EIGRP Jayanta
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•610 views
The document is a presentation on EIGRP that introduces the presenters and provides an overview of the routing protocol. It defines EIGRP as an enhancement of IGRP that uses hello, update, query, reply and acknowledgement packets to discover neighbors and propagate routing information. It also summarizes that EIGRP uses bandwidth, delay, load, and reliability metrics to calculate the best path, with the formula using reference bandwidth, interface bandwidth and delay to determine reported and feasible distances.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
eigrp
The document provides an overview of EIGRP including its history, features, operation, configuration and comparison to other routing protocols. EIGRP is a proprietary Cisco routing protocol that is based on distance vector routing but incorporates some link state features for faster convergence. It uses a composite metric and DUAL algorithm to determine the best paths. EIGRP forms neighbor relationships through hello messages and exchanges updates to share routing information.
Exploration routing chapter 10 & 11
The document discusses link-state routing protocols and OSPF in particular. It describes how link-state protocols build a topological map of the network and use the SPF algorithm to independently calculate the shortest path to all networks. OSPF is introduced as an example link-state protocol, with explanations of its message encapsulation, packet types, hello protocol for neighbor discovery, link-state updates for exchanging routing information, and basic configuration including setting the router ID and verifying OSPF neighbors. The document also covers how OSPF uses cost based on bandwidth as its routing metric.
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 4
The document discusses distance vector routing protocols. It describes how they work by maintaining routing tables using periodic updates that contain the entire routing table. Distance vector protocols can be prone to routing loops during convergence but employ mechanisms like split horizon and holddown timers to prevent loops. Examples of distance vector protocols include RIP and EIGRP.
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 9
This document provides an overview of the Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP). It describes EIGRP's history and evolution from IGRP, its message format, protocol dependent modules, reliable transport protocol, packet types, neighbor discovery process using hello packets, and route updates using partial bounded updates. It also covers EIGRP's Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) for loop prevention, administrative distance, authentication, and basic configuration including enabling EIGRP on interfaces and verifying neighbor relationships.
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 10
Link-state routing protocols use Dijkstra's shortest path first (SPF) algorithm to determine the optimal path to all destinations. Each router uses hello packets to discover neighbors and then floods link state packets (LSPs) throughout the network, allowing every router to build a topological map and independently calculate the shortest path to each destination using SPF trees. Common link-state routing protocols are Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS).
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 11
This document provides an overview of the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol. It describes OSPF's basic features and configuration, including enabling OSPF, configuring network statements, examining the routing table, and modifying interface costs. It also covers OSPF operations in multi-access networks such as Designated Router election and flooding reduction techniques.
CCNAv5 - S2: Chapter 6 Static Routing
CCNAv5
S2-Routing and Switching: static routing
Download here:
ccna5vn.wordpress.com
Blogspot:
ccna5vn.blogspot.com
Youtube Channel:
www.youtube.com/user/VuzBlog
Cisco Static routing
The document discusses static and dynamic routing. Static routing is suitable for small, stable networks and involves manually configuring routing tables. Dynamic routing uses routing protocols to automatically update routing tables and is better for larger networks with multiple routes that change frequently. The document also mentions configuring IP addresses and static routes on network devices to determine the path that packets will travel between networks.
Recommended
eigrp
The document provides an overview of EIGRP including its history, features, operation, configuration and comparison to other routing protocols. EIGRP is a proprietary Cisco routing protocol that is based on distance vector routing but incorporates some link state features for faster convergence. It uses a composite metric and DUAL algorithm to determine the best paths. EIGRP forms neighbor relationships through hello messages and exchanges updates to share routing information.
Exploration routing chapter 10 & 11
The document discusses link-state routing protocols and OSPF in particular. It describes how link-state protocols build a topological map of the network and use the SPF algorithm to independently calculate the shortest path to all networks. OSPF is introduced as an example link-state protocol, with explanations of its message encapsulation, packet types, hello protocol for neighbor discovery, link-state updates for exchanging routing information, and basic configuration including setting the router ID and verifying OSPF neighbors. The document also covers how OSPF uses cost based on bandwidth as its routing metric.
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 4
The document discusses distance vector routing protocols. It describes how they work by maintaining routing tables using periodic updates that contain the entire routing table. Distance vector protocols can be prone to routing loops during convergence but employ mechanisms like split horizon and holddown timers to prevent loops. Examples of distance vector protocols include RIP and EIGRP.
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 9
This document provides an overview of the Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP). It describes EIGRP's history and evolution from IGRP, its message format, protocol dependent modules, reliable transport protocol, packet types, neighbor discovery process using hello packets, and route updates using partial bounded updates. It also covers EIGRP's Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) for loop prevention, administrative distance, authentication, and basic configuration including enabling EIGRP on interfaces and verifying neighbor relationships.
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 10
Link-state routing protocols use Dijkstra's shortest path first (SPF) algorithm to determine the optimal path to all destinations. Each router uses hello packets to discover neighbors and then floods link state packets (LSPs) throughout the network, allowing every router to build a topological map and independently calculate the shortest path to each destination using SPF trees. Common link-state routing protocols are Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS).
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 11
This document provides an overview of the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol. It describes OSPF's basic features and configuration, including enabling OSPF, configuring network statements, examining the routing table, and modifying interface costs. It also covers OSPF operations in multi-access networks such as Designated Router election and flooding reduction techniques.
