, brownout, distortions, Harmonic, noise,
voltage spikes, voltage flicker etc.
• The above problems may overcome by using compensation devices or
compensate load
• These devices include static compensator (STATCOM), Dynamic voltage
restorer (DVR), and unified power quality compensator (UPQC) to obtain
Better performance which is simulated by using MATLAB
5. • Our Aim is to study and implement the STATCOM-BESS
(Battery Energy Storage System) system and its impact on
the power quality in a system which consists of Wind Turbine
Generator (WTG), non-linear load, Bang-Bang controller for
monitoring the operation of STATCOM and grid connected
wind energy system
• The model is simulated in the MATLAB/Simulink
• This scheme mitigates the power quality issues, improves
voltage profile and also reduces Total Harmonic Distortions of
the waveforms
6. The PROPOSED SCHEME has the following objectives for
mitigation of Power Quality Issues:
• Reactive Power Compensation
• Implement Unity Power Factor at the PCC
• Make the source current sinusoidal
• Reduction of Total Harmonics Distortion
• Maintain Voltage Profile
• Implementation of Simple bang-bang controller for
STATCOM to achieve a fast and effective response
7. Good power quality can be defined as a steady supply
voltage that stays within the prescribed range, steady AC
frequency close to the rated value, and smooth voltage
curve waveform
The quality of electrical power may be described as a set of
values of parameters, such as:
Continuity of service
Variation in voltage magnitude
Transient voltages and currents
Harmonic content in the waveforms for AC power
Power Quality = Voltage Quality, P = V I
8. The International standards are developed by the working group of Technical
Committee-88 of the International Electro-technical Commission (IEC), IEC
Standard 61400-21 describes the procedure for determining the power quality
characteristics.
Standards defining power quality are:
1. IEEE P1433: Power quality definitions
2. IEEE P1453: Voltage flicker
3. IEEE P1564: Voltage sag indices
4. IEEE 1159: Recommended practice for monitoring electric power quality
5. IEEE 519: Recommended practices and requirements for harmonic control in
electrical power system
6. IEC SC77A/WG9: Power quality measurement methods
9. Reactive Power Demand
Harmonic Distortion
Voltage sags and swells
Under voltages and over-voltages
Voltage Unbalance
Voltage Flicker
Voltage Notching
Voltage Interruption
Transient Disturbances
Frequency variations
10. Allows the equipment to run on optimal energy
consumption.
Saves your electricity bill
Reduces your overall energy consumption and therefore
your carbon footprint
Using optimized power reduces the risk of equipment
breakdown or overheating
Reduces the frequency at which maintenance work will be
required by minimizing the ‘wear and tear’ on machinery
11. A Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS)
is used to enhance controllability and increase power transfer
capability of the network. In most of the applications the
controllability is used to avoid cost intensive.
TYPES OF FACTS DEVICES ARE
• SERIES DEVICES – SSSC, TCSC
• SHUNT DEVICES – STATCOM, SVC
• SERIES-SERIES DEVICES – IPFC, UPFC
• SERIES-SHUNT DEVICES – HVDC LINK
12. SR.NO NAME,
AUTHOR AND
YEAR
TITLE OF
PAPER
METHODOLOGY OUR REFERENCE
POINTS
1 Z. Yang, C. Shen, L.
Zhang, M. L. Crow,
and S. Atcitty, 2001
Integration of a
STATCOM and Battery
Energy Storage
This paper proposed control
strategies for voltage
control, dynamic stability, and
transmission capability
improvement, compared
simulation and
experimental results of an
integrated StatCom/BESS
system.
Enhancement of power
transmission system
operation by integrating a
Battery Energy Storage
System (BESS) into a
STATCOM
2 Tatsuto Kinjyo,
Tomonobu Senjyu,
Katsumi Uezato, Hideki
Fujita, and Toshihisa
Funabashi , 2004
Output Leveling of Wind
Energy Conversion
System by Current
Source ECS (Energy
Capacitor System)
This paper studied the power
storage system to promote
renewable energy and
proposed Current-Source ECS
(CS-ECS) to solve the issue of
conventional ECS to reduce
high internal-resistive loss of
EDLC cell
Compensate fluctuation of
the transmission power and
the WTG’s terminal bus
voltage respectively.