CCNAv5 - S2: Chapter 6 Static Routing
CCNAv5
S2-Routing and Switching: static routing
Download here:
ccna5vn.wordpress.com
Blogspot:
ccna5vn.blogspot.com
Youtube Channel:
www.youtube.com/user/VuzBlog
Cisco Static routing
The document discusses static and dynamic routing. Static routing is suitable for small, stable networks and involves manually configuring routing tables. Dynamic routing uses routing protocols to automatically update routing tables and is better for larger networks with multiple routes that change frequently. The document also mentions configuring IP addresses and static routes on network devices to determine the path that packets will travel between networks.
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 8
This document discusses routing tables, the routing table lookup process, and routing behaviors. It describes the hierarchical structure of routing tables, including level 1 routes and level 2 child routes. It also explains the routing table lookup process, which first examines level 1 routes, then checks for a match with child routes if the parent route matches. If no child route matches, the router will either drop the packet or search further depending on whether classful or classless routing behavior is configured.
CCNA Exploration 4 - Chapter 8
The document discusses network troubleshooting and access to wide area networks (WANs). It covers establishing a baseline for normal network performance, troubleshooting methodologies and tools, common WAN implementation issues, and troubleshooting enterprise network problems. Specific topics include documenting the network configuration, measuring baseline performance, using layered models for troubleshooting, addressing issues with quality of service, reliability, latency and other factors during WAN implementation.
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 7
RIPv2 is an enhancement of RIPv1 that supports VLSM, CIDR, and authentication. It addresses limitations of RIPv1 such as not sending subnet masks, not supporting discontiguous subnets or VLSM. RIPv2 configurations allow disabling auto-summarization, and its classless design extends support for CIDR addresses. Troubleshooting focuses on checking versions, network statements, and auto-summarization settings.
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 5
RIP version 1 is a classful distance vector routing protocol that uses hop count as its metric. It sends routing updates every 30 seconds and considers routes with a hop count greater than 15 to be unreachable. It performs automatic summarization which reduces the size of routing updates but does not support discontiguous subnets. Common commands to configure and verify RIP include router rip, network, show ip protocols, and debug ip rip.
Ccna routing and_switching_chapter-4-5
The document discusses networking concepts related to the physical and data link layers. It covers topics like physical layer protocols, Ethernet, cabling types (copper, fiber, wireless), network access methods, data link frames and addresses, and protocols like ARP. The presentation is intended to help students learn objectives for chapters 4 and 5 on network access, Ethernet, and related lower layer concepts.
CCNA4 Verson6 Chapter3
This document provides an overview of branch connection technologies including broadband connections like DSL and cable, VPNs, GRE tunnels, and eBGP routing. It discusses selecting broadband technologies based on business requirements, configuring PPPoE, implementing site-to-site and remote access VPNs, establishing GRE tunnels, and configuring eBGP in a single-homed remote access network. The chapter summaries highlight key topics like broadband options, PPPoE, VPN benefits, GRE tunneling, and eBGP design considerations.
CCNA3 Verson6 Chapter6
This document provides an overview of EIGRP including its characteristics, configuration, operation, and implementation for IPv4 and IPv6. It covers key topics such as EIGRP metrics, DUAL algorithm, neighbor discovery process, and verification commands. The document is intended to teach network engineers how to implement EIGRP routing in a small to medium sized business network.
Chapter 19 : single-area ospf
This document discusses the configuration and operation of single-area OSPF routing. It begins with an overview of OSPF components and operations, including neighbor discovery using Hello packets, link-state advertisement flooding, and SPF calculations. It then covers practical configuration topics like setting interface costs and passive interfaces. OSPFv3 operation and configuration is also summarized at a high level.
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 2
This document discusses static routing and provides configuration examples. It covers defining router roles, examining directly connected networks, configuring static routes with next hop addresses or exit interfaces, summarizing routes, and troubleshooting routing issues. Static routes allow routers to forward packets to destination networks manually without a dynamic routing protocol. Route summarization and default routes reduce routing table sizes.
CCNA Exploration 3 - Chapter 7
The document discusses configuring and troubleshooting wireless local area networks (WLANs). It covers wireless LAN topologies and components, security protocols and practices, and how to configure a wireless access point and network interface card. Troubleshooting techniques for wireless client access issues are also examined, including solving problems related to access point firmware, radio frequency interference, encryption settings, and authentication.
Advance eigrp
The document discusses advances in EIGRP routing protocol. It focuses on scaling enhancements including the introduction of EIGRP stubs which allow spoke routers in a hub-and-spoke network to signal that they should not be used as transit paths to reduce the number of queries and improve scaling. It also covers single peering over parallel links and other unspecified enhancements.
Eigrp
This document discusses Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) and introduces EIGRP named mode configuration. Key points include:
- EIGRP named mode provides a unified way to configure EIGRP across address families and service families in a single instance, avoiding scattered commands.
- It defines sub-modes for address families, service families, interfaces, and topologies to group related configuration.
- Interface configuration inherits settings from the default interface or factory defaults if not overridden.
- Corresponding show and debug commands now take arguments to specify address family, service family, or VRF for consistency with configuration mode.
Chapter 15 : routing concepts
1) Configure a router to route between multiple directly connected networks
2) Describe the primary functions and features of a router.
3) Explain how routers use information in data packets to make forwarding decisions in a small- to medium-sized business network.
4) Explain the encapsulation and de-encapsulation process used by routers when switching packets between interfaces.
5) Compare ways in which a router builds a routing table when operating in a small- to medium-sized business network.
6) Explain routing table entries for directly connected networks.
7) Explain how a router builds a routing table of directly connected networks.
8) Explain how a router builds a routing table using static routes.
9) Explain how a router builds a routing table using a dynamic routing protocol.
CCNAv5 - S3: Chapter8 EIGRP Advanced Configurations and Troubleshooting
CCNAv5
S3 - Scaling Network:
Chapter8 eigrp advanced configurations and troubleshooting
Download here:
ccna5vn.wordpress.com
ccna5vn.blogspot.com
Cehv8:
cehv8vn.blogspot.com
Youtube Channel:
www.youtube.com/user/VuzBlog
Chapter 18 : routing dynamically
1) Explain the basic operation of dynamic routing protocols.
2) Compare and contrast dynamic and static routing.
3) Determine which networks are available during an initial network discovery phase.
4) Define the different categories of routing protocols.
5) Describe the process by which distance vector routing protocols learn about other networks.
6) Identify the types of distance-vector routing protocols.
7) Configure the RIP routing protocol.
8) Configure the RIPng routing protocol.
9) Explain the process by which link-state routing protocols learn about other networks.
10) Describe the information sent in a link-state update.
11) Describe advantages and disadvantages of using link-state routing protocols.
12) Identify protocols that use the link-state routing process. (OSPF, IS-IS)
13) Determine the route source, administrative distance, and metric for a given route.
14) Explain the concept of a parent/child relationship in a dynamically built routing table.
15) Compare the IPv4 classless route lookup process and the IPv6 lookup process.
16) Analyze a routing table to determine which route will be used to forward a packet.
CCNAv5 - S3: Chapter6 Multiarea OSPF
CCNAv5
S3 - Scaling Network:
Chapter6 multiarea ospf
Download here:
ccna5vn.wordpress.com
Blogspot:
ccna5vn.blogspot.com
Youtube Channel:
www.youtube.com/user/VuzBlog
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 6
The document discusses classful and classless IP addressing. With classful addressing, IP addresses are divided into classes based on the first octet, but this led to inefficient address usage. Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) was introduced to allow Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) for more flexible subnetting. This allows networks to be divided into subnets of various sizes to better match addressing needs and allows routing to be summarized to reduce routing table sizes.
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 7
This document discusses dynamic routing protocols and provides an overview of how they operate. It explains that dynamic routing protocols automatically share information about remote networks to determine the best path. The document compares static and dynamic routing, and outlines the basic process by which routers using dynamic routing protocols like RIP discover networks, exchange routing information, and update their routing tables. Objectives of the chapter are also listed, such as explaining dynamic routing operation and configuring RIP and OSPF protocols.
CCNA Exploration 3 - Chapter 6
This document discusses configuring inter-VLAN routing between VLANs on a converged network. It outlines objectives to explain how network traffic is routed between VLANs using different routing options, configure inter-VLAN routing on a router, and troubleshoot common connectivity issues. The summary explains that inter-VLAN routing requires a router or layer 3 switch to route between VLANs, and discusses traditional routing using multiple router interfaces per VLAN versus a "router on a stick" topology using subinterfaces on a single router interface connected to a layer 2 switch.
Cisco CCNA module 6
This document provides an overview of Ethernet fundamentals, including:
- Ethernet is a bus network where multiple computers share a transmission medium and must wait their turn to transmit.
- It operates at the physical and data link layers of the OSI model.
- Ethernet frames include source and destination MAC addresses, data, and error checking fields.
- CSMA/CD is used for media access where devices listen before transmitting and can detect collisions.
- Ethernet has been successful due to its simplicity, ability to evolve with new technologies, reliability, and low cost.
Cidr.ppt
This document discusses route summarization and Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR). It aims to describe how to implement route summarization, calculate route summarization, and explain CIDR implementation. The key topics covered are summarizing routes within an octet, summarizing addresses in a VLSM network, how CIDR alleviates address exhaustion and reduces routing table sizes by allowing block addresses to be summarized without regard to classful boundaries. Examples are provided to illustrate route summarization and CIDR.
C I D R
The document discusses the transition from classful networks to classless inter-domain routing (CIDR) networks. CIDR allows for more flexibility in assigning blocks of IP addresses and improves routing efficiency by allowing routes to be aggregated. Valid CIDR blocks must have the host bits set to zero so the address falls on the network boundary. Large blocks are allocated by regional organizations like RIPE and then assigned to ISPs and other organizations in smaller blocks.
More Related Content
What's hot
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 8
This document discusses routing tables, the routing table lookup process, and routing behaviors. It describes the hierarchical structure of routing tables, including level 1 routes and level 2 child routes. It also explains the routing table lookup process, which first examines level 1 routes, then checks for a match with child routes if the parent route matches. If no child route matches, the router will either drop the packet or search further depending on whether classful or classless routing behavior is configured.
CCNA Exploration 4 - Chapter 8
The document discusses network troubleshooting and access to wide area networks (WANs). It covers establishing a baseline for normal network performance, troubleshooting methodologies and tools, common WAN implementation issues, and troubleshooting enterprise network problems. Specific topics include documenting the network configuration, measuring baseline performance, using layered models for troubleshooting, addressing issues with quality of service, reliability, latency and other factors during WAN implementation.
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 7
RIPv2 is an enhancement of RIPv1 that supports VLSM, CIDR, and authentication. It addresses limitations of RIPv1 such as not sending subnet masks, not supporting discontiguous subnets or VLSM. RIPv2 configurations allow disabling auto-summarization, and its classless design extends support for CIDR addresses. Troubleshooting focuses on checking versions, network statements, and auto-summarization settings.
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 5
RIP version 1 is a classful distance vector routing protocol that uses hop count as its metric. It sends routing updates every 30 seconds and considers routes with a hop count greater than 15 to be unreachable. It performs automatic summarization which reduces the size of routing updates but does not support discontiguous subnets. Common commands to configure and verify RIP include router rip, network, show ip protocols, and debug ip rip.