3 Kyungi Soo KOOK, Yilu
LIU, Stan ATCITTY ,
2006
Mitigation of the Wind
Generation Integration
Related Power Quality
Issues by Energy Storage
Illustrated the possible solution
to mitigate the integration
issues of the wind power by
application of the energy
storage to the wind farm in
power systems
Improving power system
stability is validated by
suppressing the power flow
fluctuation of the wind
farm
13. SR.NO NAME,
AUTHOR AND
YEAR
TITLE OF
PAPER
METHODOLOGY OUR REFERENCE
POINTS
4 J.J. Gutierrez, J. Ruiz,
L.A. Leturiondol, A.
Lazkanol, 2007
Flicker Measurement
System for Wind Turbine
Certification
This paper designed a flicker
measurement system that
meets the requirements
imposed by the standards
applicable to wind turbine
generator systems.
Assessment of power
quality in wind turbines in
accordance with the IEC
standard
5 Chong Han, Alex Q.
Huang, Mesut E. Baran,
Subhashish
Bhattacharya, Wayne
Litzenberger, Loren
Anderson, Anders L.
Johnson, and Abdel-
Aty Edris, 2008
STATCOM Impact Study
on the Integraion of a
Large Wind Farm into a
Weak Loop Power
System
The impact of Static
Synchronous Compensator
(STATCOM) to facilitate the
integration of a large Wind
Farm (WF) into a weak power
system was studied.
STATCOM control strategy
for voltage fluctuation
6 Sharad W. Mohod and
Mohan V. Aware, 2010
A STATCOM-Control
Scheme for Grid
Connected Wind Energy
System for Power
Quality Improvement”
In this proposed scheme STATic
COMpensator (STATCOM) is
connected at a point of
common coupling with a
battery energy storage system
(BESS) to mitigate the power
quality issues.
The STATCOM control
scheme for the grid
connected wind energy
generation system for
power quality
improvement.
14. • A Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM is a regulating
device used on alternating current electricity transmission
networks
• It is based on a power electronics voltage-source converter and
can act as either a source or sink of reactive AC power to an
electricity network
• It is inherently modular and electable
• STATCOM is installed to support electricity networks that have a
poor power factor and often poor voltage regulation
16. • The battery energy storage system (BESS) is used as an energy
storage element to support the wind farm during intermittencies
which also support grid during any disturbance and loss of
generation
• The BESS system is connected in parallel to the dc capacitor of
STATCOM
• The BESS will naturally maintain dc capacitor voltage constant
• It readily manages demand and supply of real power and also
injects or absorbed reactive power to stabilize the grid system
18. • The STATCOM based current control voltage source inverter
injects the current into the grid in such a way that the source
current are harmonic free and their phase-angle with respect
to source voltage has a desired value.
• The injected current will cancel out the reactive part and
harmonic part of the load and induction generator current,
thus it improves the power factor and the power quality.
20. • STATCOM is interfaced with the BESS system.
• The STATCOM-BESS system is then connected to the PCC in the
grid where non-linear loads and induction generator based
wind turbine are also interfaced.
• Bang-Band current controller is adopted to control and
monitor the STATCOM –BESS system performance.
• This control strategy controls the output of STATCOM in such a
manner so as to achieve power quality and resolve other
power quality issues in the electrical grid.
21. The control scheme approach is based on injecting
the currents into the grid using “bang-bang
controller.”
The controller uses a hysteresis current controlled
technique.
Using such technique, the controller keeps the
control system variable between boundaries of
hysteresis area and gives correct switching signals
for STATCOM.
The control system scheme for generating the
switching signals to the STATCOM is shown in
Figure.
23. Hysteresis (Bang-Bang/On-OFF Controller) is a feedback
controller that switches abruptly between two states.
These controller may be realized in terms of any element that
provides hysteresis.
Fig.6- of Bang-Bang Controller
24. • The proposed STATCOM with BESS is modeled and the transient performance
is studied by simulating in Simulink.