Ccna routing and_switching_chapter-4-5
The document discusses networking concepts related to the physical and data link layers. It covers topics like physical layer protocols, Ethernet, cabling types (copper, fiber, wireless), network access methods, data link frames and addresses, and protocols like ARP. The presentation is intended to help students learn objectives for chapters 4 and 5 on network access, Ethernet, and related lower layer concepts.
CCNA4 Verson6 Chapter3
This document provides an overview of branch connection technologies including broadband connections like DSL and cable, VPNs, GRE tunnels, and eBGP routing. It discusses selecting broadband technologies based on business requirements, configuring PPPoE, implementing site-to-site and remote access VPNs, establishing GRE tunnels, and configuring eBGP in a single-homed remote access network. The chapter summaries highlight key topics like broadband options, PPPoE, VPN benefits, GRE tunneling, and eBGP design considerations.
CCNA3 Verson6 Chapter6
This document provides an overview of EIGRP including its characteristics, configuration, operation, and implementation for IPv4 and IPv6. It covers key topics such as EIGRP metrics, DUAL algorithm, neighbor discovery process, and verification commands. The document is intended to teach network engineers how to implement EIGRP routing in a small to medium sized business network.
Chapter 19 : single-area ospf
This document discusses the configuration and operation of single-area OSPF routing. It begins with an overview of OSPF components and operations, including neighbor discovery using Hello packets, link-state advertisement flooding, and SPF calculations. It then covers practical configuration topics like setting interface costs and passive interfaces. OSPFv3 operation and configuration is also summarized at a high level.
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 2
This document discusses static routing and provides configuration examples. It covers defining router roles, examining directly connected networks, configuring static routes with next hop addresses or exit interfaces, summarizing routes, and troubleshooting routing issues. Static routes allow routers to forward packets to destination networks manually without a dynamic routing protocol. Route summarization and default routes reduce routing table sizes.
CCNA Exploration 3 - Chapter 7
The document discusses configuring and troubleshooting wireless local area networks (WLANs). It covers wireless LAN topologies and components, security protocols and practices, and how to configure a wireless access point and network interface card. Troubleshooting techniques for wireless client access issues are also examined, including solving problems related to access point firmware, radio frequency interference, encryption settings, and authentication.
Advance eigrp
The document discusses advances in EIGRP routing protocol. It focuses on scaling enhancements including the introduction of EIGRP stubs which allow spoke routers in a hub-and-spoke network to signal that they should not be used as transit paths to reduce the number of queries and improve scaling. It also covers single peering over parallel links and other unspecified enhancements.
Eigrp
This document discusses Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) and introduces EIGRP named mode configuration. Key points include:
- EIGRP named mode provides a unified way to configure EIGRP across address families and service families in a single instance, avoiding scattered commands.
- It defines sub-modes for address families, service families, interfaces, and topologies to group related configuration.
- Interface configuration inherits settings from the default interface or factory defaults if not overridden.
- Corresponding show and debug commands now take arguments to specify address family, service family, or VRF for consistency with configuration mode.
Chapter 15 : routing concepts
1) Configure a router to route between multiple directly connected networks
2) Describe the primary functions and features of a router.
3) Explain how routers use information in data packets to make forwarding decisions in a small- to medium-sized business network.
4) Explain the encapsulation and de-encapsulation process used by routers when switching packets between interfaces.
5) Compare ways in which a router builds a routing table when operating in a small- to medium-sized business network.
6) Explain routing table entries for directly connected networks.
7) Explain how a router builds a routing table of directly connected networks.
8) Explain how a router builds a routing table using static routes.
9) Explain how a router builds a routing table using a dynamic routing protocol.
CCNAv5 - S3: Chapter8 EIGRP Advanced Configurations and Troubleshooting
CCNAv5
S3 - Scaling Network:
Chapter8 eigrp advanced configurations and troubleshooting
Download here:
ccna5vn.wordpress.com
ccna5vn.blogspot.com
Cehv8:
cehv8vn.blogspot.com
Youtube Channel:
www.youtube.com/user/VuzBlog
Chapter 18 : routing dynamically
1) Explain the basic operation of dynamic routing protocols.
2) Compare and contrast dynamic and static routing.
3) Determine which networks are available during an initial network discovery phase.
4) Define the different categories of routing protocols.
5) Describe the process by which distance vector routing protocols learn about other networks.
6) Identify the types of distance-vector routing protocols.
7) Configure the RIP routing protocol.
8) Configure the RIPng routing protocol.
9) Explain the process by which link-state routing protocols learn about other networks.
10) Describe the information sent in a link-state update.
11) Describe advantages and disadvantages of using link-state routing protocols.
12) Identify protocols that use the link-state routing process. (OSPF, IS-IS)
13) Determine the route source, administrative distance, and metric for a given route.
14) Explain the concept of a parent/child relationship in a dynamically built routing table.
15) Compare the IPv4 classless route lookup process and the IPv6 lookup process.
16) Analyze a routing table to determine which route will be used to forward a packet.
CCNAv5 - S3: Chapter6 Multiarea OSPF
CCNAv5
S3 - Scaling Network:
Chapter6 multiarea ospf
Download here:
ccna5vn.wordpress.com
Blogspot:
ccna5vn.blogspot.com
Youtube Channel:
www.youtube.com/user/VuzBlog
CCNA Exploration 2 - Chapter 6
The document discusses classful and classless IP addressing. With classful addressing, IP addresses are divided into classes based on the first octet, but this led to inefficient address usage. Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) was introduced to allow Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) for more flexible subnetting. This allows networks to be divided into subnets of various sizes to better match addressing needs and allows routing to be summarized to reduce routing table sizes.
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 7
This document discusses dynamic routing protocols and provides an overview of how they operate. It explains that dynamic routing protocols automatically share information about remote networks to determine the best path. The document compares static and dynamic routing, and outlines the basic process by which routers using dynamic routing protocols like RIP discover networks, exchange routing information, and update their routing tables. Objectives of the chapter are also listed, such as explaining dynamic routing operation and configuring RIP and OSPF protocols.
CCNA Exploration 3 - Chapter 6
This document discusses configuring inter-VLAN routing between VLANs on a converged network. It outlines objectives to explain how network traffic is routed between VLANs using different routing options, configure inter-VLAN routing on a router, and troubleshoot common connectivity issues. The summary explains that inter-VLAN routing requires a router or layer 3 switch to route between VLANs, and discusses traditional routing using multiple router interfaces per VLAN versus a "router on a stick" topology using subinterfaces on a single router interface connected to a layer 2 switch.
Cisco CCNA module 6
This document provides an overview of Ethernet fundamentals, including:
- Ethernet is a bus network where multiple computers share a transmission medium and must wait their turn to transmit.
- It operates at the physical and data link layers of the OSI model.
- Ethernet frames include source and destination MAC addresses, data, and error checking fields.
- CSMA/CD is used for media access where devices listen before transmitting and can detect collisions.
- Ethernet has been successful due to its simplicity, ability to evolve with new technologies, reliability, and low cost.
What's hot (20)
CCNAv5 - S3: Chapter8 EIGRP Advanced Configurations and Troubleshooting
CCNAv5 - S3: Chapter8 EIGRP Advanced Configurations and Troubleshooting
Viewers also liked
Cidr.ppt
This document discusses route summarization and Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR). It aims to describe how to implement route summarization, calculate route summarization, and explain CIDR implementation. The key topics covered are summarizing routes within an octet, summarizing addresses in a VLSM network, how CIDR alleviates address exhaustion and reduces routing table sizes by allowing block addresses to be summarized without regard to classful boundaries. Examples are provided to illustrate route summarization and CIDR.
C I D R
The document discusses the transition from classful networks to classless inter-domain routing (CIDR) networks. CIDR allows for more flexibility in assigning blocks of IP addresses and improves routing efficiency by allowing routes to be aggregated. Valid CIDR blocks must have the host bits set to zero so the address falls on the network boundary. Large blocks are allocated by regional organizations like RIPE and then assigned to ISPs and other organizations in smaller blocks.
Layer 3 redundancy hsrp
This document discusses layer 3 redundancy protocols. It describes routing issues with redundancy and protocols like HSRP, VRRP, and GLBP that provide a redundant default gateway. HSRP defines an active-standby router group that uses a virtual IP address. GLBP provides load balancing across multiple routers and gateway redundancy through automatic failover.
Overview of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP & RSTP)
This document provides an overview of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP), which are protocols used to create a loop-free topology in Ethernet networks. It describes the goal of preventing broadcast storms by eliminating loops. Key aspects of STP covered include the root bridge, port roles (root port, designated port, non-designated port), BPDUs, path costs, and how STP establishes a loop-free topology for bridged network segments. The document also provides standards information for various STP implementations.
Difference b/w STP RSTP PVST & MSTP
Difference between Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and Rapid Spanning Tree
Protocol (RSTP)
1. The main difference between Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP IEEE 802.1W) and Spanning
Tree Protocol (STP IEEE 802.1D) is that Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP IEEE 802.1W)
assumes the three Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) ports states Listening, Blocking, and Disabled are
same (these states do not forward Ethernet frames and they do not learn MAC addresses).
Hence Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP IEEE 802.1W) places them all into a new called
Discarding state. Learning and forwarding ports remain more or less the same.
Cisco ASR 1000 Series Testing Results and Analysis
The document summarizes testing done on the Cisco ASR1000 Series router, specifically the ASR1004. Router Analysis tested the forwarding performance and functionality of the router under various conditions. Key findings include the ASR1004 exceeding the claimed forwarding rate for basic IPv4 and achieving above-minimum rates when features like ACLs and uRPF were enabled. QoS was found to function properly, protecting higher priority traffic. No head-of-line blocking was observed. Background traffic did not impact QoS performance. The router also supported the intended number of MPLS tunnels without issues. Overall, the ASR1004 performed as expected or better in Router Analysis' tests.
Cisco hsrp configuration
HSRP is a first hop redundancy protocol that provides high network availability by allowing transparent failover of the default gateway device. It uses a virtual IP address and MAC address that is shared between routers to allow hosts to maintain network connectivity even if the primary gateway fails. The router with the highest priority, as determined by configured priority values and IP addresses, will become the active router and handle traffic for the virtual address. If the active router fails to send hello messages, the standby router with the next highest priority will take over as the active router in a transparent manner for connected hosts.
First hop redundancy
This document compares three first-hop redundancy protocols: HSRP, VRRP, and GLBP. HSRP and VRRP provide default gateway redundancy with one active and one standby router, while GLBP additionally supports load balancing across gateways. Key differences include that HSRP is Cisco proprietary, VRRP is an open standard, and GLBP is Cisco proprietary but supports load balancing. All three protocols elect an active router and use multicast for communication.
Cidr
CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) es un sistema para asignar y manejar direcciones IP de forma más eficiente. CIDR permite el uso de prefijos de red de tamaño variable en lugar de limitarse a las clases tradicionales, agrupando bloques de direcciones existentes. Esto reduce el tamaño de las tablas de ruteo y jerarquiza las rutas entre dominios para una mejor administración de las direcciones IP disponibles a medida que Internet continúa creciendo.