• The Simulink model consists of Wind energy system, Source, and Critical
load which is Asynchronous Generator.
• MATLAB parameters of following blocks are mentioned:
Sr. No Parameters Rating
1 Grid Voltage 3-Phase, 415V, 50hz
2 Asynchronous Induction
Generator
480V, 275KVA, 1800rpm
3 Line series Inductance 0.05e-3
4 Load Parameters 25KW
5 Inverter Parameters DC link Voltage = 800V DC link
Capacitance = 100µF Switching
frequency = 2kHz
26. • A nonlinear load consisting of diode bridge is used for simulating the
system.
• The operation of the system without Controller and STATCOM is
carried out.
• The inverter is Switched ON at 0.1 s.
• The source current wave form is non-sinusoidal without
controller.
• THD analysis of source current without controller is practiced.
• The simulation of proposed system is carried out using Simulink and
the THD is found to be 24.62 % without STATCOM-Bang-Bang
controlled technique.
29. • The simulation of proposed methodology has been carried out
using Simulink and the THD is found to be 24.62 % without the
Bang-Bang controlled technique.
• Non linear load distorts the grid current waveform and also
increase the harmonic component.
• Due to this, grid current is not in phase with the grid voltage
and its wave shape is also different from sine wave.
• Hence the power factor is not unity.
• Hence Power Quality is Disturbed.
32. When STATCOM controller is made ON at t=0.5s, without change
in any other load condition parameters, it starts to mitigate the
reactive demand as well as harmonic current.
The results of source current, load current and injected current
from STATCOM are in fig. 12(a), 12(b) and 12(c) respectively.
While Grid voltages and currents for Power Factor Improvement
and Reactive power Compensation are depicted in fig.(13)
The DC link voltage regulates the supply current within the grid
connected wind energy generating system, that is the reason DC
link voltage is maintained constant across the capacitor as shown
in Fig. (14).
33. Fig .12- Source current, Load current and Injected current
(a)
(b)
(c)
34.
35. It is observed that the source current on the grid is affected
due to the effects of non-linear load and wind generator, thus
purity of waveform may be lost on both sides in the system.
The source current without STATCOM operation is shown in
Fig (9).
Fig. 13- Power Factor Improvement and Reactive power Compensation
38. Fig. 16- THD Analysis With STATCOM Control Scheme
39. Power system voltage control application
Large electric arc furnace installation
Reactive power compensation application
Railway or underground system with huge load variation
40. The wind is free and with modern technology it can be
captured efficiently.
Uninterrupted power supply.
Wind power can go anywhere.
Wind power is cost effective
41. To eliminate the harmonic content of the load current
the STATCOM-BESS control system is used
Power quality is maintained at the point of common
Coupling
Hysteresis current control scheme in the STATCOM is
used for the fast dynamic response
It also maintains voltage and current in phase. That
means unity power factor is maintained at the source
end.
42. [1]Sharad W. Mohod and Mohan V. Aware, “A STATCOM-Control Scheme for Grid
Connected Wind Energy System for Power Quality Improvement” -IEEE
SYSTEMS JOURNAL, VOL. 4, NO. 3, SEPTEMBER 2010
[2]Mr.Ramesh Daravath and E.Deepika, “Power Quality Improvement In Grid
Connected Wind Energy System”- International Journal of Electronic and
Electrical Engineering. ISSN 0974-2174 Volume 8, Number 1 (2015), pp. 47-55,
International Research Publication House
[3]D. Srinivas , M. Rama Sekhara Reddy,” Power Quality Improvement in Grid
Connected Wind Energy System Using Facts Device and PID Controller”- IOSR
Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN, Volume 2, Issue 11 (November 2012)
[4]G.Srinivas, 2T. Santosh Chaitanya,” POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT USING
FACTS DEVICE (STATCOM)” VOLUME-2, ISSUE-5, 2015
[5] Quoc-Nam Trinh and Hong-Hee Lee, “An Enhanced Grid Current
Compensator for Grid-Connected Distributed Generation Under Nonlinear
Loads and Grid Voltage Distortions”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL
ELECTRONICS, 2013