Sdr
Software defined radios (SDR) use software to control radio functions like filtering, frequency coverage, and modulation modes. This flexibility allows SDRs to change how they operate through software updates rather than hardware changes. Key benefits are low cost since most functions are done in software, and versatility to support different communication standards worldwide. The goal of SDR is to have a single transceiver that can work as different devices like phones or radios through software reconfiguration alone. Hobbyists can use inexpensive SDRs and decoding software to track ships by receiving automatic identification system signals.
Sdr seminar
This document provides an overview of software-defined radio (SDR), including its definition, history, advantages, technical overview, and architecture. SDR is defined as a radio system where components typically implemented in hardware, such as mixers and filters, are instead implemented through software. The term was coined in 1991, with an early military project in 1992. SDR provides advantages like complete digital baseband processing and faster software prototyping. Its technical overview describes ideal SDR components and practical implementations using digital signal processing and field-programmable gate arrays.
Nat presentation
This document discusses network address translation (NAT) and how it allows private IP addresses on a local network to connect to public IP addresses on the internet. It explains that NAT involves translating IP addresses and ports so that a private network can be represented by a single public IP address from the perspective of the internet. It also describes different types of NAT, such as basic NAT, port address translation, source NAT, and destination NAT. Specific scenarios like browsing the web, port forwarding, and issues with certain protocols like FTP are also covered at a high level.
RSTP (rapid spanning tree protocol)
In 2001, the IEEE introduced Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) as 802.1w. RSTP provides significantly
faster spanning tree convergence after a topology change, introducing new convergence behavior and
bridge port roles to do this. RSTP was designed to be backwards-compatible with standard STP.
While STP can take 30 to 50 seconds to respond to a topology change, RSTP is typically able to respond
to changes within 3 × Hello times (default: 3 times 2 seconds) or within a few milliseconds of a physical
link failure. The so-called Hello time is an important and configurable time interval that is used by RSTP
for several purposes; its default value is 2 seconds.
Software Defined Radio
This document presents a presentation on software defined radio (SDR). It begins with an introduction that defines SDR and discusses its history. The methods section explains how SDR works, including its architecture and use of software common architecture and CORBA. It also discusses available tools like GNU Radio and USRP. The results section covers standards and applications of SDR. The discussion section highlights benefits, disadvantages, challenges and conclusions regarding SDR. Overall, the presentation provides a high-level overview of SDR, how it functions, examples of its applications, and considerations.
Lesson 2: Subnetting basics
The document discusses subnetting and CIDR notation. It provides information on the benefits of subnetting such as reduced network traffic, optimized performance, simplified management, and facilitating large geographical distances. It defines subnet masks and CIDR notation. It also discusses how to calculate the number of subnets and hosts in a subnet for a given subnet mask in CIDR notation. Finally, it provides an example of how to subnet the Class C network 192.168.10.0/25 into two subnets.
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)
EIGRP is a proprietary routing protocol developed by Cisco that uses a composite metric and has fast convergence properties. It functions as a hybrid of distance-vector and link-state routing protocols, sending subnet mask and VLSM information in updates. EIGRP forms neighbor relationships through periodic hello messages and establishes three key tables - Neighbor, Topology, and Routing - to store neighbor, route, and best path information. It utilizes five packet types and reliable transport to efficiently share routing updates.
IP Addressing and Subnetting
The document discusses IP addressing and subnetting. It begins by defining IP addresses and their structure as 32-bit addresses divided into four octets written in dotted decimal notation. It then covers IP address classes, identifying the class of example addresses. The document also discusses network IDs and host IDs, default subnet masks, and how to determine the appropriate subnet mask based on the number of required hosts. It provides examples of finding the network address given an IP address and subnet mask.
Subnetting Basics Tutorial
This document provides an introduction to subnetting basics. It begins by covering prerequisite knowledge, including classful network addressing, subnet masks in dotted decimal and prefix length notation, and the default subnet masks for Classes A, B, and C. It then explains how to identify the subnet and host bits when given an IP address and prefix length. The document demonstrates how to calculate the number of subnets and hosts available by using binary math equations. It provides an example of analyzing an IP address of 192.168.32.158/28 to determine its subnet ID and host ID.
Ip address
IP addresses are 32-bit numbers that uniquely identify devices on a network. They allow for file transfers and email communication using the Internet Protocol. There are five classes of IP addresses - A, B, C, D, and E - which are divided into ranges to define large, medium, and small networks. Users can determine the IP address of their own device or other computers and websites using commands like ipconfig and ping.
Routers and Routing Configuration
Router is a networking device that connects different networks and selects the best path to forward packets between them. It operates at the network layer of the OSI model. Cisco is the leading router manufacturer, making 70% of the market. Routers come in different sizes for different uses - access routers for small networks, distribution routers for ISPs, and core routers for backbone networks. Static routing requires manually configuring routes, while dynamic routing uses protocols to share route information between routers automatically.
Viewers also liked (20)
Cisco ASR 1000 Series Testing Results and Analysis
Cisco ASR 1000 Series Testing Results and Analysis
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)
Similar to EIGRP Jayanta
EIGRP interview questions and answers part 1
EIGRP is an enhanced interior gateway routing protocol that has characteristics of both distance vector and link state routing. It supports features like classless routing, VLSM, route summarization, incremental updates, and load balancing. The maximum hop count for EIGRP is 224 and it uses the multicast address 224.0.0.10. EIGRP applies an administrative distance of 90 for internal routes and 170 for external routes.
EIGRP (enhanced interior gateway routing protocol)
EIGRP is a cisco proprietary, Advance distance vector, classless Interior gateway routing protocol.
Released in-1994.
It works on Network Layer of OSI Model.
It use the IP protocol no 88. (It doesn’t use TCP or UDP)
EIGRP AD – 90
Eigrp External routes AD – 170
EIGRP has a maximum hop-count of 224, though the default maximum hop-count is set to 100
Routing Protocols and Concepts: Ch9 - EIGRP
IGRP and EIGRP.
Comparison between traditional Distance Vector Routing Protocols and Enhanced Distance Vector Routing Protocols.
EIGRP Message Format and Packet Header.
EIGRP Parameters (K1,K2, K3, K4, K5, Reserved, and Hold Time).
Protocol Dependent Modules (PDM).
Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP).
EIGRP Packet Types (Hello Packets, Update packets, Acknowledgment packets, Query and Reply packets).
EIGRP Bounded Updates.
Introduction to DUAL Algorithm.
EIGRP Administrative Distance.
The router eigrp Command, the network command with a Wildcard Mask, Verifying EIGRP and using the Bandwidth command
EIGRP Metric Calculation, EIGRP uses Bandwidth, delay, reliability, and load in its metric.
DUAL Concepts, successor, Feasible distance (FD), Feasible successor (FS), Reported distance (RD)/ AD and Feasibility Condition (FC).
DUAL Finite State Machine, Null0 Summary Route, Disabling Automatic Summarization, Manual Summarization and EIGRP default route
Eigrp
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) is an advanced distance-vector routing protocol used for automating routing decisions and configuration in computer networks. It uses neighbor discovery processes to dynamically learn about other routers on directly attached networks, reliable transport to guarantee ordered packet delivery, and the DUAL finite state machine to track routes and calculate the best paths. The main packet types used in EIGRP are hellos, updates, queries, replies, and requests.
Eigrp
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) is an advanced distance-vector routing protocol used for automating routing decisions and configuration in computer networks. It uses neighbor discovery processes to dynamically learn about other routers on directly attached networks, reliable transport to guarantee ordered packet delivery, and the DUAL finite state machine to track routes and calculate the best paths. The basic components and packet types of EIGRP, such as hello, update, query, reply and request packets, allow it to share routing information between Cisco routers.
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) || NETWORK PROTOCOL
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is an advanced distance-vector routing protocol that is used on a computer network for automating routing decisions and configuration.
EIGRP Routing Protocols
- The document discusses EIGRP routing protocols, including the basic concepts of routing, static versus dynamic routing, and an overview of EIGRP configuration and metrics.
- Key points covered include the basic functions of routers, different types of routing protocols, advantages and disadvantages of static routing, and how dynamic routing protocols automatically share information and update routing tables when network changes occur.
- The document also provides details on EIGRP packet types, neighbor discovery via hello packets, metric calculation using bandwidth and delay, and basic EIGRP configuration steps.
Eigrp.ppt
This document provides an overview of the Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP). It describes the history and development of EIGRP, its basic operation and components, including reliable transport protocol, packet types, neighbor discovery via hello packets, and route updates using the diffusing update algorithm. It also covers basic EIGRP configuration such as enabling it with the router eigrp command, advertising networks, and verifying neighbor relationships.
Routing Protocol in detail
The document discusses routing protocols including EIGRP, OSPF, and BGP. It covers topics such as configuration, terminology, route selection processes, and attributes for each protocol. The objectives are to understand how these protocols work, configure various features, and troubleshoot routing issues.
Final Presentation on the Network layer
This document provides an overview of the network layer and some of its key protocols. It begins with an introduction to the network layer and its main responsibilities, including routing packets between subnets that may have different addressing schemes or protocols. It then discusses some of the network layer's main functionalities and features. The remainder of the document defines and describes several important network layer protocols, including EIGRP, ICMP, IGMP, IPv4, and others. It provides high-level explanations of how these protocols function and their roles within the network layer.
6978106.ppt
The chapter discusses EIGRP and OSPF routing protocols. It provides information on configuring and verifying EIGRP, including EIGRP tables, metrics, neighbor discovery using hello packets, and terminology such as feasible successors. It also covers configuring and verifying OSPF, as well as using wildcards.
EIGRP NXOS vs IOS Differences
The document provides information on Cisco Nexus 5000 Layer 3 switching including:
- An overview of EIGRP fundamentals such as neighbor discovery, route metrics, and the Diffusing Update Algorithm.
- Details on EIGRP configuration and operation in NX-OS versus IOS including differences in CLI, route redistribution, and VRF support.
- Configuration examples that highlight similarities and differences between NX-OS and IOS for EIGRP tasks like interface configuration, authentication, and summarization.
Implementing an EGIRP Based Solution
The document discusses implementing an EIGRP-based solution for computer networking. It covers topics such as EIGRP configuration, metrics, neighbor discovery, route summarization, and troubleshooting. Specific configuration commands are provided for enabling EIGRP routing, verifying neighbor relationships, and modifying interface metrics. The routing protocol's use of DUAL, finite state machines, and automatic summarization are also explained.
CCNP Route EIGRP Overview
The document provides an overview of configuring the Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP). It describes the basic operation and components of EIGRP, including its tables, metrics, neighbor discovery, and packet types. The objectives are to describe EIGRP functionality, plan and implement EIGRP routing, and configure and verify EIGRP implementations in enterprise networks.
CCNP v6 Route: Implementing IP Routing Chapter 2
This chapter discusses the configuration of the Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP). It describes the basic operation and terminology of EIGRP, including its tables, metrics, and routing behavior. The chapter also covers EIGRP packet types, neighbor discovery, route calculation using the DUAL algorithm, and key technologies such as reliable transport and protocol-dependent modules. The overall purpose is to explain how to plan, implement, configure and verify EIGRP routing.
Eigrp Summary (Ccna4.Com)
EIGRP is a hybrid routing protocol that uses both distance-vector and link-state characteristics. It uses DUAL algorithm for routing calculations and loop prevention. EIGRP sends periodic hello packets to discover neighbors and non-periodic updates when routes change. The default EIGRP metric is the minimum bandwidth on a path plus the sum of the delays. Show commands can be used to display EIGRP neighbor information, topology tables, route tables, traffic statistics, and event/packet details for troubleshooting.
Exploration routing chapter_9
EIGRP is an enhanced interior gateway routing protocol developed by Cisco. It is a hybrid routing protocol that incorporates features of both distance-vector and link-state routing protocols. EIGRP uses the Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) to determine the best path to a destination while also maintaining alternative loop-free paths for rapid convergence in case of a link failure or cost change. EIGRP sends partial route updates only when changes occur to reduce bandwidth utilization.
CCCNP ROUTE v6_ch02
This document provides an overview of configuring the Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP). It describes the basic operation and components of EIGRP, including neighbor discovery, routing tables, route calculation using the DUAL algorithm, and packet types such as Hello, Update, Query and Reply. The objectives are to understand EIGRP functionality and configuration, and configure EIGRP routing in an enterprise WAN.
Single-packet hybrid IP traceback for IPv4 and IPv6 networks.
A single packet hybrid techniques that have advantages of being storage-efficient and accurate traceback mechanism to track the source of attacher in both IPv4 and IPv6 schemes.
ACL & EIGRP
This document provides an overview of ACL (Access Control List) and EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol). It defines ACL as a packet filtering method that filters IP packets based on source and destination addresses. It describes the objectives and types of ACLs, including standard, extended, named, inbound and outbound ACLs. The document also defines EIGRP as an advanced distance-vector routing protocol used for automating routing decisions. It provides background on EIGRP, describing it as a derivative of IGRP and proprietary Cisco protocol, and outlines some of its characteristics and advantages over other protocols.
Similar to EIGRP Jayanta (20)
EIGRP (enhanced interior gateway routing protocol)
EIGRP (enhanced interior gateway routing protocol)
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) || NETWORK PROTOCOL
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) || NETWORK PROTOCOL
Single-packet hybrid IP traceback for IPv4 and IPv6 networks.
Single-packet hybrid IP traceback for IPv4 and IPv6 networks.
Recently uploaded
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
5214-1693458878915-Unit 6 2023 to 2024 academic year assignment (AutoRecovere...
Bigdata of technology
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
Unit-III-ELECTROCHEMICAL STORAGE DEVICES.ppt
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
ISPM 15 Heat Treated Wood Stamps and why your shipping must have one
For International shipping and maritime laws all wood must contain the ISPM 15 Stamp. Here is how and why.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Modelagem de um CSTR com reação endotermica.pdf
Modelagem em função de transferencia. CSTR não-linear.
Computational Engineering IITH Presentation
This Presentation will give you a brief idea about what Computational Engineering at IIT Hyderabad has to offer.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
哪里办理(csu毕业证书)查尔斯特大学毕业证硕士学历原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(csu毕业证书)查尔斯特大学毕业证硕士学历】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine Learning
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Recently uploaded (20)
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
5214-1693458878915-Unit 6 2023 to 2024 academic year assignment (AutoRecovere...
5214-1693458878915-Unit 6 2023 to 2024 academic year assignment (AutoRecovere...
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
basic-wireline-operations-course-mahmoud-f-radwan.pdf
basic-wireline-operations-course-mahmoud-f-radwan.pdf
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
ISPM 15 Heat Treated Wood Stamps and why your shipping must have one
ISPM 15 Heat Treated Wood Stamps and why your shipping must have one
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...
EIGRP Jayanta
- 1. Presentation On EIGRP Welcome To Our Presentation Imran Arfath Jewel - 123-19-1419 Jayanta Qumar Roy - 123-19-1417 Md. Shiekh Rasel - 123-19-1410 Md. Rubel Islam - 123-19-1416 Daffodil International University Department of ETE
- 2. What is EIGRP ? Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a distance vector, classless routing protocol that was released in 1992 with IOS. EIGRP is an enhancement of Cisco IGRP(Interior Gateway Routing Protocol).
- 3. EIGRP Packets 1.Hello packets 2. Update packets 3. Query packets 4. Reply packets 5. Acknowledgement packets
- 4. Hello packets – Used to discover & form adjacencies with neighbors
- 5. Update packets – Used to propagate routing information
- 6. There are 3 types of updates… • Triggered Update • Partial Update • Bounded Update
- 7. Query packets – Used by DUAL for searching for Networks. – Can use Unicast or Multicast Reply packets – Reply packet – Can use Unicast only Acknowledgement Packets – Used to acknowledge receipt of update, query & reply packets.
- 8. EIGRP Metric Calculation Bandwidth-EIGRP uses a static bandwidth to calculate the metric. Most serial interfaces use a default bandwidth value of 1.544 Mbps. Delay- Delay is measure of the time it takes for a packet to traverse a route. Load- Load reflects the amount of traffic utilizing the link.Load is measured dynamically . Reliability- Reliability is a measure of the probability that the link fail or how often the link has experienced errors. Reliability is measured dynamically .
- 10. EIGRP Metric Calculation EIGRP reference bandwidth = 10 Mbps = 10* 10^6 bps
- 11. EIGRP * Successor * Feasible successor * Feasible condition * Reported distance * Feasible Distance
- 14. EIGRP TOPOLOGY
- 20. SEND DATA
- 21. ACK